生大黄辅助治疗轻症急性胰腺炎疗效观察

目的评价生大黄治疗轻症急性胰腺炎的应用效果。方法将40例轻症急性胰腺炎患者随机分为对照组(n=20)和治疗组(n=20)。对照组以单纯西医治疗,治疗组在西医治疗的基础上加用生大黄口服。比较两组在腹部症状、体征、肠道功能、血淀粉酶(AMS)和腹部CT阳性征象的恢复时间、住院天数和疗效上的差异。结果治疗组患者腹部症状、体征、肠道功能、血淀粉酶及腹部CT阳性征象恢复快,住院天数短,明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论生大黄能够明显改善轻症急性胰腺炎临床症状,缩短病程,疗效确切。     

生大黄治疗急性胰腺炎疗效观察

目的观察生大黄辅助治疗急性胰腺炎(AP)的疗效。方法对55例AP患者中的26例进行常规治疗并辅以生大黄治疗。并以不辅助生大黄的29例AP作对照。结果两组疗效差异明显。结论生大黄辅助治疗AP疗效较好。     

大黄芒硝及硫酸镁治疗急性重症胰腺炎合并麻痹性肠梗阻的疗效观察

目的探讨大黄芒硝及硫酸镁治疗急性重症胰腺炎合并麻痹性肠梗阻的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院近3年来收治的36例急性重症胰腺炎合并麻痹性肠梗阻患者的临床资料,将患者分为2组,治疗组（20）和对照组（16）,比较2组患者的疗效差异。结果对照组16例患者的腹痛、腹胀缓解时间,肠鸣音恢复时间,首次恢复排便时间,血淀粉酶恢复时间,禁食时间及患者住院时间,均明显长于治疗组,经统计学分析,有显著性差异,P〈0.05。而中转手术发生率和死亡率均较低。结论大黄芒硝及硫酸镁治疗急性重症胰腺炎合并麻痹性肠梗阻的疗效确切,值得临床推广使用。     

大黄辅助治疗急性重症胰腺炎的疗效观察

目的观察大黄在急性重症胰腺炎中的应用效果。方法选取18例急性重症胰腺炎者在常规治疗方法基础上加用大黄作为观察组,并且于同期抽取10例急性重症胰腺炎者作为对照组,观察两组患者治疗效果,对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果观察组血淀粉酶下降速度快于对照组且在临床症状改善时间、机体恢复时间方面优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论大黄在急性重症胰腺炎治疗中可起重要辅助作用,值得临床推广应用。     

重症急性胰腺炎早期应用生大黄治疗的护理

目的观察早期应用生大黄治疗重症急性胰腺炎的疗效,总结护理体会。方法应用生大黄液早期给予胃管注入及保留灌肠。结果 23例病人经过4～8 d治疗后腹痛腹胀明显减轻,灌肠30～60 min后即开始出现排便、排气,胃肠功能恢复较快,平均住院日15 d。结论合理早期的治疗,密切观察病情变化和精心的用药护理是治疗重症急性胰腺炎的关键。     

生大黄、芒硝和奥曲肽联合治疗急性重症胰腺炎疗效观察

[目的]探讨早期应用生大黄液灌肠、芒硝腹部外敷联合奥曲肽对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的治疗效果及其对预后的影响。[方法]将40例SAP患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组按照SAP的常规处理原则予监护,禁食,胃肠减压,抑酸,应用奥曲肽,抗生素,纠正水、电解质、酸碱失衡,营养支持等治疗;治疗组在此基础上给予芒硝外敷、生大黄液灌肠。监测2组患者治疗后腹痛腹胀缓解时间,血淀粉酶、血糖等生化指标的好转时间及治疗后第1、3、5天的APACHEⅡ评分结果。[结果]2组患者的腹痛腹胀缓解时间,血淀粉酶、血糖等生化指标的好转程度差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后第3、5天APACHEⅡ评分与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]生大黄液灌肠、芒硝外敷联合奥曲肽治疗SAP能缩短病程,降低住院费用,是治疗SAP的有效方法,可以常规早期使用。     

生大黄治疗重症急性胰腺炎

目的观察生大黄对重症急性胰腺炎的治疗效果.方法重症急性胰腺炎患者6例,除常规治疗(禁食、胃肠减压、抗感染、抗休克、抑制胰腺分泌、营养支持等)外,应用大剂量生大黄(60g～90g/d)进行治疗,6例患者均有休克,其中1例并发多器官功能衰竭,1例并发肝衰,1例并发肾衰,1例并发腹腔出血,2例并发ARDS,男3例,女3例,年龄45岁～75岁,每次用生大黄30g加200mL开水泡30min,取大黄水口服或经胃管灌入,服用5d～9d,即肠功能恢复3d后停用,对患者的临床表*北京市中医局资助项目现、实验室检查及影象学检查的恢复情况进行观察分析.结果6例患者均治愈出院,临床治愈时间(即症状、体征消失,恢复饮食,实验室检查正常,影象学检查胰腺处于炎症恢复状态)15d±6d,其中肠功能恢复的时间比既住不用生大黄组提前4d～8d.结论大剂量生大黄对重症急性胰腺炎有良好协同治疗作用,对胰腺炎引起的肠麻痹有明显治疗作用.     

大黄治疗重症急性胰腺炎的研究进展

本文概述了大黄的主要成分及临床应用,对SAP的作用及作用机理,治疗SAP的制剂、剂量及给药途径。对大黄治疗SAP的理论研究和诊疗工作很有帮助。     

生大黄保留灌肠辅助治疗重症急性胰腺炎肠麻痹的临床研究

目的 探讨生大黄液灌肠对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)患者肠道功能恢复的影响.方法 选择近5年收治的60例SAP患者,按完全随机法分为对照组和生大黄灌肠治疗组.对照组患者给予常规综合治疗,包括胃肠减压、禁食、抗感染、抑制胰腺分泌、抑制全身炎症反应及器官功能支持等;生大黄组在常规治疗的基础上,加用生大黄粉100 g的浸泡液200 ml高位保留灌肠,1次/d,直至肠道功能恢复后停药.于入院第1、2、5、6天测膀胱压力,行APACHEⅡ评分.观察两组肠道功能恢复(出现肠鸣音及肛门排气、排便)时间、全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)消退时间、住院天数及病死率.结果 入院第5、6天,生大黄组患者的膀胱压力及APACHEⅡ评分均显著低于对照组患者[(21.9±9.0) cmH2O比(25.3±9.5)cmH2O,(16.5±7.5) cmH2O比(20.6±7.7) cmH2 O,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa; (9.8±3.8)分比(12.5±3.6)分,(9.2±2.4)分比(11.2±2.5)分;P值均＜0.05)].生大黄组患者肠道功能恢复时间、SIRS消退时间、住院天数及病死率分别为(126.8±28.2)h、(131.2±29.6)h、(25.6±6.2)d及16.7％,其肠道功能恢复及SIRS消退时间、住院天数均较对照组患者的(169.9±53.4)h、(160.4±30.4)h、(33.2±6.4)d明显缩短(P值均＜0.05),病死率较对照组的26.7％降低,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 生大黄液保留灌肠可明显缩短SAP患者的肠道功能恢复时间及住院天数.     

生长抑素与大黄联合应用治疗急性重症胰腺炎疗效观察

目的探讨生长抑素（施他宁）联合大黄治疗重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）的效果。方法将45例SAP患者随机分为联合治疗组和对照组，观测和对比两组临床指征、实验室指标、APACHE-Ⅱ评分。结果联合治疗组腹痛缓解的时间及体温、肠鸣音、血淀粉酶恢复时间与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者入院后7d和14d，联合治疗组APACHE-Ⅱ评分与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈p．05）。联合治疗组在入院7d及14d时，ALT及总胆红素水平与对照组相比，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；在入院14d，联合治疗组肌酐和尿素氮水平与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论施他宁和大黄联合治疗SAP有简便、价廉、疗效确切等优点，值得临床推广应用。     

Protective effects of rhubarb on experimental severe acute pancreatitis

AIM: To investigate the effects of rhubarb on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats. METHODS: Severe acute pancreatitis was induced by two intraperitoneal injections of cerulein (40 μg/kg body weight) plus 5-h restraint water-immersion stress. Rhubarb (75-150 mg/kg) was orally fed before the first cerulein injection. The degree of pancreatic edema, serum amylase level, local pancreatic blood flow (PBF), and histological alterations were investigated. The effects of rhubarb on pancreatic exocrine secretion in this model were evaluated by comparing with those of somatostatin. RESULTS: In the Cerulein+Stress group, severe edema and diffuse hemorrhage in the pancreas were observed, the pancreatic wet weight (11.60&#177;0.61 g/Kg) and serum amylase (458 490&#177;43 100 U/L) were markedly increased (P&lt;0.01 vs control). In the rhubarb (150 mg/kg) treated rats, necrosis and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration in the pancreas were significantly reduced (P&lt;0.01), and a marked decrease (50%) in serum amylase levels was also observed (P&lt;0.01). PBF dropped to 38% (93&#177;5 mL/min per 100 g) of the control in the Cerulein+Stress group and partly recovered in the Cerulein+Stress+Rhubarb 150 mg group (135&#177;12 mL/min per 100 g) (P&lt;0.01). The pancreatic exocrine function was impaired in the SAP rats. The amylase levels of pancreatic juice were reduced in the rats treated with rhubarb or somatostatin, comparing with that of untreated SAP group. The bicarbonate concentration of pancreatic juice was markedly elevated only in the rhubarbtreated group (P&lt;0.01). CONCLUSION: Rhubarb can exert protective effects on SAP, probably by inhibiting the inflammation of pancreas, improving pancreatic microcirculation, and altering exocrine secretion.     

空肠灌注生大黄对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠的作用

目的探讨生大黄对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和胰腺组织病理学改变的影响。方法 36只大鼠随机分为正常对照组(假手术组,n=12)、模型组(SAP,n=12)和治疗组(生大黄组,n=12),以5%的牛磺胆酸钠逆行胆胰管注射制备大鼠SAP模型,采用放射免疫法检测大鼠血清IL-6、IL-8浓度。观察胰腺组织湿干重比。光镜下评估胰腺组织病理学积分。结果模型组和治疗组大鼠血清IL-6、IL-8水平明显高于正常对照组,其中治疗组明显低于模型组,P0.01。治疗组胰腺湿干重比及病理组织学评分均显著低于模型组,P0.01。结论生大黄可以使SAP大鼠血清IL-6、IL-8显著降低,并减轻胰腺的病理组织学改变。     

Intravenous magnesium sulfate in acute severe asthma

OBJECTIVE: Intravenous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), as an adjunctive medication to the standard treatment of acute asthma, improves admission rate or severity score in acute severe asthma patients. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial with subjects from the emergency room, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Patients, aged 15-65 years with acute severe asthma attack, whose severity scores were greater than 4 and who were willing to be enrolled in a study during March to November 1997 participated in the study. Randomly allocated patients received either 2 g intravenous MgSO4 or placebo, sterile water, as an adjunctive medication to standard therapy for acute asthma. The medication was diluted in 50 mL of 0.9% normal saline. MEASUREMENT: Severity scores were measured by two investigators using Fischl's indices. The times interval of measurements were at the initial (0), 60, 120, 180, and 240 min from receipt of treatment. Patients were hospitalized if the severity scores at 240 min exceeded 1. Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of RR were applied to estimate the risk of admission. Analysis of variance with repeated measurement on time was used to determine the severity score between two groups. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients with acute severe asthma were enrolled in the present study. One patient from the placebo group was excluded because he did not consent to undergoing peak expiratory flow rate. Seventeen patients received MgSO4 and 16 patients received placebo. The general characteristics between the two groups were not significantly different, which reflected the quality of randomization. The admission rates of the placebo and MgSO4 group were 25.00% and 17.65%, respectively. Patients who received MgSO4 had preventive risk to be hospitalized 0.71 times relative to patients who received placebo. However, this preventive risk did not reach statistical significance (95% CI of RR = 0.19-2.67). The severity score at any time between the two groups was also not statistically significantly different (P = 0.366). CONCLUSION: With the present evidence, the hypothesis was not confirmed. Magnesium sulphate as an adjunct to standard therapy did not improve either admission rate or severity score in patients with acute severe asthma.     

中药大黄辅助治疗重症急性胰腺炎的系统评价

目的:评价中药大黄辅助治疗重症急性胰腺炎的疗效.方法:检索2009-06v2前Medline、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisk,1978-2009)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI,1994.2009)、维普数据库(1989-2009)发表的有关中药大黄辅助治疗重症急性胰腺炎疗效的随机对照临床试验并手工检索相关文献,按入选和排除标准选择试验、评价入选文献的质量,提取相关数据,采用RevMan4.2软件进行统计学分析.结果:共有10项临床试验纳入本研究,大黄辅助治疗组腹痛缓解时间(WMD=-2.14,95%CI:-2.57,-1.70;P<0.01)、并发症发生率(RR=0.49;95%CI:0.36,0.65;P<0.01)均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义.病死率(RR=0.54;95%CI:0.25,1.13;P=0.10)与对照组比较无统计学意义.结论:中药大黄辅助治疗SAP能显著降低患者并发症发病率,并能缩短患者腹痛持续时间,但对于降低死亡率与对照组无区别.中药大黄辅助治疗SAP值得临床推广应用.     

重症急性胰腺炎的治疗方案选择与预后关系

目的探讨重症急性胰腺炎的治疗方案选择与疗效的关系.方法分析1 996年1月至2000年12月共收治的重症急性胰腺炎271例,分析其病因、治疗方案选择与患者预后间的关系.结果重症胆源性胰腺炎手术治疗64例,治愈率92.2%,死亡病例平均生存天数29.0 d,主要死亡原因是MODS和坏死感染;非手术治疗56例,治愈率85.7%,死亡病例平均生存天数6.2 d,主要死亡原因为休克、严重感染、肾功能衰竭、胰性脑病和MODS.重症非胆源性胰腺炎手术治疗76例,治愈率75.0%,死亡病例平均生存天数52.9 d,死亡原因有MODS、感染、DIC、消化道瘘和腹腔内出血;重症非胆源性胰腺炎非手术治疗75例,治愈率89.3%,死亡病例平均生存6.4 d(1～54 d),早期死亡的病例发病急,迅速出现休克、肾功能衰竭、ARDS和腹内高压,后期死亡的病例有包裹性感染坏死病灶破裂、全身感染和MODS.结论胆源性胰腺炎有胆道梗阻者应当行急诊手术或者行EST及ENBD,同时积极抗休克、防治肾功能衰竭,无胆道梗阻者先做积极的抗感染非手术治疗,后期作胆囊切除手术,是否探查胆总管根据病情决定.对来势急,经过积极的非手术治疗仍迅速出现休克、肾功能衰竭、ARDS、胰性脑病,或伴有腹膜炎或腹内高压者应及时手术引流.     

重症急性胰腺炎的治疗方案选择与预后关系

目的：探讨重症急性胰腺炎的治疗方案选择与疗效的关系。方法：分析1996年1月至2000年12月共收治的重症急性胰腺炎271例，分析其病因、治疗方案选择与患者预后间的关系。结果：重症胆源性胰腺炎手术治疗64例，治愈率92．2％，死亡病例平均生存天数29．0d，主要死亡原因是MODS和坏死感染；非手术治疗56例，治愈率85．7％，死亡病例平均生存天数6．2d，主要死亡原因为休克、严重感染、肾功能衰竭、胰性脑病和MODS。重症非胆源性胰腺炎手术治疗76例，治愈率75．0％，死亡病例平均生存天数52．9d，死亡原因有MODS、感染、DIC、消化道瘘和腹腔内出血；重症非胆源性胰腺炎非手术治疗75例，治愈率89．3％，死亡病例平均生存6.4d(1-54d)，早期死亡的病例发病急，迅速出现休克、肾功能衰竭、ARDS和腹内高压，后期死亡的病例有包裹性感染坏死病灶破裂、全身感染 和MODS。结论：胆源性胰腺炎有胆道梗阻者应当行急诊手术或者行EST及ENBD，同时积极抗休克、防治肾功能衰竭，无胆道梗阻者先做积极的抗感染非手术治疗，后期作胆囊切除手术，是否探查胆总管根据病情决定。对来势急，经过积极的非手术治疗仍迅速出现休克、肾功能衰竭、ARDS、胰性脑病，或伴有腹膜炎或腹内高压者应及时手术引流。     

Formalized therapeutic guideline for hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis

AIM: To investigate a formalized therapeutic guideline for hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis (HL-SAP).METHODS: Thirty-two consecutive patients with severe acute pancreatitis were included in the clinical trial. All of them met the following five criteria for admission to the study, namely the Atlanta classification and stratification system for the clinical diagnosis of SAP, APACHEII score more than 8, time interval for therapeutic intervention less than 72 hours after onset of the disease, serum triglyceride (TG) level 6.8 mmol/l or over, and exdusion of other etiologies.They were divided into severe acute pancreatitis group (SAP,22 patients) and fulminant severe acute pancreatitis group (FSAP, 10 patients). Besides the conventional therapeutic measures, Penta-association therapywas also applied in the two groups, which consisted of blood purification (adsorption of triglyceride and hemofiltration), antihyperlipidemic agents (fluvastatin or lipanthyl), low molecular weight heparin (fragmin), insulin, topical application of Pixiao (a traditional Chinese medicine) over the whole abdomen, serum triglyceride,pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined before blood purification (PF), at the end of blood purification (AFE) and on the 7th day after onset of the disease (AF7) respectively. Simultaneously, severity of the diseases was assessed by the APACHE Ⅱ system.Prognosis was evaluated by non-operation cure rate,absorption rate of pseudocyst, time interval pseudocyst absorption, hospital stay and survival rate.RESULTS: Serum triglyceride level (mmol/L), TNFα (U/mi) concentration and APACHE Ⅱ score were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) at AFE and AF7, as compared with PF.However, serum IL-10 concentration (pg/ml) was increased significantly (P＜0.001) at AFE, and decreased significantly (P＜0.05) at AF7 when compared with PF. Operations: The First surgical intervention time was 55.8±42.6 days in SAP group (5 patients) and 12.2±6.6 days in FSAP group (7 patients),there was a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.02). The number of operations in the two groups was 1.33±0.5 vs3.5±1.2 (P=0.0037), respectively. Prognosis: Nonoperation cure rate, absorption rate of pseudocyst, hospital stay and survival rate in SAP group and FSAP group were 100 % (22/22) vs11.1% (1/9), 77.3 % (17/22) vs 11.1%(1/9), 54.2±35.9 vs99.1±49.5 days (P=0.008) and 100 %(22/22) vs66.7 % (6/9) (P=0.0044). The time for absorption of pseudocyst was 135.1±137.5 days in SAP group.CONCLUSION: Penta-association therapy is an effective guideline in the treatment of hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis at its early stage (within 72 hours).     

重症急性胰腺炎NF-κB活化及维生素C干预治疗的实验研究

目的观察重症急性胰腺炎胰腺组织中NF-kB活化情况及VitC干预治疗对NF-kB活性的影响。方法54只雌性大鼠随机分为假手术组、重症急性胰腺炎组(SAP)、VitC预处理组(VitC SAP)。SAP模型经胆胰管内加压注射3.5%牛黄胆酸钠0.1ml／100g。VitC预处理组在建立模型前1h按VitC注射液1g／kg肌注给药。分别于建模后3h、6h、12h将大鼠分批处死,检测血淀粉酶,免疫组化法检测各组胰腺组织NF-kB的表达。常规病理并按Jan'S标准进行评分。结果VitC预处理组血清淀粉酶水平较SAP组在各个时间点均明显下降(3h,P<0.01,6h、12h,P<0.05)。VitC预处理组胰腺炎症范围、腺泡坏死程度及血管变化均较SAP组明显减轻,胰腺组织病理评分在各时间点明显低于SAP组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。假手术组可见胰腺组织NF-kB少量表达,VitC预处理组胰腺细胞NF-kB阳性率在各时间点均较SAP组明显减少(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论抗氧化剂VitC能抑制胰腺细胞NF-kB活化,减轻SAP胰腺组织损害和降低血清淀粉酶水平,对SAP具有一定治疗作用。     

重症急性胰腺炎NF-κB活化及维生素C干预治疗的实验研究

目的观察重症急性胰腺炎胰腺组织中NF-κB活化情况及VitC干预治疗对NF-κB活性的影响.方法 54只雌性大鼠随机分为假手术组、重症急性胰腺炎组(SAP)、VitC预处理组(VitC + SAP).SAP模型经胆胰管内加压注射3.5%牛黄胆酸钠0.1 ml/100 g.VitC预处理组在建立模型前1 h按VitC注射液1 g/kg肌注给药.分别于建模后3 h、6 h、12 h将大鼠分批处死,检测血淀粉酶,免疫组化法检测各组胰腺组织NF-κB的表达.常规病理并按Jan′S标准进行评分.结果 VitC预处理组血清淀粉酶水平较SAP组在各个时间点均明显下降(3 h, P ＜ 0.01, 6 h、12 h,P ＜ 0.05).VitC预处理组胰腺炎症范围、腺泡坏死程度及血管变化均较SAP组明显减轻,胰腺组织病理评分在各时间点明显低于SAP组(P ＜ 0.01或P ＜ 0.05).假手术组可见胰腺组织NF-κB少量表达,VitC预处理组胰腺细胞NF-κB阳性率在各时间点均较SAP组明显减少(P < 0.01或P < 0.05).结论抗氧化剂VitC能抑制胰腺细胞NF-κB活化,减轻SAP胰腺组织损害和降低血清淀粉酶水平,对SAP具有一定治疗作用.