探讨非甾体类消炎药物致上消化道出血的临床特点

目的对非甾体消炎药物导致上消化道出血的临床特点进行分析,并对其预防措施进行探讨。方法收集经过本院胃镜和临床检查出上消化道出血的48例患者,按照非甾体消炎药物服用情况进行分组,针对各患者的不同特点进行分析和研究。结果老年组和青年组服用的药物分别以阿司匹林和布洛芬为主,老年组服用非甾体消炎药后发生上消化道出血的概率比青年组高。上消化道出血程度与服用药物、服药时间和剂量等因素相关。结论临床上需要用非甾体消炎药治疗时,应先对患者的服药风险进行评估,选择适宜的药物进行治疗。     

环氧化酶和非甾体类消炎药

本文介绍了 2种环氧化酶 (COX 1和COX 2 )的生理和病理作用 ;对非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)的作用机制作了进一步叙述 ;介绍了几种选择性COX 2抑制剂及其药理机制。     

非甾体类消炎药导致消化道溃疡伴出血临床研究

目的 探讨非甾体抗炎药对消化道溃疡伴出血的影响.方法 选取我院2004年来收治的536例消化道溃疡伴出血的病例,按照病前1周内有无服用非甾体抗炎药分为研究组及对照组.比较2组患者在导致上消化道溃疡伴出血的相关因素分析.结果 2组病例在性别、溃疡特点等方面无明显差异性(P＞0.05),研究组病例在年龄、起病症状、病史、HP感染率、预后等方面存在显著差异(P＜0.05).结论 非甾体类消炎药是消化道溃疡伴出血的危险因素,采取相关措施降低胃肠道损害.     

非甾体消炎药致上消化道黏膜损伤的内镜及临床特点分析

目的采取措施对非甾体消炎药(NSAIDs)致上消化道黏膜损伤的内镜及临床特点进行有效性分析与研究。方法从医院收治的上消化道黏膜损伤病例中随机选取40例,其中男性有26例,女性有14例,他们的年龄在19～75岁之间。根据疾病病因将患者划分成非甾体消炎药(NSAIDs)相关性组与非NSAIDs相关性组,其中前者为观察组,后者为对照组,每一组有20例患者。利用统计学理论对非甾体消炎药(NSAIDs)致上消化道黏膜损伤的内镜及临床特点进行对比性分析。(P<0.05)。结果观察组患者的溃疡程度高于对照组患者,上消化道黏膜损伤的严重程度与服药时间、服药种类、服药剂量呈现出正相关的关系。两组患者在内镜下的表现是广泛性的胃肠黏膜病变。结论在临床中合理规范化用药是有效预防非甾体消炎药(NSAIDs)致上消化道黏膜损伤的科学方法。     

非甾体抗炎药致上消化道出血的经济负担分析

目的通过对上消化道出血住院病人的调查分析,了解服用非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)的比例以及NSAIDs引起的上消化道出血的经济负担.方法调查分析所有上消化道出血住院病人及其医疗费用.结果369例上消化道出血住院病人中有19.7%在出血前10d内服用过NSAIDs,服用的NSAIDs品种以阿司匹林、乙酰氨基芬及克感敏等为主,近3/4的病人服用NSAIDs的时间少于10d.消化道出血病人平均住院18d,住院费用平均为7619元,住院前门急诊费用为1567元,其他非医疗的直接费用约为2037元.结论NSAIDs引起的严重不良反应加重了病人经济负担,若采取适宜的策略可以显著降低NSAIDs不良反应及其相关的经济负担.     

非甾体类抗炎药所致肝损伤的临床病理分析

目的:探讨非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)所致肝损伤的临床病理特点。方法:检索石家庄市第五医院信息系统,收集2013年1月1日至2016年12月31日出院诊断含药物性肝损伤(DILI)患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析。将NSAID所致肝损伤患者纳入NSAID组,其他药物所致肝损伤患者纳入对照组。记录2组患者的一般情况、实验室检测结果和肝组织病理学检查结果。由本研究团队成员根据相关标准重新统一进行Roussel Uclaf因果关系评估法(RUCAM)评分、临床分型分级、病理学分型分级和临床转归评价。结果:纳入分析的患者共385例,NSAID组63例,对照组322例。2组患者的性别、年龄、临床表现等差异均无统计学意义(均 P>0.05)。依据R值对DILI分型和肝损伤严重程度分级的结果显示,2组患者中不同类型肝损伤者占比和不同级别肝损伤者占比差异均无统计学意义(均 P>0.05)。NSAID组和对照组行肝活检者分别为41和142例,结果显示,NSAID组血管损伤型者占比高于对照组[4.9%(2/41)比0(0/142), χ 2=7.003, P=0.049],汇管区炎症发生率和细胆管增生发生率均明显低于对照组[63.4%(26/41)比93.7%(133/142), χ 2=25.544, P<0.001;43.9%(18/41)比76.1%(108/142), χ 2=15.337, P<0.001],肝细胞脂肪变性发生率明显高于对照组[22.0%(9/41)比9.2%(13/142), χ 2=4.925, P=0.026]。经停药和对症治疗,NSAID组和对照组患者有效率分别为88.9%(56/63)和92.5%(298/322),痊愈率分别为41.3%(26/63)和52.5%(169/322),均无死亡者,2组疗效差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。 结论:NSAID所致肝损伤患者的临床表现和转归与其他药物所致肝损伤相似,肝脏病理学特点为汇管区炎症和细胆管增生发生率低于而肝细胞脂肪变性发生率高于其他药物所致肝损伤,并可见血管损伤改变。     

非甾体消炎药上消化道不良反应的防治

非甾体消炎药(non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)可不同程度地引起胃肠道不良反应,是临床引起消化性溃疡和上消化道出血的常见药物,特别是在一些高危人群。此外还可增加患者的心血管事件如心肌梗死和卒中的危险,这使NSAIDs的药物选择和不良反应防治成为重要的临床和经济问题。NSAIDs的使用应选择恰当和必须的患者,并尽可能选用最小的剂量和最短的时间,并尽量避免多种NSAIDs联用。长期用药应限于那些不能耐受其他类型的镇痛药、并且能经常随访的患者。对NSAIDs消化道不良反应发生高危人群的用药应参照指南并积极采取预防措施。     

非甾体类消炎药致消化道出血的临床分析

目的探讨非甾体类消炎药（NSAIDs）致消化道出血的临床特点。方法回顾性分析广东省东莞市东坑人民医院收治的经病理证实存在消化道出血及在出血前10d内有服用NSAIDs史的患者100例的临床资料,将其分为老年组62例和中青年组38例,按照使用NSAIDs的不同和患者的年龄进行研究。结果老年组NSAIDs相关性上消化道出血发生率明显高于中青年组（P〈0·01）,老年组服用的NSAIDs药物以阿司匹林为主显著高于中青年组（P〈0·01）;中青年组以布洛芬为主显著高于老年组（P〈0·01）;老年组消化道出血以溃疡性病变为主,中青年组以黏膜糜烂为主。两组患者的Hp感染差异无统计学意义（P〉0·05）。结论老年人患NSAIDs相关性上消化道出血具有其自身特点,不同于中青年患者,应该进行个体化的预防和治疗。     

泮托拉唑治疗老年非甾体消炎药相关性上消化道出血患者的疗效及观察

目的:分析泮托拉唑治疗老年急性上消化道出血的临床效果。方法:选取我院2009年7月~2013年5月老年人上消化道出血的病人100例,随机分为A、B两组,A组常规基础治疗的基础上加用泮托拉唑,B组在常规基础治疗基础上加用西咪替丁,对比两组治疗后临床疗效。结论:在临床上,针对老年性上消化道出血,泮托拉唑不仅可以提高临床治疗的有效率,还有不经P450代谢,药物间相互影响小的优势,值得在老年人群中大力推广。     

内镜下局部喷洒凝血酶治疗活动性上消化道出血

活动性上消化道出血４２例，男性２７例，女性１５例；年龄４７±ｓ１５ａ。出血量＜５００ｍＬ１８例，≥５００ｍＬ２４例。采用在内镜下将凝血酶稀释液２０ｍＬ（用生理盐水稀释，浓度为１００ＩＵ／ｍＬ）直接喷洒在病灶部位。如３ｍｉｎ内出血不止。再喷洒４０ｍＬ，继续观察３ｍｉｎ后退镜。完全和暂时止血各３４和５例、总有效率９３％。本法简便、有效，无不良反应。     

非甾体类抗炎药相关性上消化道出血的临床特点

目的探讨非甾体类抗炎药相关性上消化道出血的临床特点。方法选择因呕血或黑便就诊并行胃镜检查确诊的216例患者,分为NSAIDs组和非NSAIDs组,比较两组患者临床特点、内镜特点及幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染情况。结果结果显示两组患者的性别、出血方式比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;而年龄、出血前消化道症状、心血管病史、HP感染及内镜特点两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论非甾体类抗炎药相关性上消化道出血多见于老年人,有心血管病史,以粘膜糜烂及胃溃疡居多,HP感染增加了NSAIDs相关性胃黏膜损害。     

Case-control study on the association of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in Japan

Objective Studies in Western populations have shown the association of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in NSAIDs-related UGIB remains to be studied. We conducted a case-control study in Japan to investigate these related topics.Methods Cases of UGIB due to duodenal or gastric ulcer, or gastritis were identified in 14 study hospitals in various areas of Japan. For each case, two controls were identified from population registries in the same district. Information on drugs and other risk factors was obtained from 175 cases and 347 controls by telephone interviews. Anti-H. pylori antibody in the urine was measured in a single laboratory for all the cases and 225 controls.Results The odds ratio (OR) of UGIB was 5.5 for aspirin and 6.1 for other NSAIDs (NANSAIDs) (p<0.01). The OR for regular use was higher than for occasional use both for aspirin (7.7 vs 2.0) and NANSAIDs (7.3 vs 4.1). Loxoprofen (5.9), frequently used in Japan as a safe ‘prodrug’, was significantly associated with UGIB. The odds ratio for H. pylori infection was 4.9 and the relative excess risk due to the interaction between H. pylori and the use of NSAID was 1.2 (95% CI: −5.8–8.1).Conclusion NSAIDs including loxoprofen increase the risk of UGIB in Japan as in Western countries, with a similar magnitude of association. There was no evidence of biological interaction between NSAIDs and H. pylori infection.     

非甾体抗炎药致中青年患者上消化道出血临床分析（附81例）

目的探讨非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）致中青年患者上消化道出血的临床特点。方法回顾分析81例非甾体抗炎药中青年患者的临床资料。结果本组81患者2周内均有服用NSAIDs病史,都经大便潜血及纤维胃镜确诊。伴有腹部疼痛症状18例占22．2％（18／81）;有嗜咖啡或酸辣饮食习惯53例（占65．4％）;有吸烟史48例（占59．3％）。结论中青年人群服用NSAIDs引起的上消化道出血起病隐匿、临床症状轻和体征不明显的特点,应引起临床医师和药师的警惕。     

老年上消化道出血312例临床特点分析

目的探讨老年上消化道出血的病因及临床特点。方法对312例老年上消化道出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果老年上消化道出血的主要病因依次为消化性溃疡、急性胃黏膜病变、食管静脉曲张、胃癌。其中胃溃疡出血发生率(31.4%,98/312)高于十二指肠溃疡的发生率(21.8%,68/312);临床表现不典型,以无症状、黑便为首发症状多见。伴随病58.0%(181/312)、并发症25.3%(79/312)、再出血率20.5%(64/312)、死亡率达11.2%(35/312)。结论老年上消化道出血仍以消化性溃疡多见,胃溃疡出血发生率增加且伴随病并发症多,再出血率和死亡率高。     

非甾体类抗炎药致上消化道出血366例临床分析

目的探讨非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDs）诱发上消化道出血（PU）的临床流行病学特点。方法调查中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院2002年1月至2009年1月间因上消化道出血收住院治疗366例患者,根据入院前1周内有无服用NSAIDs,将患者分为服药组（103例）及未服药组（263例）,对两组患者的临床资料进行分析比较。结果服药组患者的年龄较未服药组更高,血红蛋白在服药组下降更明显（P〈0.01）;胃溃疡和复合溃疡、多发溃疡在服药组更多见（P〈0.01）,服药组幽门螺杆菌（Hp）的感染率与未服药组的感染率有显著差异,分别为65.05%和26.24%,（P〈0.05）。结论应加强对NSAIDs相关性上消化道出血临床特点的认识,尽量减少NSAIDs的不良反应。     

Upper gastrointestinal disorders induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Aims: We examined the characteristics of upper gastrointestinal disorders induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Methodology: The questionnaire investigation was performed over a five year period. Results: A study was performed on 354 patients (161 men and 193 women with mean ages of 66.0 and 70.7 years, respectively) who developed NSAIDs associated upper GI disorders: 21 patients had AGML, 212 had gastric ulcer, 63 had duodenal ulcer, 17 had gastroduodenal ulcers and 41 other cases. About 75 % of patients received NSAIDs for orthopedic conditions. Sixty percent of gastric disorders induced by NSAIDs affected the antrum or angulus of the stomach. The incidence of disorders of the gastric antrum was significantly higher in women than in men whilst the incidence of disorders on the gastric angulus was significantly higher in men than in women (p < 0.05). The proportion of patients with abdominal pain was significantly lower in patients over 65 years old than in those under 65 years old, and the proportion of patients with hematemesis or melena was significantly higher in patients over 80 years old than in those under 80 years old (p < 0.05). The time taken to achieve the healing stage was significantly longer in patients with greater than 3 months NSAIDs ingestion compared to patients that had received NSAIDs for less than 3 months (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Patients 65 years old and over with continuous NSAIDs use had asymptomatic ulcers, and patients 80 years old and over had hemorrhagic ulcers. Received and accepted 20 September 2006     

结肠直肠癌和非甾类消炎药(英文)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) can prevent or reduce the occurrence of colorectal cancers . Anti-carcinogenic properties of NSAIDs have been demonstrated in epidemiological studies of humans and experimental animals. In addition, clinical studies of familial adenomatous polyposis and sporadic adenomas have demonstrated that NSAIDs induce regression of colorectal adenomas and prevent formation of these tumors. NSAIDs thus induce early disruption of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and may mainly suppress subsequent cancer formation at adenoma stage. The mechanism of the anti-carcinogenic effect of these drugs is not known, but results of most studies support that cyclooxygenase-2 (an inducible isoform of prostaglandin synthetase, COX-2) is a major target of NSAIDs in this effect. Recent immunohistochemical studies have revealed that COX-2 is expressed not in tumor cells but in interstitial cells of colonic adenomas. Accordingly, NSAIDs may exhibit anti-carcinogenic property through the inh     

内镜止血在急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血治疗中的临床价值分析

目的 分析内镜止血在急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血治疗中的临床价值.方法 84例急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者,依据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组42例.对照组患者给予保守药物治疗,观察组患者给予保守药物联合内镜止血治疗.比较两组出血持续时间、肠鸣恢复音时间、住院时间,治疗前后血红蛋白、血氧饱和度、动脉血氧分压(...     

非甾体类抗炎药致上消化道出血的临床分析

目的探讨非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)致上消化道出血的临床特点。方法对182例上消化道出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据出血前1周内是否服用过NSAIDs,将患者分为NSAIDs组(43例)和非NSAIDs组(139例)。对比分析两组患者的临床资料。结果两组比较,NSAIDs组与非NSAIDs组在年龄、溃疡类型等方面差异有统计学意义。结论应加强对NSAIDs相关性上消化道出血临床特点的认识,以减少NSAIDs的不良反应。