1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮对N-甲基甲酰胺致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:考察1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮(DPPD)对N-甲基甲酰胺(NMF)急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:小鼠经口分别灌胃给予DPPD 50,100,200 mg.kg-1,qd,连续4 d;腹腔注射给予致肝毒性剂量NMF 2 000mg.kg-1;染毒48 h后测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(as-partate aminotransferase,AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)和总胆红素(total bilirubin,T-Bil)活性;留取肝脏组织,常规石蜡包埋切片,HE染色,光镜观察肝脏组织病理变化;制备肝匀浆,测定肝组织中还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化性谷胱甘肽(GSSG)和丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)含量,计算GSH/GSSG比值。结果:与对照组比较,模型组小鼠血清ALT,AST,LDH和T-Bil水平升高,肝组织GSH/GSSG比值及MDA含量升高,肝组织细胞变性坏死;预防性给予DPPD组ALT,AST和LDH水平明显降低,肝组织GSH/GSSG比值升高,MDA含量降低,肝脏病理损伤明显改善。结论:DPPD可有效抵御NMF对ICR小鼠肝脏的毒性损伤,调动机体抗氧化应激系统为可能的机制。     

1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮对硫代乙酰胺致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮(DPPD)对硫代乙酰胺(TAA)致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:雄性ICR小鼠共40只,随机分为正常组、模型组和DPPD低、中、高剂量组,DPPD组分别灌胃给予DPPD 250,500和1 000 mg·kg-1·d-1,qd,给药4 d,正常组和模型组给予生理氯化钠溶液。d 4给予DPPD 0．5 h后,模型组和DPPD组腹腔注射TAA 80 mg·kg-1,正常组不染毒。所有动物均在染毒TAA 24 h后处死。分离血清,测定血清中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性。留取部分肝组织用作常规病理切片检查;并取部分肝组织测定组织中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)的含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠血清ALT,AST,LDH和ALP活性均显著上升,GSH显著下降。与模型组比较,低、中、高剂量的DPPD组小鼠血清ALT,AST,LDH和ALP活性均显著降低,并呈剂量-依赖性,GSH显著上升。病理切片显示DPPD能够明显减轻TAA对肝组织的炎症性破坏。结论:DPPD对TAA引起的急性肝损害有一定的保护作用。     

2,4二-羟基二苯甲酮对CCl_4所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:探索2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮对CCl4所致急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:采用CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,染毒24 h后,测定血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)的活性;留取肝脏组织,常规石蜡包埋切片,HE染色,光镜观察肝脏组织病理变化;制备肝匀浆,测定肝中还原型谷胱甘肽(reducedglutathione hormone,GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(oxidized glutathione,GSSG)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)的含量。结果:与对照组比较,模型组小鼠血清中ALT,AST和LDH活性升高,肝组织中GSH/GSSG比值下降,MDA含量增加,肝小叶中心出现大量坏死细胞;2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮各剂量组血清ALT,AST和LDH水平明显降低,使肝组织中GSH/GSSG比值升高,MDA含量下降,肝小叶中心变性坏死细胞减少,坏死区域缩小。结论:2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮对CCl4引起的小鼠急性...     

1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮对可卡因致小鼠肝毒性及神经毒性的保护作用

目的:探讨1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮(DPPD)对可卡因致小鼠急性肝损伤及神经毒性的保护作用。方法:可卡因急性肝损伤模型采用♂C57BL/6N小鼠,DPPD(200,400,800 mg·kg–1/d,ig)预给药4 d,末次给药30 min后,sc可卡因70 mg·kg-1造模,24 h后处死,测定血清ALT,AST,LDH的活性及肝脏MDA含量,观察肝脏病理变化。DPPD抗可卡因神经毒性实验采用♂ICR小鼠,DPPD预给药3 d(给药剂量同前),末次给药30 min后,sc可卡因20mg·kg-1造模,记录小鼠0-180 min的活动次数。结果:可卡因70 mg·kg-1致部分小鼠死亡(5/7),存活小鼠血清ALT,AST,LDH活性及肝脏MDA含量显著升高,肝脏病理损伤明显,而DPPD预给药组无死亡,血清ALT,AST,LDH活性及肝脏MDA含量显著降低,肝脏损伤明显改善,呈剂量-效应关系;DPPD抗可卡因神经毒性研究发现,DPPD预给药组小鼠自主活动量较模型组显著降低。结论:DPPD对可卡因致小鼠急性肝毒性及神经毒性有拮抗作用。     

8-甲氧补骨脂素对对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究8-甲氧补骨脂素(8-methoxypsoralen,8-MOP)对对乙酰氨基酚(acetaminophen,APAP)致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用对乙酰氨基酚所致小鼠急性肝损伤模型。24 h后,检测小鼠血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH);留取肝脏组织,常规石蜡包埋切片,HE染色,光镜观察肝脏组织病理变化;制备肝匀浆,测定肝中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组小鼠血清中ALT、AST和LDH活性明显升高,肝脏组织出现明显的肝细胞变性坏死;与模型组相比,8-甲氧补骨脂素可以明显降低小鼠血清中ALT、AST和LDH的活性,降低肝组织中MDA的含量,升高GSH/GSSG比值,肝组织病理损伤也明显减轻。结论 8-甲氧补骨脂素对对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

二苯甲酰甲烷对对乙酰氨基酚所致MT(-/-)小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨二苯甲酰甲烷(DBM)对对乙酰氨基酚所致MT(-/-)小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用对乙酰氨基酚(450mg·kg-1,sc)所致小鼠急性肝损伤模型。雌性MT(-/-)小鼠随机分为5组,对照组、模型组、DBM50,100和200mg·kg-1组。DBM组分别igDBM50,100和200mg·kg-1·d-1,共4d。第4天给药后30min,模型组和DBM组小鼠sc对乙酰氨基酚造模。24h后,测定血清中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性。制备肝匀浆,测定肝中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量;留取肝脏组织,常规石蜡包埋切片,HE染色,光镜观察肝脏组织病理变化。结果与模型组相比,各DBM组小鼠血清中GPT,GOT和LDH活性显著降低;GSH/GSSG比值升高,MDA含量下降;肝脏组织病理损伤明显减轻。结论DBM对对乙酰氨基酚引起的MT(-/-)小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

6,7-二乙酰黄芩素对四氯化碳和D-氨基半乳糖所致的急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究6,7-二乙酰黄芩素对四氯化碳(CCl4)和D-氨基半乳糖(D-GalN)所致急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:分别用CCl4和D-GalN诱导化学性急性肝损伤模型,测定血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平;并用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色处理肝脏组织切片,光镜观察病理学改变;用试剂盒测定肝线粒体中AST,SOD和GSH-PX的活性及脂质过氧化产物MDA含量。结果:在CCl4和D-GalN诱导和的小鼠肝急性损伤模型中,6,7-二乙酰黄芩素给药(50,100 mg.kg-1,ig)明显降低血清ALT,AST水平;明显改善肝脏病理组织状况;6,7-二乙酰黄芩素给药(25,50,100 mg.kg-1,ig)明显降低CCl4诱导的肝急性损伤小鼠的肝线粒体中AST活性和MDA的含量,显著增加SOD和GSH-PX的活性。结论:6,7-二乙酰黄芩对CCl4和D-GalN诱导和的小鼠肝急性损伤均具有保护作用,该作用与其增加线粒体中抗氧化酶的酶的活性、降低脂质过氧化水平有关。     

绞股蓝多糖对小鼠四氯化碳肝损伤的保护作用

目的从绞股蓝中分离纯化绞股蓝多糖,并研究绞股蓝多糖对小鼠CCl4肝损伤的保护作用。方法经去蛋白、除果胶、脱色、超滤之后得绞股蓝多糖,以绞股蓝多糖对小鼠连续灌胃7 d之后,腹腔注射0.5%的CCl4花生油溶液,建立肝损伤模型,继续给药2次,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性;测定肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量和谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性;采用光学显微镜观察肝组织病理组织学变化。结果绞股蓝多糖各剂量组能明显抑制肝损伤小鼠ALT、AST活性的升高;抑制肝组织中MDA含量的升高,提高肝组织中GSH活性;减轻CCl4对肝脏细胞的病理损伤。结论绞股蓝多糖对CCl4造成的小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显保护作用。     

木通皂苷D对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究木通皂苷D对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用CCl4急性肝损伤模型,小鼠ig给予不同剂量的木通皂苷D(1、0.5、0.25 g·kg-1),并以水飞蓟素(0.2 g·kg-1)为阳性对照药,采用比色法检测小鼠血清的天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)及肝脏中还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量。结果各剂量木通皂苷D能显著降低CCl4所致小鼠血清中AST、ALT的水平(P<0.01),同时升高肝脏组织中GSH、SOD的水平(P<0.05),降低肝脏组织中MDA的含量(P<0.05)。结论木通皂苷D对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有显著的保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

蛇黄肝炎汤对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用研究

目的:研究蛇黄肝炎汤对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:采用四氯化碳(CCl4)复制小鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察蛇黄肝炎汤对小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性和肝脏组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。电镜下观察小鼠肝脏形态学。结果:蛇黄肝炎汤60、40g·kg-1剂量下可显著降低急性肝损伤模型小鼠血清中ALT、AST活性和肝组织匀浆中MDA含量,升高肝组织匀浆中SOD活性。同时,HE染色结果显示蛇黄肝炎汤能明显减轻肝脏的病理损伤。结论:蛇黄肝炎汤对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤模型具有保护作用。     

Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3-benzodioxole derivatives

A series of 1,3-benzodioxoles (5-19) was synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against human tumor cell lines. Some derivatives exhibited tumor growth inhibition activity. In particular, 6-(4-aminobenzoyl)-1,3-benzodioxole-5-acetic acid methyl ester 8, the most active compound of the series, possesses a significant growth inhibitory activity on 52 cell lines at concentrations ranging from 10(-7) to 10(-5) M.     

2-苯基-1,3-丙二醇的制备

2-苯基-1,3-丙醇(1)可用于合成抗癲痫药非氨酯(felbamate)等~([1]).1的合成方法报道很多~([2-5]).其中文献~([2])用2-苯基丙二酸二乙酯(2)经硼氢化钠还原制得1,操作简便,但收率仅48.6%.     

Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 1,3-benzodioxole derivatives. Note II

A series of 1,3-benzodioxoles (2-12) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro ability to inhibit the growth of three human tumor cell lines. No cytotoxic effects were noticed with any of the test compounds at a concentration of 10(-4) M.     

Pharmacokinetics of 2-Pivaloylindan-1,3-Dione in Dogs

Abstract The pharmacokinetics of 2-pivaloylindan-1,3-dione (Pival±) after administration of a single dose was investigated in dogs. The plasma concentration graph can be described by a one compartment open model. The drug is fairly well absorbed (67%) and the excretion is extremely slow with a half-life of nearly five days. These kinetics can be explained by the physicochemical properties of the drug, such as strong binding to canine plasma protein, high lipophility and the lack of transformation to polar metabolites. A single oral dose of 5 mg/kg must be regarded as lethal to dogs and the LD50 is assumed to be approximately 4 mg/kg in this species.     

取代-1,3-二氢吲哚-2-酮化合物的合成

取代苯胺经酰化、环合反应制得关键中间体取代靛红衍生物4a～4k,再用三乙基硅烷/三氟乙酸体系室温还原制得取代-1,3-二氢吲哚-2-酮类化合物1a～1k,后者可用于合成舒尼替尼等酪氨酸激酶抑制剂类抗肿瘤药.     

Transport of N-acetyl-S-pentachloro-1,3-butadienylcysteine by rat renal cortex

N-acetyl-S-pentachloro-1,3-butadienyl-L-cysteine (PCBD-NAC) is a postulated metabolite derived from glutathione conjugation of hexachloro-1,3-butadiene and is nephrotoxic in the rat. Because PCBD-NAC causes selective necrosis to the pars recta of the proximal tubule, and is an organic anion it might be expected to be transported by the renal organic anion transport system. Rat renal cortical slices were used to characterise the transport. ¹⁴C-PCBD-NAC uptake was temperature dependent and reduced by the metabolic inhibitors cyanide and iodoacetate. Probenecid and sulphinpyrazone, specific competitive inhibitors of the anion transport system, and dinitrophenol, a metabolic inhibitor as well as a competitive inhibitor of anion transport, reduced PCBD-NAC transport. Organic cations or uric acid transport inhibitors did not alter PCBD-NAC accumulation by the slices. These data are consistent with the transport of PCBD-NAC by the renal organic anion secretory system.     

Inhibitory effects of 1,3‐thiazine derivatives on melanogenesis

Objectives The aim of this study was to identify a novel skin‐depigmenting agent from synthetic 1,3‐thiazine derivatives. Methods We investigated the inhibitory effects of six kinds of 1,3‐thiazine derivative on melanogenesis by examining their effects on tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis in melan‐a cells and the zebrafish model. Key findings Of the six compounds, 4‐hydroxy‐2,6‐dimethyl‐5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐1,3‐thiazine (TZ‐6) had the strongest anti‐melanogenic effects in cultured melan‐a cells (30.4% inhibition at 100 μM). In addition, TZ‐6 exhibited an inhibitory effect on mushroom and cellular tyrosinase. Based on the results of Western blotting, TZ‐6 reduced the expression of tyrosinase at 100 mM. Additionally, TZ‐6 reduced body pigmentation and inhibited tyrosinase activity in the zebrafish model. Conclusions The results have provided useful information for the development of a skin whitening agent.     

On the Fluorescence Reaction of Pharmaceutically Important 1,3-Diamines and o-Aminobenzenesulfonamides with Homophthalaldehyde

On treatment with pharmaceutically important primary 1,3-diamines 2 and 8 as well as o-aminobenzenesulfonamides 13–15 , homophthalaldehyde ( 1 ) yields the intensely blue fluorescent, heteroanellated isoquinolines 5 and 9 , as well as moderately fluorescent isoquinobenzothiadiazines 16–18 .     

Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-(thi)one derivatives

Several 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidine-4-thione derivatives and 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones bearing a methyl group at C-5 position have been synthesized and tested as anti-HIV agents. The results of the in vitro tests showed that some of them proved to be effective inhibitors of HIV-1 replication.