AFP、AFU联合检测在原发性肝癌中的诊断价值

目的：探讨血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）、α-L岩藻糖苷酶（AFU）联合检测在原发性肝癌（PHC）诊断中的应用价值。方法：对PHC80例,转移性肝癌组42例,肝炎组53例,正常对照组90例同时进行AFP和AFU的检测,其中AFP采用时间分辩荧光免疫分析法,AFU采用速率法。结果：PHC组血清AFP和AFU水平均明显高于肝炎组和正常对照组,差异有非常显著性（P〈0.01）,PHC组血清AFP和AFU阳性率分别为72.5%、87.5%,AFP和AFU联检阳性率为92.5%,而AFP阴性的PHC 22例中,血清AFU阳性率为72.7%（16/22）。结论：AFP和AFU联合检测可提高PHC的诊断率。     

3种肿瘤标志物联合检测诊断原发性肝癌58例临床分析

目的本文探讨肿瘤标志物γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）、α-L岩藻糖苷酶（AFU）、甲胎蛋白（AFP）在原发性肝癌（PHC）诊断中的应用价值。方法对PHC组58例,慢性乙型肝炎组95例,健康对照组60例进行对比分析。GGT、AFU采用速率法,AFP采用化学发光法检测各组血清GGT、AFU和AFP水平。结果PHC组血清GGT、AFU和AFP水平均明显高于慢性乙型肝炎组及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。PHC患者血清GGT、AFU和AFP阳性率分别为63．8％、79．3％、68．9％。GGT与AFU、AFP联检其阳性率可提高到91．4％。结论联合检测AFP、AFU、GGT3项指标可提高PHC,尤其是AFP阴性PHC的诊断效率,对PHC的早期诊断有一定指导意义。     

肝癌患者血清AFP、AFU和SHCSP的联合检测

目的：为探讨多种肝癌标志物联合检测对原发性肝癌的临床诊断价值。方法：对79例B超：计算机断层扫描（CT）诊断为肝实质性占位性病变的肝癌患者进行了甲胎蛋白（AFP0、α－L－岩藻糖苷酶活力（AFU）和特异性肝癌蛋白（SHCSP）的联合检测。结果：单项AFP、AFU和SHCSP法在PHC组的阳性检出率分别为75．95％、72．15％及70．89％，AFP法与AFU法两项联检阳性率为91．14％，AFP法与SHCSP法两项联检，阳性经为89．87％，三项联检的阳性经97．47％，均显著高于任何单项检测的阳性率（P＜0．01）。AFP法在PHC中的阴性率为24．1％，AFU法和SHCSP法在19例AFP阴性的PHC病例中，阳性检出率分别为73．6％和68．42％。结论：采用多种肿瘤标志物联合检测可明显提高肝癌患者的诊断符合率，减少遗漏患者，对肝癌的早期诊断，尤其对AFP阴性的肝癌诊断具有更重要的临床应用价值。     

甲胎蛋白等3项指标联合检测对原发性肝癌的诊断价值

目的探讨肿瘤标志物甲胎蛋白（AFP）、α-L岩藻糖苷酶（AFU）、细胞角质蛋白19片段（CYFRA21-1）联合检测对原发性肝癌（PHC）的诊断价值。方法分别测定PHC患者60例、肝良性疾病组50例、健康对照组70例血清的AFP、AFU及CYFRA21-1值。结果 PHC患者血清AFP、AFU、CYFRA21-1阳性率分别为68.7%、61.67%、56.67%;AFP、AFU、CYFRA21-1联合检测阳性率显著提高达91.67%,与单项AFP检测阳性率相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 AFP、AFU及CYFRA21-1联合检测对原发性肝癌的诊断具有良好的临床应用意义。     

AFP、AFU、GGT、ALP及CA19-9联合检测对肝癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨甲胎蛋白(AFP)、α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)以及糖类抗原CA19-9(CA19-9)对肝癌的诊断价值.方法 检测GGT、ALP、AFU采用速率法,检测AFP、CA19-9采用电化学发光免疫分析法,分别检测原发性肝癌组(46例)、转移性肝癌组(37例)、健康对照组(64例)血清GGT、ALP、AFU、AFP、CA19-9水平,并对结果进行统计学分析.结果 原发性肝癌组、转移性肝癌组血清GGT、AFU、ALP、CA19-9水平显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05),原发性肝癌组血清AFP、AFU水平显著高于健康对照组和转移性肝癌组(P<0.05),转移性肝癌组血清AFP水平与健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义;各检测指标诊断原发性肝癌和转移性肝癌的阳性率分别为GGT 95.7%、94.6%,ALP 91.3%、78.4%,AFU 78.3%、21.6%,AFP 93.5%、45.9%,CA19-9 56.5%、59.5%,与健康对照组阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).5项指标联合检测对原发性肝癌和转移性肝癌的阳性率分别为100.0%、97.3%,与健康对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 GGT、ALP、AFU、AFP及CA19-9联合检测可以明显提高诊断肝癌的阳性率和准确性.     

甲胎蛋白联合α-L-岩藻苷酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶检测对原发性肝癌的诊断

目的：探讨α-L-岩藻苷酶（AFU）、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）、甲胎蛋白（AFP）三项联合检测对原发性肝癌诊断的临床意义。方法：测定原发性肝癌40例、肝硬化50例、健康体检者50例AFU、GGT、AFP血清含量。结果：原发性肝癌三项指标与肝硬化及正常组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,对原发性肝癌,AFU、GGT与AFP联合检测阳性率达95.8%。结论：AFU、GGT、AFP三项联合检测可提高肝癌的阳性诊断率。     

血清5项指标联合检测对原发性肝癌的诊断探讨

目的探讨血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)对原发性肝癌(PHC)的诊断价值。方法对原发性肝癌组80例,良性肝病组60例及健康对照组40例血清中的AFP、AFU、ALP、GGT、LDH进行测定,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 PHC组的AFP、AFU、ALP、GGT、LDH检测值及阳性率明显高于良性肝病组及健康对照组(P<0.05)。结论联合检测血清中AFP、AFU、ALP、GGT及LDH可提高对原发性肝癌诊断的敏感性和准确性。     

原发性肝癌患者血清α—L—岩藻糖甙酶测定的意义

AFP作为原发性肝癌（PCH）诊断指标,在临床早已产生共识,然而约有近40％的PHC属AFP阴性或低浓度,这部分患有的其至在癌症晚期AFP尚在正常范围,自80年代初Deugnier等先后报道PHC患血清α-L-岩藻糖甙酶（AFU）活动明显高于正常人以来,对AFU的研究备受重视。为探讨AFU对PHC,尤其是AFP阴性HPL的诊断价值。本检测了PHC、肝硬化（LC）及各类肝炎患血清AFU水平,现将结果报告如下。     

血清α-L-岩藻糖苷酶对早期原发性肝癌的诊断价值

目的探讨血清α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)对早期原发性肝癌的诊断价值。方法用化学发光免疫分析法和连续监测法测定118例原发性肝癌(PHC)患者、202例其它疾病患者和80例正常人血清AFP、AFU水平,并对结果进行统计分析。结果(1)PHC组血清AFU水平为(68.7±32.3)U/L,显著高于正常对照组和其它疾病组(P<0.05)。(2)癌组织直径<5cm的早期PHC患者,血清AFP水平及阳性率分别为(649.2±372.1)μg/L和55.3%,AFU水平及阳性率分别为(68.5±33.1)U/L和73.7%,与癌组织直径≥5cm的中晚期PHC患者比较,前者差异显著(P<0.05),后者差异无显著性(P>0.05)。(3)AFP、AFU联合检测对早期PHC的诊断阳性率为86.8%,高于AFP、AFU单项检测。结论在早期原发性肝癌实验室诊断中,AFU具有较AFP更高的敏感性,二者联合检测,可提高早期原发性肝癌的检出率。     

血清α-L-岩藻糖苷酶对原发性肝癌的诊断价值

目的探讨检测血清α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)在原发性肝癌(PHC)诊断中的应用价值。方法选取60例健康者、54例PHC患者、32例肝硬化患者、36例肝炎患者、14例梗阻性黄疸患者、16例转移性肝癌患者和30例其他恶性肿瘤患者对其血清AFU水平进行统计,比较各组AFU水平差异。并比较AFU和甲胎蛋白(AFP)在PHC中的特异度与灵敏度。结果 PHC组血清AFU水平明显高于健康对照组、转移性肝癌组、其他恶性肿瘤组(P0.01)、肝硬化组和肝炎组(P0.05),但低于梗阻性黄疸组(P0.05),其检测的阳性率为77.8%,特异度为80.3%;在54例PHC患者中,AFU的阳性检出率为81.4%,AFP的阳性检出率为70.0%。结论 AFU作为PHC的检测指标具有较好的特异度和灵敏度,对于PHC的早期筛查和预后评估较AFP有更重要的临床应用价值。     

Morphological Distinction of Cyanodermatium (Hydrococcaceae) and Radaisia (Hyellaceae) of Chroococcales (Cyanoprokaryota)

Radaisia gomontiana Sauvageau has been studied for their morphology from the material collected from natural habitat and from cultures. The continuous collections of the organism from nature did not show any sign of baeocyte formation. However, in the seventeenth collection, after 2 months growth in a water body, it did reveal the formation of baeocytes only for 2 days, whereas under culture conditions, stages of baeocyte and monocyte formation were recorded as distinct features. The organism is identified as Radaisia (Hyellaceae) when baeocytes are observed. Its vegetative stage which is recognized as Cyanodermatium (Hydrococcaceae).     

电视辅助胸腔镜外科

１概述 电视辅助胸腔镜外科（Ｖｉｄｅｏ—ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ＴｈｏｒａｃｉｃＳｕｒｇｅｒｙ,ＶＡＴＳ）是内镜外科在设备和手术器械不断发展的基础上产生的“微侵入”外科技术。如腹腔镜技术在外科的应用一样,９０年代以来,ＶＡＴＳ在胸外科领域也得到蓬勃发展。 ＶＡＴＳ的出现改变了胸腔内镜技术的面貌。早在１９１０年,瑞士内科医师Ｊａｃｏｂｅｕｓ首先把膀胱镜技术移植到胸腔内,用于诊断胸膜病灶以及应用到治疗肺结核的胸膜粘连术和肺萎陷疗法。开辟了内镜诊断、治疗胸部疾病的先例［１］。以后,在２０世纪三四十年代,逐渐发…     

Alpha(4)beta(7)/alpha(4)beta(1) dual integrin antagonists block alpha(4)beta(7)-dependent adhesion under shear flow

The alpha(4) integrin, alpha(4)beta(7), plays an important role in recruiting circulating lymphocytes to the gastrointestinal tract, where its ligand mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) is preferentially expressed on high endothelial venules (HEVs). Dual antagonists of alpha(4)beta(1) and alpha(4)beta(7), N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)-(L)-4-(2',6'-bis-methoxyphenyl)phenylalanine (TR14035) and N-(N-[(3,5-dichlorobenzene)sulfonyl]-2-(R)-methylpropyl)-(D)-phenylalanine (compound 1), were tested for their ability to block the binding of alpha(4)beta(7)-expressing cells to soluble ligand in suspension and under in vitro and in vivo shear flow. Compound 1 and TR14035 blocked the binding of human alpha(4)beta(7) to an (125)I-MAdCAM-Ig fusion protein with IC(50) values of 2.93 and 0.75 nM, respectively. Both compounds inhibited binding of soluble ligands to alpha(4)beta(1) or alpha(4)beta(7) on cells of human or rodent origin with similar potency. Under shear flow in vitro, TR14035 and compound 1 blocked binding of human alpha(4)beta(7)-expressing RPMI-8866 cells or murine mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes to MAdCAM-Ig with IC(50) values of 0.1 and 1 microM, respectively. Intravital microscopy was used to quantitate alpha(4)-dependent adhesion of fluorescent murine lymphocytes in Peyer's patch HEVs. When cells were prestimulated with 2 mM Mn(2+) to activate alpha(4)beta(7) binding to ligand, anti-alpha(4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) [10 mg/kg (mpk) i.v.] blocked adhesion by 95%, and anti-beta(1) mAb did not block adhesion, demonstrating that this interaction was dependent on alpha(4)beta(7). TR14035 blocked adhesion to HEVs [ED(50) of 0.01-0.1 mpk i.v.], and compound 1 blocked adhesion by 47% at 10 mpk i.v. Thus, alpha(4)beta(7)/alpha(4)beta(1) antagonists blocked alpha(4)beta(7)-dependent adhesion of lymphocytes to HEVs under both in vitro and in vivo shear flow.     

Tumor pH-responsive flower-like micelles of poly(l-lactic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-histidine)

Polymeric micelles were constructed from poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA; M_n 3K)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; M_n 2K)-b-poly(l-histidine) (polyHis; M_n 5K) as a tumor pH-specific anticancer drug carrier. Micelles (particle diameter: ∼ 80 nm; critical micelle concentration (CMC): 2 μg/ml) formed by dialysis of the polymer solution in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) against pH 8.0 aqueous solution, are assumed to have a flower-like assembly of PLA and polyHis blocks in the core and PEG block as the shell. The pH-sensitivity of the micelles originates from the deformation of the micellar core due to the ionization of polyHis at a slightly acidic pH. However, the co-presence of pH-insensitive lipophilic PLA block in the core prevented disintegration of the micelles and caused swelling/aggregation. A fluorescence probe study showed that the polarity of pyrene retained in the micelles increased as pH was decreased from 7.4 to 6.6, indicating a change to a more hydrophilic environment in the micelles. Considering that the size increased up to 580 nm at pH 6.6 from 80 nm at pH 7.4 and that the transmittance of micellar solution increased with decreasing pH, the micelles were not dissociated but rather swollen/aggregated. Interestingly, the subsequent decline of pyrene polarity below pH 6.6 suggested re-self-assembly of the block copolymers, most likely forming a PLA block core while polyHis block relocation to the surface. Consequently, these pH-dependent physical changes of the PLA-b-PEG-b-polyHis micelles provide a mechanism for triggered drug release from the micelles triggered by the small change in pH (pH 7.2–6.5).