Primary hypothyroidism with precocious puberty and bilateral cystic ovaries

It is a general observation that children with hypothyroidism have delayed sexual maturation and delayed puberty. However, longstanding untreated hypothyroidism could be associated with isosexual precocious puberty. Here we report a nine year old girl with longstanding untreated hypothyroidism presenting with precocious puberty and bilateral multicystic ovaries, which promptly responded to thyroid hormone replacement.     

Primary hypothyroidism associated with pituitary enlargement,slipped capital femoral epiphysis and cystic ovaries

A case of primary hypothyroidism with pituitary enlargement, slipped capital femoral epiphysis and cystic ovaries is reported. The pituitary abnormality and cystic ovaries disappeared dramatically after thyroid hormone therapy. Hip pinning was performed. The recognition of these associations may eliminate unnecessary surgery and lead to the choice of hormone replacement therapy.Abbreviations TGHA antithyroglobulin haemagglutination antibody - MCHA antithyroid microsome haemagglutination antibody - PRL serum prolactin - GH growth hormone - SCFE slipped capital femoral epiphysis     

甲状腺球蛋白增高的先天性甲状腺功能减退症1例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨甲状腺球蛋白(TG)增高的先天性甲状腺功能减退症(CH)家系的临床特征及TG基因变异特征.方法 回顾分析1个TG增高的CH家系的临床及TG基因检测结果,并复习相关国内外文献.结果 先证者,女,45日龄,生后黄疸消褪延迟伴便秘.甲状腺功能检测提示为CH,同时发现TG水平增高.基因检测结果显示患儿TG基因存在c....     

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目的提高对儿童原发性干燥综合征(pSS)并发慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)的认识。方法报告北京协和医院儿科收治1例儿童pSS并发CAG的病例,并复习相关文献。结果儿童pSS亦可并发CAG,而部分CAG可发生癌变,因此确诊CAG后应及时治疗并定期随访。对于胃镜组织病理学检查呈重度肠上皮化生和不典型增生者,应考虑手术切除。结论对于儿童pSS内脏受累应加强认识,争取早期诊断,及时进行治疗,以改善预后。     

West syndrome associated with Down syndrome: Case report and literature review

West syndrome is the most frequent cause of epilepsy in Down syndrome. West syndrome is often associated with poor long-term prognosis in most of children. We report a girl with West syndrome associated with Down syndrome which occurred at 8 months of age for repetitive flexor spasms and electroencephalography (EEG) showed hypsarrhythmia. She had Down syndrome facies, microcephaly, psychomotor development delay and axial hypotonia. Computed tomography of the brain was normal. Her karyotype was 47, XX, +21. Phenobarbital therapy was immediately effective with good clinical control of seizures, while the EEG monitored after one month was unchanged. At 2 years of age, the patient had hypertonic status epilepticus following a lung infection. The EEG showed a persistence of hypsarrhythmia. Sodium valproate and hydrocortisone therapy was effective with good seizure control but her psychomotor development was severely impaired. After a follow-up of 7 years, the patient presents growth retardation, microcephaly, severe psychomotor development delay, generalized hypotonia and tetraparesis. Knowledge of West syndrome in Down syndrome allows the early detection and prompt management of this neurological complication in order to optimize psychomotor development and improve the quality of life of these children.     

Gitelman综合征合并肾病综合征1例报告并文献复习

目的总结SLC12A3基因变异致Gitelman综合征的诊断和治疗。方法回顾分析1例Gitelman综合征合并原发性肾病综合征患儿的临床资料,系统复习Gitelman综合征合并蛋白尿文献。结果6岁男性患儿,因肾病综合征复发就诊,持续低钾血症,同时伴尿钠及尿钾排出增多,低镁血症,代谢性碱中毒,低尿钙症,肾素血管紧张素系统激活,血压无异常,无特殊用药史及家族史。全外显子测序发现患儿16号染色体1号外显子SLC12A3基因存在c.179C>T(p.T60M)纯合错义变异(NM_000339),其父母均为携带者;ACMG评分为致病性突变。患儿确诊为肾病综合征合并Gitelman综合征。结论重视Gitelman综合征蛋白尿的评估和随访,保护肾功能。     

儿童原发性免疫缺陷合并马内菲青霉菌病1例并文献复习

目的提高儿童马内菲青霉菌病的临床诊断水平。方法回顾分析1例原发性免疫缺陷病合并马内菲青霉菌病患儿的临床资料并进行相关文献复习。结果反复发热、"肺炎"、肝脾进行性肿大、皮疹、免疫功能低下等为马内菲青霉菌病的基本特征,骨髓细胞形态学检查见马内菲青霉菌及血液真菌培养发现马内菲青霉菌生长是确诊依据。结论认识马内菲青霉菌病的临床特征,避免漏诊、误诊。     

X 染色体连续缺失致慢性肉芽肿病和 Mcleod 综合征 2 例报告并文献复习

目的探讨X染色体连续缺失所致的与X连锁慢性肉芽肿病(X-CGD)相关的Mcleod综合征的临床特征。方法回顾分析2例经基因分析诊断为Mcleod综合征和X连锁慢性肉芽肿病患儿的临床资料。结果两例男性患儿分别为4岁1个月及1岁9个月,均以迁延性肺内感染入院,既往有反复重症感染史,均有卡介苗相关淋巴结炎,因呼吸爆发缺陷和CYBB基因全外显子缺失明确诊断为X连锁慢性肉芽肿病。患儿同时有运动落后,用MLPA方法分别检测到DMD基因外显子1-44及肌肉特异性启动子区及外显子1-2缺失,诊断为Duchenne型肌营养不良(DMD)。例1外周血涂片有明显棘状红细胞,例2 XK基因突变分析为全外显子缺失,诊断为Mcleod综合征。结论 X染色体连续缺失可导致Mcleod综合征及DMD和X-CGD的组合,使病情复杂化。由于缺乏Kx抗原,反复输普通血会产生相关抗体,出现急骤的输血危象。     

Epstein-Barr virus-associated peripheral T-cell lymphoma and hemophagocytic syndrome arising after liver transplantation: case report and review of the literature

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a well-recognized complication of solid organ transplantation. The vast majority of PTLD are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related infections that manifest as B-cell malignancies. We report an unusual case of an EBV-associated T-cell lymphoma in a 10-year-old boy who had previously undergone liver transplantation at age 4 years. He presented with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) and active EBV infection, with positive serum titers and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for EBV in blood, colon, and antral samples.     

Drug-induced enterocolitis syndrome: A rare,severe, non-IgE-mediated immediate drug allergy. Case report and literature review

We report the case of a 4-year-old child who presented with vomiting, abdominal pain, and intense pallor 2 h after amoxicillin ingestion. An IgE-mediated reaction was suspected at first, which was finally diagnosed as a drug-induced enterocolitis syndrome. In this rare and poorly described non-IgE-mediated drug allergy, adrenaline is not effective. This diagnostic challenge must be known in order to administer adequate treatment, i.e., antiemetic drugs (ondansetron) and fluid challenge.