髋臼横韧带定位髋臼假体前倾校正骨盆旋转

目的通过观察后外侧入路全髋关节置换术中骨盆的旋转变化，探讨术中骨盆旋转对髋臼假体前倾角植入的影响，评估使用髋臼横韧带作髋臼假体前倾定位的准确性以及对骨盆旋转角度变化的校正作用。 方法2015年1月至2016年1月河池市第三人民医院关节外科收治的行初次THA的40例44髋的髋关节疾病患者纳入本研究。纳入标准为：初次THA术的患者，术前、术后CT扫描质量符合标准、能确定髋臼解剖前倾角、髋臼假体前倾角的患者。排除标准：髋臼发育不良、强直性脊柱炎、既往有髋关节严重创伤手术史以及翻修术等，术前、术后双髋关节CT扫描，CT横断面上骨盆明显倾斜、两侧髋关节的中心显示明显不在同一层面、难以确定水平线测量前倾角的患者，予以排除。手术均采用侧卧位后外侧入路，切皮前将1枚施氏针以垂直于地面方向打入髂骨嵴，术中髋臼假体的前倾角，以髋臼横韧带为参照标志，通过直接参照或间接参照髋臼横韧带进行髋臼挫磨及安装臼杯，使髋臼假体开口平行韧带进行安放，在此过程中用摄像机记录施氏针相对于地面的角度变化，确定手术过程中骨盆旋转度数，同时测量并记录挫磨髋臼及安放假体时，相对于身体长轴髋臼手术前倾角的数值。术后通过CT测量髋臼假体前倾角，对术中手术前倾角和术后髋臼假体的前倾角、术前髋臼解剖前倾角数据进行t检验分析。 结果术中骨盆旋转发生在本研究中的平均度数为(18±4)°。44个髋关节中，所有的病例都能对髋臼横韧带进行辨认，术中手术前倾角平均为(33±5)°，有93%(41髋)的病例大于Lewinnek提出的"安全区"的前倾角上限25°，余下的7%(3个髋)也全部大于24°。术后CT测量髋臼假体的解剖前倾角为(21±10)°，与术前髋臼解剖前倾角度(19±7)°比较，差异无统计学意义(t＝1.264，P >0.05)。 结论在后外侧入路THA术中，体位改变骨盆前旋转会影响髋臼假体植入的准确性，使用髋臼横韧带作为解剖标志指导髋臼假体前倾角度的植入，可以排除患者体位改变骨盆旋转对前倾角的影响，提高髋臼假体放置的准确性。     

髋臼重建治疗Crowe Ⅲ型髋臼发育不良

目的 探讨髋臼重建治疗Crowe Ⅲ型髋臼发育不良的手术方法及疗效.方法 2001年1月至2007年6月43例(54髋)Crowe Ⅲ型髋臼发育不良继发骨关节炎患者接受全髋关节置换术治疗.术前Harris评分平均39分.髋臼重建方法包括单纯加深或穿透髋臼(A组)27例(34髋)、髋臼内壁截骨(B组)12例(15髋)、髋臼自体股骨头植骨(C组)4例(5髋).分别记录每种重建方法的手术时间、出血量、并发症.术后随访进行放射学及临床疗效评估.结果 40例(50髋)患者获得完整随访,随访时间平均29个月.在术后3～5个月随访时截骨和植骨已愈合.摄x线片测量A、B、C组重建方式的髋臼外倾角分别为(41.0±7.5)°,(46.0 ±7.7)°,(39.0±11.0)°;前倾角分别为(10.0±2.8)°,(9.0±2.5)°,(4.0±1.9)°;旋转中心上移分别为(8.4±3.6)mm,(7.3 ±2.6)mm,(1.2±0.5)mm;旋转中心内移分别为(7.0±1.5)mm,(9.9 ±1.7)mm,(-2.7 ±1.2)mm.A、B、C组末次随访平均Harris评分分别为B9、91、86分.随访患者中2例发生下肢深静脉血栓,2例可疑肺栓塞,4例坐骨神经麻痹.结论 单纯加深或穿透髋臼、髋臼内壁截骨、自体股骨头植骨是Crowe Ⅲ 型髋臼发育不良髋臼重建的有效方法.应根据术前评估、术中具体情况采用相应的重建方法.     

髋臼横韧带可作为臼杯前倾角安放的参考

目的通过对骨盆CT及三维重建图像测量髋臼横韧带(TAL)的解剖学前倾角,以明确其是否可以作为臼杯前倾角安放的参考。 方法研究选取自2017年1月至2018年12月行骨盆CT三维重建且无明显骨性解剖异常的成年人共87例(174髋),其中男49例(98髋),女38例(76髋)。通过三维重建图像测量TAL解剖学前倾角,比较性别、左右侧别及年龄差异,统计位于安全区内的比例。测量髋臼解剖学前倾角,比较其与髋臼横韧带之间的差异。应用独立样本t检验或配对t检验比较性别及侧别间差异,应用单向方差分析比较年龄组间的差异。 结果髋臼解剖学前倾角的均值为(22±4)°,性别之间(t＝-1.491)及侧别组间(t＝-1.518)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TAL解剖学前倾角均值为(18±5)°,性别之间(t＝-0.319)、侧别之间(t＝-1.437)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),年龄组间差异亦无统计学意义(F ＝0.828,P>0.05),位于安全区内的比例为98.85%。TAL解剖学前倾角小于髋臼解剖学前倾角,差异有统计学意义(t＝7.859,P<0.001)。 结论在无髋臼发育异常患者中,TAL可以作为全髋关节置换术中臼杯前倾角安放的参考。     

Comparison of extracapsular pseudotumors seen in magnetic resonance imaging and in revision surgery of 167 failed metal-on-metal hip replacements

Background and purpose It is controversial whether the transverse acetabular ligament (TAL) is a reliable guide for determining the cup orientation during total hip arthroplasty (THA). We investigated the variations in TAL anatomy and the TAL-guided cup orientation.

Methods 80 hips with osteoarthritis secondary to hip dysplasia (OA) and 80 hips with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ON) were examined. We compared the anatomical anteversion of TAL and the TAL-guided cup orientation in relation to both disease and gender using 3D reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images.

Results Mean TAL anteversion was 11° (SD 10, range –12 to 35). The OA group (least-square mean 16°, 95% confidence interval (CI): 14–18) had larger anteversion than the ON group (least-square mean 6.2°, CI: 3.8 – 7.5). Females (least-square mean 20°, CI: 17–23) had larger anteversion than males (least-square mean 7.0°, CI: 4.6–9.3) in the OA group, while there were no differences between the sexes in the ON group. When TAL was used for anteversion guidance with the radiographic cup inclination fixed at 40°, 39% of OA hips and 9% of ON hips had more than 10° variance from the target anteversion, which was 15°.

Interpretation In ON hips, TAL is a good guide for determining cup orientation during THA, although it is not a reliable guide in hips with OA secondary to dysplasia. This is because TAL orientation has large individual variation and is influenced by disease and gender.     

3D技术辅助钽金属块植入修复严重髋臼骨缺损的早期疗效

目的探讨髋关节翻修术中应用3D技术辅助植入钽金属块治疗PaproskyⅢ型髋臼骨缺损的早期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2013年5月至2017年7月收治的伴有PaproskyⅢ型髋臼骨缺损的髋关节翻修术16例(18髋),男11例,女5例;年龄(58.06±8.29)岁(范围44~69岁)。感染性松动3髋,无菌性松动15髋;PaproskyⅢA型骨缺损13髋,ⅢB型骨缺损5髋。术前使用3D技术进行精确规划,术中应用钽金属块和臼杯修复髋臼骨缺损。测量并比较手术前后髋关节臼杯的前倾角、外展角、患侧与对侧旋转中心垂直距离比值、旋转中心水平距离比值、股骨偏心距比值的差异,比较手术前后臼杯位于Lewinnek安全区内的比例,观察术后髋关节影像学松动的表现。采用Harris髋关节评分评价术后6个月及末次随访时的髋关节功能。结果臼杯位于lewinnek安全区内的比例由术前的22%(4/18)提高至术后的61%(11/18),差异有统计学意义(P=0.018)。术后患侧髋臼前倾角为11.99°±6.91°(范围1.71°~26.36°),外展角为44.91°±5.93°(范围35.6°~56.0°);患侧与对侧旋转中心垂直距离比值为1.10±0.20(范围0.87~1.62)、水平距离比值为1.00±0.18(范围0.69~1.46)、股骨偏心距比值为1.01±0.66(范围0.51~3.56)。所有患者均获得随访,随访时间为(27.72±12.18)个月(范围14~53个月)。术后6个月Harris髋关节评分为(77.28±4.80)分(范围65~85分),末次随访时为(80.9±5.2)分(范围69~89分)。随访期间所有患者均未出现假体周围感染、脱位及无菌性松动等并发症。结论3D技术辅助钽金属块植入修复严重髋臼骨缺损能够提高髋关节假体安放的准确性,术后早期假体稳定无松动,有利于髋关节功能的恢复。     

Monolithic Dual Mobility Cup Total Hip Arthroplasty Has High Complication Rates With Surgical Fixation in Elderly With Femur Neck Fracture

BackgroundThis study is prospectively conducted to evaluate surgical complications of monolithic dual mobility cup total hip arthroplasty (THA) in elderly patients with fractured neck of the femur.MethodsNinety-seven patients (97 hips) with displaced femoral neck fracture who gave informed consent for participation were prospectively enrolled. Their mean age was 76.6 years (range, 60-95 years), and the mean bone mineral density T-score of neck of the femur was −2.8 (range, −1.2 to −5.5). All patients underwent THA with monolithic dual mobility cup, and computed tomography scans were obtained to evaluate radiographic parameters including anteversion, inclination, and loosening of acetabular cups, and periprosthetic acetabular fractures.ResultsWith regard to cup orientation, mean inclination angle was 40.2° (range, 23.5°-63°) and mean anteversion was 32.6° (range, 7°-66.2°). The proportion of surgical outliers was 10.3% (10/97) in inclination and 35.1% (34/97) in anteversion. Early cup loosening within 2 weeks was detected in 2 hips. Periprosthetic acetabular fractures were identified in 6 hips (6/97, 6.2%). Of the 6 fractures, 5 nondisplaced fractures were healed with conservative management, but 1 fracture with displacement eventually led to cup loosening and the patient underwent revision surgery. Reoperation rate of the monolithic dual mobility cup was 4.1% (4/97).ConclusionThe use of the monolithic dual mobility was associated with improper cup fixation and periprosthetic acetabular fractures in the elderly with poor bone stock, although the dual mobility cup lowered the risk of early dislocation after THA.     

Accurate Acetabular Component Orientation After Total Hip Arthroplasty Using an Acetabular Alignment Guide

Between February 2005 and August 2006, we recorded acetabular component orientation in 90 patients (100 hips) who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), to determine whether using an alignment guide ensures accurate acetabular positioning. In the alignment-guide group (46 patients; 48 hips), a guide was placed on the pelvis, a Kirschner wire (K-wire) was attached to the guide, and orientation of the acetabular component was confirmed by both the surgeon and an assistant. In the control group (44 patients; 52 hips), a K-wire was not used and the angle was confirmed by the surgeon alone. Radiographic acetabular component inclination and anteversion and computed tomography anteversion were determined. There was no significant difference in mean component orientation between the 2 groups. However, the SD was significantly smaller in the alignment-guide group, showing that consistent acetabular component orientation in primary THA is highly reproducible when an acetabular alignment guide with an attached K-wire is used.     

应用非骨水泥髋臼或金属髋臼支架行髋关节翻修术的临床研究

目的 评估非骨水泥髋臼及金属髋臼支架加植骨修复髋臼骨缺损的效果.方法 我院自2001年9月至2008年9月应用髋臼翻修支架行髋关节翻修术22例(24髋).其中Lima非骨水泥人工翻修髋臼2例(2髋),Kerboull 支架2例(2髋),GAP 髋臼翻修支架18例(20髋).男性6例(6髋),女性16例(18髋).平均年龄62岁(34～79岁).感染性松动2例(2髋),无菌松动20例(22髋).平均随访时间48个月(18～84个月),对其进行临床和影像学评估.Harris评分术前平均为56分(44～75分).结果 末次随访时22例患者Harris评分平均为89分(78～94分).优良率为95.5%(21/22).三种髋臼翻修支架的外展角满意,髋臼旋转中心基本得到了重建.髋臼翻修支架及其聚氯乙烯臼无明显移位,假体周围无透亮线,髋臼植骨愈合良好.结论 应用非骨水泥髋臼或髋臼支架修复髋臼侧巨大骨缺损,重建了髋臼正常旋转中心、提供了翻修假体的初期稳定性、避免了所植骨在血管化时期的过度机械负重,是翻修髋臼巨大骨缺损的可靠方法.     

Clinical observation of particulate cancellous bone impaction grafting in combination with total hip arthroplasty for acetabular reconstruction

Objective： To investigate the effect of particulate cancellous bone impaction grafting in combination with total hip arthroplasty （THA） for acetabular reconstruction in patients with posttraumatic arthritis and bone loss after acetabular fractures.
Methods： Totally 15 consecutive cases with unilateral acetabular fracture were treated with bone impaction grafting in combination with THA in our department. There were 10 males and 5 females with mean age of 48.2 years （ranging from 36 to 73 years）. Eight cases had the fracture at left hips, 7 at right hips. The average age at injury was 28 years （ranging from 18 to 68 years）. The mean follow-up period was 4.3 years （ranging from 2 to 7 years）. Results： Compared with mean 42 points （ranging from 10 to 62） of the preoperative Harris score, the survival cases at the final follow-up had mean 84 points （ranging from 58 to 98）. One patient had mild pain in the hip. No revision of the acetabular or femoral component was undertaken during the follow-up. Normal rotational centre of most hips was recovered except 2 cases in which it was 0.8 mm higher than that in opposite side. All of them had a stable radiographic appearance. Progressive radiolucent lines were observed in Ⅰ,Ⅲ zones in 2 cases. One patient had a nonprogressive radiolucent line in zone Ⅲ. The cup prosthesis was obviously displaced （6 mm） in one patient, but had not been revised.
Conclusion： Particulate cancellous bone impaction grafting in combination with THA as a biological solution is an attractive procedure for acetabular reconstruction in patients with posttraumatic arthritis and bone loss after acetabular fracture, which can not only restore acetabular bone stock but also repair normal hip anatomy and its function.     

全髋置换术中应用髋臼内壁环形截骨术治疗成人髋臼发育不良

目的评价全髋置换中应用髋臼内壁环形截骨固定非骨水泥髋臼杯治疗成人髋臼发育不良的疗效。方法对29例髋臼发育不良继发骨性关节炎患者(29髋)在全髋置换术中应用髋臼内壁环形截骨术。手术指征为术前X线髋臼覆盖率70%。非骨水泥髋臼杯全部安放在真臼位置,附加操作:软组织松解17髋,治疗性股骨截骨2髋,结构性植骨1髋,股骨短缩3髋。手术前后进行临床及X线参数评价。结果患者均获得随访,时间4~8年。Harris评分从术前36~75(68.4±8.49)分提高到85~100(92.2±4.05)分(P0.05);其中优25髋,良4髋。影像学观察髋臼内壁截骨处愈合时间3~5个月,术后6~12个月时骨重塑。X线检查显示没有无菌性松动和透亮线,真臼固定稳定。结论在非骨水泥全髋置换术治疗髋关节发育不良中,应用髋臼内壁环形截骨术可以提供良好的髋臼位置、足够的髋臼覆盖及保留足够内壁厚度,并且无需植骨。     

Acetabular cup positioning in revision total hip arthroplasty with Paprosky type III acetabular defects: Martell radiographic analysis

Purpose

This study evaluates acetabular cup position in the setting of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) with severe acetabular bone defects.

Methods

With a definition of safe zone of abduction (30–50°) and anteversion (5–25°), acetabular cup position was measured by a digital image analysis program for 34 patients with Paprosky type III acetabular bone defects.

Results

There were 24 cups (71 %) for abduction and 26 cups (76 %) for anteversion located in the safe zone. Nineteen cups (56 %) were within the safe zone for both abduction and anteversion. There was no dislocation, however one cup out of the safe zone resulted in early cup failure due to aseptic loosening.

Conclusions

The acetabular cup positioning in patients with Paprosky type III defects was 'optimal' in half of the cases. The prevalence of optimal acetabular cup position was similar to those reported in primary THA, suggesting that the presence of a large acetabular bone defect may not be a significant risk factor for suboptimal acetabular cup positioning in the setting of revision THA.     

虚拟影像导航系统对提高髋臼假体植入精度的临床观察

目的研究非影像手术导航系统对髋臼假体植入位置精度的影响。方法2004年2月～2006年4月收治23例(26髋)髋关节病变患者,采用在无影像手术导航下开展全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)进行治疗。男14例,女9例;年龄28～55岁。其中类风湿性关节炎3例(3髋),股骨头坏死6例(7髋),骨性关节炎14例(16髋)。随机分为两组:计算机导航组11例13髋,在无影像手术导航下行THA;对照组12例13髋,采用传统THA。设定髋臼最佳植入股骨外展角45°,前倾角为15°。术后测定假体植入的角度。结果术后无骨折、脱位、感染及坐骨神经损伤。计算机导航组的髋臼前倾角为15.4±1.4°,外展角为45.5±1.3°;对照组髋臼前倾角为13.9±7.6°,外展角为43.7±6.4°;比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且计算机导航组的角度值比对照组更接近和集中于设定值。23例均获随访10～40个月,平均26个月。Harris评分计算机导航组为85～100分(平均95分),优11髋,良2髋;对照组为75～100分(平均92分),优9髋,良3髋,中1髋;两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论无影像手术导航系统下可以精确地植入髋臼假体,减少假体松动的发生,具有重要的临床价值。     

The Influence of Pelvic Tilt on the Anteversion Angle of the Acetabular Prosthesis

The concept of the “safe area” of the acetabular prosthesis has a long history and has been recognized by many scholars. It is generally believed that postoperative hip dislocation rate is low, when the acetabular anteversion angle is placed in the range of 15° ± 10°. Despite this, hip dislocation is a common complication after total hip arthroplasty. In recent years, more and more scholars have paid attention to the influence of pelvic tilt on the acetabular anteversion angle. The concept of acetabular anteversion changes as the pelvic tilt changes, and is challenging the traditional acetabular prosthesis “safe area.” This study summarized the potential influencing factors of pelvic tilt and discussed the influence of the phenomenon on the anteversion angle of total hip arthroplasty (THA) acetabular prosthesis based on the literature review. We conclude that from the supine position to standing, followed by sitting, the pelvis tends to move backward. Pelvic sagittal activity, lumbar disease (ankylosing spondylitis), lumbar fusion (lumbar fusion, spine‐pelvic fusion), and other factors related to the tilt are THA risk factors for postoperative dislocation and revision. With the change of body position, the degree of acetabular anteversion is directly related to the degree of pelvic tilt. The acetabular anteversion varies greatly, which leads to increased hip prosthesis wear and even hip dislocation. The lateral X‐ray of the spine and pelvis is recommended in supine, standing, and sitting positions before THA. In addition, the pelvic tilt should be regarded as a reference of the acetabular prosthesis in the preoperative planning of THA.     

Accuracy of the acetabular index using the percutaneous assisted total hip technique

In minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty (THA), proper acetabular component positioning can be difficult to achieve without navigational or intraoperative radiographic methods. Acetabular components placed in excessive abduction can lead to early failure and dislocation. This article describes a series of 74 consecutive primary THAs (71 patients, 3 bilateral) performed using a percutaneous assisted THA technique that does not require navigation, yet allows adequate visualization for accurate acetabular cup placement. No patients were excluded (because of body mass index or abnormal anatomy) from the study. Mean abduction angle for all hips was 45°. The goal was acetabular abduction angle between 35° and 55°. This goal was achieved in 72 of the 74 hips (97.3%). Proper acetabular abduction angle can be achieved in the majority of cases using this new soft-tissue sparing approach for THA.     

大直径股骨头金属对金属全髋关节置换术的近期临床疗效

目的 评价大直径股骨头(大头)金属对金属全髋关节置换术治疗晚期髋关节疾病的近期疗效,回顾性分析影响该类全髋关节置换术临床疗效的因素.方法 对2007年10月至12月,采用大头金属对金属全髋关节置换术治疗晚期髋关节疾病患者41例(49髋)进行术后随访.临床评估以Harris评分为标准,记录患髋的活动范围及并发症发生情况.影像学评估根据随访骨盆X线片及患髋正、侧位X线片,测量髋臼外展角、前倾角,记录髋臼和股骨假体周围透亮线和骨溶解情况.结果 截至随访终点,共39例(47髋)获得2年以上随访,平均随访25个月,随访率为95.1%.Harris评分由术前的(43.8±13.1)分提高到末次随访时的(92.0±5.4)分.患髋活动度较术前明显改善,术后3个月屈髋由79.8°增加至110.2°,外展由20.9°增加至38.3°,外旋由12.0°增加至26.0°;术后2年屈髋平均可达113.2°,外展可达40.2°,外旋可达30.8°.术后患者轻度跛行3例,大腿不适2例,所有患者均无感染、假体周围骨折、术后假体松动或脱位、术后异位骨化发生.X线片显示:关节假体位置正常,髋臼假体外展角为39.5°±4.9°,前倾角为14.5°±2.1°,髋臼未见松动、移位.术后均未发现透亮线和假体周围骨溶解.结论 大头金属对金属全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节疾病具有良好的近期疗效,特别适用于活动量大、预期寿命较长的年轻患者.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes associated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-on-metal prosthesis with large diameter femoral head.Methods From October 2007 to December 2007,41 patients (49 hips) underwent large diameter femoral head metal-on-metal THA in our hospital were involved in this study.Clinical outcomes measures were Harris score,hip range of motion and incidence of complications.Abduction angle and anteversion angle of cup were measured on radiological films.The radiolucent line and osteolysis around the prosthesis were also recorded.Results Thirty-nine patients (47 hips) were followed up at least 2 years.The average Harris hip score had improved from (43.8±13.1) points preoperatively to (92.0±5.4) points at final follow-up.All the patients had attained satisfactory results.No late complication happened.For the rang of motion at final follow-up:flexion of the hip had improved from 79.8° to 113.2°,abduction had improved from 20.9° to 40.2°,external rotation had improved from 12.0° to 30.8°.Radiological measurement showed the mean abduction angle of cup was 39.5°±4.9°,the mean anteversion angle of cup was 14.5°±2.1°.No radiolucent line and osteolysis were found after THA.Conclusion The short-term effects of THA using metal-on-metal prosthesis with large diameter femoral head is encouraging,especially for young patients.     

Value of Computed Tomography-Based Three-Dimensional Pre-operative Planning in Cup Placement in Total Hip Arthroplasty With Dysplastic Acetabulum

Abstract

Objects: To investigate the value of CT-based 3D templating software for pre-operative planning in patients with acetabular dysplasia undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of a single surgeon’s cohort of patients with Crowe I to III developmental dysplastic hip (49 hips in 41 patients) who underwent cementless primary THA and were available for follow-up at a mean of 2.7 years after THA. We analyzed the accuracy of cup size prediction, the reliability of pre- and post-operative cup orientation and position of reconstructed rotation center using CT-based 3D templating software. Post-operative Harris Hip Score and lower limb discrepancy was obtained at the last follow-up. Results: The sizes of 71% of the cup components (35/49) were estimated exactly, and 100% of the cup size estimates were accurate to within one-cup size. There was good reproducibility of pre- and post-operative position of reconstructed rotation center (correlation coefficient r?=?0.396 for vertical position, p?=?0.005; r?=?0.326 for horizontal position, p?=?0.024). There was no substantial agreement between the planned acetabular orientation and that measured post-operatively (correlation coefficient –0.174 for inclination and 0.045 for anteversion). There were 44 (90%) excellent or good results according to HHS. Seven patients (14%) reported lower limb discrepancy. Conclusions: Pre-operative CT-based 3D templating made it possible to predict accurate cup size and achieve reproducible cup position in patients with dysplastic acetabulum. The reproducibility of cup orientation could not be demonstrated in this study.     

Postoperative acetabular retroversion causes posterior osteoarthritis of the hip

We retrospectively reviewed 68 hips in 62 patients with acetabular dysplasia who underwent curved periacetabular osteotomy. Among the 68 hips, 33 had acetabular retroversion (retroversion group) and 35 had anteversion (control group) preoperatively. All hips were evaluated according to the Harris hip score. Radiographic evaluations of acetabular retroversion and posterior wall deficiency were based on the cross-over sign and posterior wall sign, respectively. The clinical scores of the two groups at the final follow-up were similar. In the retroversion group, 12 hips had anteverted acetabulum postoperatively. The posterior wall sign disappeared in these hips, but remained in 21 hips with retroverted acetabulum postoperatively. Among the 21 hips with retroverted acetabulum, posterior osteoarthritis of the hip developed postoperatively in five hips. When performing corrective osteotomy for a dysplastic hip with acetabular retroversion, it is important to correct the acetabular retroversion to prevent posterior osteoarthritis of the hip due to posterior wall deficiency.     

Is Robotic-Assisted Technology Still Accurate in Total Hip Arthroplasty for Fibrous-Fused Hips?

BackgroundTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) for fibrous-fused hips is technically demanding. This study aimed to evaluate the precision and accuracy, as well as the rate of conversion of robotic-assisted THA in such difficult patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 67 patients (84 hips) who underwent THA with fibrous-fused hips between August 2018 and June 2021 at our institution. Demographics, acetabular cup positioning, leg-length discrepancies, and postoperative Harris hip scores were recorded for all patients. Thirty-six patients (44 hips) who underwent robotic-assisted THA and 31 patients (40 hips) who underwent manual THA were enrolled in this study.ResultsThe robot accurately executed the preoperative plan, and there were no statistically significant differences between the preoperative planned anteversion, inclination, and postoperative measurements. In the robotic group, the percentage of acetabular cups in the safe zone was significantly higher than in the manual group (87.2 versus 55%, respectively, P = .042). The rate of conversion to manual THA for various reasons in the robotic-assisted THA group was 11.4% (5/44). Compared with manual THA, the mean increase in operative time for conversion from robotic-assisted to manual THA was 24 min (P < .001).ConclusionIn patients who have fibrous-fused hips, preoperative planning can be accurately executed by robotic-assisted technology. Compared with manual THA, robotic-assisted THA had a remarkable advantage in improving the frequency of achieving cup positioning within the target zone. Overall, robotic-assisted technology was helpful in such difficult cases, and the approximately 11.4% of cases converted to manual THA are reminders that surgeons should be thoroughly prepared preoperatively.     

髋关节发育不良的髋臼重建

目的　总结采用全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎和功能障碍的经验。方法　 1998年 4月至 2 0 0 2年 4月 ,对 96例 112髋 (双侧 16例 )成人髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎患者进行了全髋关节置换术。其中 ,半脱位 73髋 ,低位脱位 18髋 ,高位脱位 2 1髋。髋臼侧均采用真臼位置重建 ,其中骨水泥固定 16髋 ,非骨水泥固定 96髋 ,植骨 11髋 ;采用常规置换 83髋 ;磨削加深髋臼后 ,安置小号髋臼假体 2 7髋 ;髋臼外上缘自体股骨头植骨加深髋臼后 ,安置小号髋臼假体 2髋。结果　患者术后伤口均一期愈合 ,未发生感染或血管神经损伤 ,患肢长度平均延长 1 7cm。随访 85例 98髋 ,平均随访 3 5年 ,关节疼痛缓解 ,活动功能满意 ,Harris评分由术前的平均 33 9分恢复到平均 89 3分 ,无假体松动和翻修病例。X线片显示 ,关节假体位置正常 ,人工髋臼的平均外展角4 4° ,宿主骨对臼杯的平均覆盖率为 96 6 % ,金属臼杯与宿主髋臼之间未见透光线 ;11髋髋臼侧植骨病例中 ,植骨块与宿主骨愈合良好 ,未见骨吸收现象。结论　全髋关节置换术是治疗髋关节发育不良继发骨关节炎患者的有效方法 ;术前应充分考虑髋关节发育不良的原发及继发性病理改变 ,尽可能在真臼位置重建髋臼     

先天性髋脱位髋臼前倾角的CT测量

目的 探讨先天性髋脱位髋臼前倾角的变化。方法 对18例先天性单侧髋脱位患儿作CT检查，比较其侧与健侧的髋臼前倾角；18例患儿均做手术切开复位，对其中6例患儿术后半年作CT随访，比较其手术前后髋臼前倾角的变化。结果 患侧的髋臼倾角与健侧比较，差异无显著性。手术可改变髋臼前倾角，部分会至异常范围。结论 先天性髋脱位的髋臼前倾角与正常相似，在手术复位过程中髋臼前倾角会有改变。