经尿道前列腺电切术后排尿困难的原因、治疗和预防

目的探讨经尿道前列腺电切（transurethral resection of prostate,TURP）术后排尿困难的原因、治疗和预防。方法回顾分析2004年8月～2008年9月49例TURP术后出现排尿困难的临床资料。结果6例因为拔除尿管后膀胱颈和尿道水肿再次留置较细硅胶尿管,9例术后前列腺迟发出血未及时就诊予以膀胱冲洗后留置尿管,20例尿道外口狭窄予以尿道扩张或尿道外口切开,5例尿道其他部位狭窄予以尿道扩张,4例膀胱颈挛缩予以冷刀切开或扩尿道治疗,5例前列腺术后腺体残留4例予以再次电切,1例因结肠癌晚期长期卧床行膀胱造瘘术。结论TURP术后并发排尿困难,以尿道外口狭窄多见,尿道扩张是常用而有效的首选治疗方法。     

经尿道前列腺电切术后膀胱颈挛缩的防治

目的:探讨经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)后膀胱颈挛缩(BNC)的防治。方法:回顾性分析68例BNC患者的诊断和治疗临床资料。结果:经尿道行膀胱颈后唇切除,用冷刀切开膀胱颈部,再换用电切刀切除瘢痕组织。术后平均随访36个月,一次手术治愈60例(89%);复发8例(11%),经再次或三次手术治愈。结论:腔内手术治疗TURP术后BNC是一种安全、有效的方法。     

前列腺电切加膀胱颈内切开治疗小前列腺增生

目的 探讨小体积良性前列腺增生治疗方法的选择。方法 回顾性分析45例小体积良性前列腺增生患者经尿道前列腺电切加膀胱颈内切开术治疗的临床资料。结果 术前IPSS评分23.3±4.8,Qmax(8.1±2.8)ml/s。术后IPSS6.9±3.5,Qmax(19.5±4.6)ml/s,无电切综合症发生。结论 小体积良性前列腺增生患者单纯TURP术、经尿道前列腺切开术或开放手术,术后膀胱颈挛缩发生率高,TURP加膀胱颈内切开是理想的选择。     

经尿道前列腺电切术并发症的防治

经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)是目前世界公认的外科治疗BPH的金标准,本文对TURP并发症的发生及预防措施进行综述。TURP术中出血、前列腺穿孔及冲洗液外渗、TUR综合征的发生与术后出血、尿失禁、膀胱颈挛缩的发生密切相关,所以,掌握电切的深度、彻底止血、避免前列腺包膜穿孔,是预防TURP术后并发症发佳的技术关键;人工尿道括约肌是治疗永久性尿失禁的最佳选择。为了预防术后出现膀胱颈挛缩,作TURP时行膀胱颈环行纤维切开术是一种理想的选择。     

小体积前列腺增生的手术治疗

目的:探讨对小体积前列腺增生的手术治疗方法。方法:对32例小体积前列腺增生患者,在行经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)的同时,行膀胱颈环状纤维5、7点放射状切开。结果:术后随访6~18个月(平均12个月),IPSS评分及最大尿流率均得到明显改善,无一例出现膀胱颈挛缩。结论:TURP加膀胱颈环状纤维放射状切开,是治疗小体积前列腺增生引起的膀胱出口梗阻,并预防术后膀胱颈挛缩较理想的方法。     

经尿道前列腺汽化电切术后尿道狭窄的防治

1 资料与方法 我院于1999-05以来,利用经尿道电切或汽化电切术(TURP/TUVP)治疗良性前列腺增生症(BPH)218例,术后14例(6.4％)发生不同程度尿道狭窄,经尿道扩张,直视下冷刀切开加电切等治疗,效果良好,年龄53～86(平均71.5)岁,全部为BPH经TURP/TUVP手术后患者,其中术后尿道外口狭窄者7例,尿道海绵体部狭窄者3例,尿道前列腺部狭窄者1例,膀胱颈部狭窄者3     

前列腺电气化切除术后尿道狭窄治疗分析

目的 探讨前列腺电气化切除术后尿道狭窄预防及治疗措施.方法 2005年8月至2009年6月,共进行经尿道前列腺电气化切除术(TURVP)369例,随访分析其术后尿道狭窄的发生率及其治疗情况.结果 368例完成TURVP手术,1例改为开放耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除.在随访的301例患者中,共发生尿道狭窄和膀胱颈部挛缩17例(5.65%),其中7例采用尿道扩张,3例尿道内冷刀切开,7例经尿道电切术,无开放手术,治疗效果良好.结论 TURVP术后尿道狭窄,经过尿道扩张或经尿道内冷刀切开或电切治疗,效果及预后均良好.需早发现,早处理,避免病情复杂化,减少开放手术可能性.     

经尿道前列腺电切术后远期血尿38例报告

目的:探讨经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)后发生远期血尿的原因及临床处理方法。方法:回顾性分析38例TURP后发生远期血尿患者的临床资料:年龄65~86岁,平均75岁,经TURP术后发生远期血尿时间6~80个月,平均22个月。其中终末血尿10例,全程血尿28例。结果:前列腺增生导致血尿27例,再次行TURP后治愈;腺性膀胱炎导致血尿2例,行TURP+丝裂霉素灌注3个月后治愈;膀胱颈挛缩导致血尿3例,行经尿道膀胱颈挛缩内切开+TURP后治愈;前列腺癌导致血尿5例,行去势术+内分泌治疗,4例终因肿瘤广泛转移死亡;膀胱颈部及窝内结石导致血尿1例,行取石+TURP后治愈。结论:TURP近期手术效果佳,远期仍有并发症或继发病变出现,需定期复查,积极处理。     

良性前列腺增生术后排尿困难的原因与处理分析

目的 探讨良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)患者术后排尿困难的发生原因及处理方法.方法 回顾性分析70例前列腺增生手术后排尿困难患者的临床资料(开放手术15例,经尿道前列腺电切术和经尿道前列腺汽化术55例).70例患者中尿道狭窄29例,膀胱颈尿道口狭窄和/或挛缩23例,膀胱颈尿道水肿3例,前列腺尖部腺体残留5例,BPH复发3例,膀胱逼尿肌无力4例,神经源性功能障碍1例,逼尿肌-尿道外括约肌协同失调2例.手术治疗60例.结果 60例手术全部成功.术后随访2～24个月,平均6个月,均排尿通畅. 9例患者保守药物治疗后排尿困难缓解.膀胱造瘘1例.结论 BPH患者术后排尿困难的主要原因是尿道狭窄、膀胱颈尿道口狭窄或挛缩及膀胱颈尿道水肿、腺体残留、BPH复发及膀胱功能障碍.手术及药物治疗是解决BPH术后排尿困难的重要措施.     

经尿道前列腺电切术和汽化电切术并发症48例分析

目的 分析经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）与经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（TVP）术中、术后常见并发症的原因、预防及治疗，提高手术安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性分析1999年5月-2006年6月我院TURP和TVP术48例并发症患者的临床资料。结果 平均手术时间75min，平均切除组织41g。术中、术后出血20例，电切综合征（TURS）5例，暂时性尿失禁11例，膀胱颈部挛缩5例，尿道狭窄8例，尿路感染7例，膀胱穿孔1例。结论 TURP和TVP是良性前列腺增生症安全有效的外科治疗方法，术前详细采集病史，术中正确操作。术后对病人正确指导及处理可有效减少手术并发症。     

经尿道前列腺电切术后膀胱颈挛缩多因素分析

目的 :对经尿道前列腺电切术 (TURP)后膀胱颈挛缩 (BNC)发生的各种可能因素进行分析 ,探讨减少该并发症的途径。　方法 :对 10 17例行TURP患者中发生BNC的 2 4例进行统计学分析 ,在手术方法、前列腺电切重量、单位时间前列腺组织电切重量、置管时间、高频发生器类型及有无糖尿病、尿潴留及前列腺炎等方面进行比较 ,了解其可能发生的因素。　结果 :TURP术后BNC发生率明显高于开放手术病例 ,小前列腺、单位电切时间长、高频发生器功率大及术前前列腺炎患者易发生BNC(P <0 .0 5 ) ,而术前尿潴留、糖尿病及术后置管时间对BNC发生无明显影响 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :小前列腺、前列腺炎及电流损伤是发生BNC的重要因素 ,患者的选择及熟练精确的电切技术可减少BNC的发生。     

TURP术后膀胱颈挛缩的原因分析及预防

目的对经尿道前列腺电切术（transurethral resection of prostate，TURP）后发生膀胱颈挛缩（bladder neck contracture，BNC）的原因进行分析，提出预防措施。方法将TURP术后发生BNC的28例与同期未发生BNC的60例患者进行比较。结果小前列腺、切除的前列腺重量轻、合并前列腺炎、单位时间内电切重量小者均易发生BNC（P〈0．05）。结论小前列腺、合并有前列腺炎及操作不熟练是BNC的可能原因，可采取严格手术适应证、提高操作技能、膀胱颈预切开等方法加以预防。     

经尿道前列腺切除术后患者再次入院的诊治分析

目的探讨经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）后患者再入院的原因和治疗方法。方法采用回顾性的临床研究方法,分析2004年5月至2011年3月良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者行TURP后再次入院的比率、原因和治疗方法。结果 1604例前列腺电切术后再入院93例,约占接受手术治疗者的5.8%,平均再入院时间17个月。其中膀胱颈疤痕狭窄18例,行膀胱镜下疤痕切除术;腺体复发42例,行再次TURP术;反复肉眼血尿并急性尿潴留17例,均在膀胱镜下行血块清除术;尿道狭窄16例,11例行尿道镜下冷刀内切开,5例行尿道外口切开术,术后联合定期尿道扩张治愈。结论 BPH患者行TURP后再次入院的比率为5.8%,腺体复发是TURP术后再入院的主要原因。术前准确诊断、合理选择手术方式及术中、术后正确处理是预防TURP术后再次入院的关键。     

手术治疗男性膀胱颈挛缩(附42例报告)

目的：探讨手术治疗男性膀胱颈挛缩的疗效。方法：回顾性分析男性膀胱颈挛缩手术方法的选择及其疗效。结果：行膀胱颈Y—V成形术2例，膀胱颈Y—V成形术加后唇楔形切除术2例，经耻骨上前列腺切除术22例，经尿道膀胱颈狭窄环切除(TUR)8例以及TUR加经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)8例。结论：TUR或TUR加TURP与其他手术治疗方法相比较，具有损伤小、出血少、疗效好、住院日短和康复快等优点。     

The incidence of urethral stricture and bladder neck contracture with transurethral resection vs. holmium laser enucleation of prostate: A matched,dual-center study

IntroductionUrethral strictures (US) and bladder neck contracture (BNC) are common, long-term complications of transurethral prostate surgery. We aimed to compare transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) regarding incidence of US or BNC and identify possible risk factors.MethodsA retrospective review of patients who underwent TURP and HoLEP with followup data of at least one year in two separate institutions was performed. The incidence of postoperative US or BNC in both groups was compared. Bivariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors in both cohorts with US or BNC were performed.ResultsThe study included 208 patients: 101 and 107 patients in the TURP and HoLEP arms, respectively. The two groups were matched for age and prostate size. Eight (7.92%) and five (4.72%) patients in the TURP and HoLEP arms, respectively, developed US (p=0.3423), while two (1.87%) patients in the HoLEP arm had BNC (p=0.2634). Of the eight patients with the US in the TURP arm, six (9.8%) had bipolar TURP, while two (5%) had monopolar TURP. Multivariate analysis showed that larger prostate volume (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 1.41, p=0.0066) and longer operative time (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.76, 1.93, p=0.0015) were associated with risk of US/BNC.ConclusionsThere is no significant difference between TURP and HoLEP regarding incidence of US or BNC, although there is a tendency towards a higher rate of US associated with bipolar TURP. Increased prostate volume and operative time are possible risk factors.

KEY MESSAGES

• We compared TURP and HoLEP regarding their incidence of US or BNC with matching patients for age and prostate volume and identified possible risk factors.
• The US incidence was comparable, although the incidence within the TURP arm was higher with bipolar than monopolar TURP.
• The BNC incidence was 1.87% in the HoLEP arm, while none of the patients in the TURP arm developed BNC (statistically insignificant).
• Multivariate analysis showed that larger prostate volume and longer operative time were associated with higher risk of US/BNC.

     

180-W GreenLight laser photoselective vaporization with multiple triamcinolone acetonide injections for the treatment of bladder neck contractures

Lasers in Medical Science - Bladder neck contracture (BNC), one of the most challenging complications after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and photoselective vaporization of the...     

经尿道前列腺电切术和汽化电切术并发症48例分析

目的分析经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）与经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（TVP）术中、术后常见并发症的原因、预防及治疗,提高手术安全性和有效性。方法回顾分析1999年5月-2006年6月本院TURP和TVP术48例並发症患者的临床资料。结果平均手术时间75min,平均切除组织41g。术中、术后出血20例,电切综合征（TURS）5例,暂时性尿失禁11例,膀胱颈部挛缩5例,尿道狭窄8例,尿路感染7例,膀胱穿孔1例。结论TURP和TVP是良性前列腺增大症安全有效的外科治疗方法,术前详细采集病史,术中正确操作,术后对病人正确指导及处理可有效减少手术并发症。     

Minimal transurethral prostatectomy plus bladder neck incision versus standard transurethral prostatectomy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomised prospective study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and complications of the combination of minimal transurethral resection of the prostate and bladder neck incision in comparison with those of the standard transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty patients with prostates of 相似文献   

Fibrous contracture of bladder neck: cause, prevention, and treatment.

Through a retrospective study of bladder neck contracture it was found that bladder neck resection and incision were equally effective for treatment of postoperative bladder neck contractures. It was also found that incising the bladder neck at the end of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) did not cause vesicoureteral reflux and did not improve the incidence of postoperative bladder neck contracture.     

Post-operative drain output as a predictor of bladder neck contracture following radical prostatectomy

Background Bladder neck contracture (BNC) following prostatectomy has been reported in 0.5–32% of cases. While the etiology of a BNC is unclear, several factors have been associated with this complication, including blood loss, devascularization of bladder neck tissue, poor mucosal apposition and urinary extravasation. To study the impact of urinary extravasation on BNC formation, we used post-operative drain output as a surrogate measure for anastomotic leakage. Methods All patients undergoing a radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) or a robotic assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) from January 2000 to April 2006 have been entered into a prospective review board-approved database. All RRP patients had their anastomosis performed in an interrupted fashion using six monofilament 2-0 sutures. All robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy anastomoses were performed in a running fashion using 2-0 monofilament sutures. A single, closed suction Jackson Pratt drain was placed over the surgical bed at the conclusion of the case. Post-operative drain outputs were recorded. All patients were evaluated at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months post-operatively. All patients who reported a diminished urinary stream or incontinence were evaluated by office cystoscopy. The inability to navigate an 18 French cystoscope through the bladder neck was defined as a bladder neck contracture. Results A total of 576 patients underwent a radical prostatectomy over this time span. Complete records were available for 535 (93%) of these patients. There were 21 bladder neck contractures (3.9%) overall. The post-operative drain output ranged from 5–5,465 ml (median 119 ml). Eight patients who had drain outputs less than 119 ml developed a BNC while 13 BNC developed in patients with Jackson Pratt drain output >119 ml (P = 0.343). In patients who underwent an open RRP, 19/424 (4.5%) developed contractures while 2/108 (1.9%) RARP patients developed a BNC (P = 0.105). Conclusion The amount of post-operative drain output is not statistically associated with the development of a bladder neck contracture.