三尖瓣环运动速度多普勒组织成像评价下壁心肌梗塞后右室功能

目的 探讨多普勒组织成像(DTI)记录三尖瓣环运动速度评价下壁心肌梗塞后右室功能的价值。方法 急性下壁心肌梗塞病人28例，年龄匹配的健康者20例，于心尖四腔观三尖瓣环相对应的右室游离壁记录收缩期峰值速度(VS)，舒张早期峰值速度(VE)，舒张晚期峰值速度(VA)。结果 急性下壁心肌梗塞组三尖瓣环收缩期峰值速度、舒张早期峰值速度均降低。结论 多普勒组织成像测定三尖瓣环运动速度可作为评价下壁心肌梗塞后右室功能的新方法。     

多普勒组织成像评价肥厚型梗阻性心肌病心功能

目的应用多普勒组织成像(DTI)脉冲速度模式测量二尖瓣环运动速度,以评价肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)心功能的改变.方法 26例HOCM患者作为HOCM组,50例健康志愿者作为正常组,取心尖四腔观、二腔观、心尖左心室长轴观,行DTi分别测量二尖瓣环各点舒张早期峰值速度(Ea)、舒张晚期峰值速度(Aa)及收缩期峰值速度(Sa).结果 HOCM组Ea、Sa均较正常组低,两组间差异有非常显著性意义(P＜0.01);Aa两组间相比无显著性差异.结论HOCM患者左心室长轴收缩功能及主动松弛功能较正常人减低.     

定量组织速度成像测定二尖瓣环运动速度对尿毒症患者左心舒张功能的评价

目的应用定量组织速度成像(QTVI)测定二尖瓣环运动速度评价尿毒症病患者左室舒张功能。方法应用定量组织速度成像测定30例正常人和32例尿毒症患者的二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度(Ve)、左房收缩期峰值速度(Va),计算Ve/Va比值;并用脉冲多普勒测定二尖瓣口舒张早期峰值血流速度E峰、舒张晚期峰值血流速度A峰,计算E/A值。结果正常组舒张早期峰值速度(E)>左房收缩期峰值速度(A),E/A>1;二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度(Ve)>左房收缩期峰值速度(Va),Ve/Va>1,正常组与尿毒症患者组二尖瓣口血流频谱及二尖瓣环运动组织速度成像测值有显著性差异,尿毒症患者组中二尖瓣环运动速度Ve/Va与二尖瓣血流频谱V/A无显著性差异。但在检出病例数中QTVI阳性例数明显高于血流频谱。结论应用定量组织速度成像测定二尖瓣口运动速度能较准确估计尿毒症患者左室舒张功能。     

多普勒组织成像探测二尖瓣环e/a比率评价左室舒张功能价值的探讨

目的：探讨二尖瓣环舒张早期与心房收缩期峰值运动速度ｅ／ａ比率评价左室舒张功能的价值。方法：应用多普勒组织成像技术探测正常对照组及原发性高血压患者二尖瓣环侧壁的峰值运动速度ｅ／ａ比率,同时探测二尖瓣血流舒张早期与心房收缩期峰值速度Ｅ／Ａ比率、肺静脉血流收缩期与舒张早期峰值速度Ｓ／Ｄ比率作对照。结果：根据二尖瓣血流Ｅ／Ａ比率,分别讨论：１．Ｅ／Ａ〈１（左室舒张早期功能受损）,二尖瓣环ｅ／ａ比率评价左室     

多普勒组织成像评价高血压心脏病心功能

目的应用多普勒组织成像（DTI）脉冲速度模式测量二尖瓣环运动速度，以评价高血压心脏病心功能的改变。方法32例高血压心脏病患者作为高心组，35例健康志愿者作为正常组。取心尖四腔观、二腔观、心尖左心室长轴观，行DTl分别测量二尖瓣环各点舒张早期峰值速度（Ea）、舒张晚期峰值速度（Aa）及收缩期峰值速度（Sa）。结果高心组Ea、sa均较正常组低，两组间差异有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）；Aa两组间相比无显著性差异。结论高血压心脏病患者左心室长轴收缩功能及主动松弛功能较正常人减低。     

定量组织速度成像评价2型糖尿病患者左心功能

目的应用定量组织速度成像技术观察2型糖尿病患者是否存在左心舒张和收缩功能异常.方法运用定量组织速度成像技术观测33例2型糖尿病患者和24例健康人心尖左心长轴、二腔和四腔切面二尖瓣环运动速度曲线,测量收缩期峰值速度Vs,舒张早期峰值速度Ve和舒张晚期峰值速度Va,计算Ve/Va比值;彩色多普勒血流显像法测量二尖瓣口舒张早期血流频谱E峰速度,舒张晚期血流频谱A峰速度,计算E/A比值.结果糖尿病组收缩期峰值速度Vs与健康人无显著差异 (P＞0.05);糖尿病组舒张早期峰值运动速度Ve较健康人减低(舒张早期峰值速度Ve糖尿病组/健康人:9.96±3.10/13.29±3.99,P＜0.05);舒张晚期峰值速度Va较健康人升高(舒张晚期峰值速度Va糖尿病组/健康人:11.58±2.21/10.13±1.36,P＜0.05),Ve/Va比值较健康人明显减低(Ve/Va比值糖尿病组/健康人: 0.88±0.32/1.33±0.40,P＜0.01).结论糖尿病患者早期即存在左室舒张功能异常,运用定量组织速度成像技术检测糖尿病患者左室舒张功能可检出松弛延迟和血流频谱假性正常化的病例.     

脉冲组织多普勒速度成像评价正常人左心室收缩功能的研究

目的:采用脉冲组织速度成像(PW-DTI)定量测量正常人左心室长轴方向心肌节段收缩运动速度、幅度,分析心肌收缩功能的变化,建立正常值区间,为早期发现异常左心室功能提供参照,以指导临床。材料与方法:运用PW-DTI对1000例正常成年人获取左室心尖二腔心切面、心尖四腔心切面、心尖左室长轴切面测量二尖瓣环运动速度,对心尖二腔观的前壁(LVAW)、下壁(LVIW),心尖四腔观的侧壁(LVLW)、后间隔(LVPS),心尖长轴观的前间隔(LVAS)、后壁(LVPW)的二尖瓣环6个节段收缩期运动峰值速度及六位点收缩期运动峰值速度平均值。常规超声心动图测量左心室射血分数(LVEF)。结果:正常人左心室壁收缩均匀,无反常运动。PW-DTI可以定量、无创评价左室整体与局部心肌的功能状态。为精确评价左心室室壁运动提供了一种无创的检测手段。左室侧壁、后壁、下壁的运动速度高于间隔的运动速度。同时结合LVEF可以全面掌握左心室的收缩运动情况。结论:(1)PW-DTI技术操作简单,表现细节能力优异,可以定量评估整体及局部心肌收缩功能,较常规超声心动图更明感;(2)PW-DTI同时结合LVEF评价左心室收缩功能更为全面、准确。     

应用DTI脉冲频谱技术对正常人二尖瓣环运动的分析

目的　运用多普勒组织成像 (DTI)脉冲频谱技术对正常人二尖瓣环运动进行分析 ,探讨正常人二尖瓣环运动特征。方法　通过DTI 二维及脉冲频谱显示方式检测 3 5例健康成人 ,心尖四腔观和二腔观二尖瓣环的运动 ,并与心尖四腔观外侧壁、后间隔 ;心尖二腔观前壁、下壁 ;左心长轴观前间隔、后壁各中段内膜面的峰值速度、时间速度积分进行比较。结果　心尖四腔观二尖瓣环外侧缘的收缩期峰值速度 (S)、舒张早期、晚期的峰值速度 (E、A)、时间速度积分显著高于外侧壁、下壁、前壁、室间隔。结论　DTI能实时、定量检测正常人二尖瓣环运动的变化 ,为进一步研究病理性的心肌运动变化及评价心脏的舒缩功能提供了重要诊断依据。     

多普勒组织成像评价陈旧性前间壁心肌梗死患者的左室收缩功能

目的采用多普勒组织成像技术(TDE)测量二尖瓣环收缩期下行速度,评价陈旧性前间壁心肌梗死患者的左室收缩功能。方法对30例正常人和38例陈旧性前间壁心肌梗死患者的二尖瓣环收缩期下行速度(MAV)进行测量,取样容积分别置于心尖四腔心切面及两腔心切面上的二尖瓣环间隔、侧壁、前壁和下壁处,并计算各点均值。结果陈旧性心肌梗死患者各点的收缩期下行速度均较正常对照组下降(P<0.01),以前壁、间壁处为明显。其二尖瓣环下行速度的均值(MAV-m)与Simpson方法测量的左室射血分数EF值有良好的相关性,相关系数为0.91(P<0.01)。结论采用多普勒组织成像技术测量二尖瓣环收缩期下行速度,可作为评价陈旧性心肌梗死患者的左室收缩功能的新指标。     

应用DTI脉冲频谱技术对正常人二尖瓣环运动的分析

目的 运动多普勒组织成像（ＤＴＩ）脉冲频谱技术对正常人二尖瓣环运动进行分析,探讨正常人二尖瓣环运动特征。方法 通过ＤＴＩ－二维及脉冲谱显示方式检测３５健康民人,心尖四腔观和二腔观二尖瓣环的运动、并与心尖四腔观外侧壁、后间隔;心尖二腔观前壁、下壁;左心长轴观前间隔、后壁各中段内膜面的峰值速度、时间速度积分进行比较。结果 心尖四腔观二尖瓣环外侧缘的收缩期峰值速度（Ｓ）、舒张早期、晚期的峰值速度（Ｅ、Ａ     

Effects of first myocardial infarction on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function with the use of mitral annular velocity determined by pulsed wave doppler tissue imaging.

This study was undertaken to assess the effect of a first myocardial infarction (MI) on the systolic and diastolic velocity profiles of the mitral annulus determined by pulsed wave Doppler tissue imaging and thereby evaluate left ventricular (LV) function after MI. Seventy-eight patients with a first MI were examined before discharge. Peak systolic, peak early diastolic, and peak late diastolic velocities were recorded at 4 different sites on the mitral annulus corresponding to the septum, anterior, lateral, and inferior sites of the left ventricle. In addition, the amplitude of mitral annular motion at the 4 above LV sites, the ejection fraction, and conventional Doppler diastolic parameters were recorded. Nineteen age-matched healthy subjects served as controls. Compared with healthy subjects, the MI patients had a significantly reduced peak systolic velocity at the mitral annulus, especially at the infarction sites. A relatively good linear correlation was found between the ejection fraction and the mean systolic velocity from the 4 LV sites (r = 0.74, P <.001). The correlation was also good when the mean peak systolic mitral annular velocity was tested against the magnitude of the mean mitral annular motion (r = 0.77, P <.001). When the patients were divided into 2 different groups with respect to an ejection fraction > or =0.50 or <0.50, a cutoff point of mean systolic mitral annular velocity of > or =7.5 cm/s had a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 88% in predicting a preserved global LV systolic function. Similar to systolic velocities, the early diastolic velocity was also reduced, especially at the infarction sites. The peak mitral annular early diastolic velocity correlated well with both LV ejection fraction (r =.66, P <.001) and mean systolic mitral annular motion (r = 0.68, P <.001). However, no correlation existed between the early diastolic velocity and conventional diastolic Doppler parameters. The reduced peak systolic mitral annular velocity seems to be an expression of regionally reduced systolic function. The peak early diastolic velocity is also reduced, especially at the infarction sites, and reflects regional diastolic dysfunction. Thus, quantification of myocardial velocity by Doppler tissue imaging opens up a new possibility of assessing LV function along its long axis.     

组织多普勒显像技术评价初发心肌梗死患者左室功能

目的探讨组织多普勒显像（DTI）技术在评价初发心肌梗死患者左室功能中的应用价值。方法常规超声心动图检查显示左室收缩及舒张功能正常的初发心肌梗死患者18例及与其年龄匹配的健康对照者15例入选本研究。应用DTI技术二尖瓣环平均运动速度指标评价两组对象的左室功能。同时计算二尖瓣血流舒张早期峰值速度与二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度的比值（E／Em）,以评估左室平均充盈压。结果心肌梗死患者组二尖瓣环收缩期峰值速度（Sm）、舒张早期速度（Em）及晚期峰值速度（Am）均明显低于正常对照组（P〈0．05）;心肌梗死组E／Em比值明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．05）。结论DTI技术可以较常规超声心动图更加敏感地检测出初发心肌梗死患者的左室功能异常。     

组织多普勒评价经皮室间隔化学消融术对肥厚梗阻型心肌病左心室收缩舒张功能的影响

目的 应用多普勒组织成像测量室间隔、后壁和二尖瓣环各点速度.以评价肥厚梗阻型心肌病患者在经皮室间隔化学消融术(PTSMA)前后左室收缩舒张功能的改变.方法 在PTSMA术前、术后急性期对肥厚梗阻型心肌病患者分别测量室间隔、左室后壁和二尖瓣环各点收缩期、舒张期早期和舒张晚期峰值速度.结果 肥厚型心肌病患者术后急性期室间隔、左室后壁和二尖瓣环各点收缩期、舒张期早期峰值速度均较术前减低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).舒张晚期峰值也较术前减低,大部分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 肥厚型心肌病患者PTSMA术后急性期左室长轴收缩功能及主动松弛功能较术前减低.     

多普勒组织成像在心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后的临床应用

目的研究多普勒组织成像（DTI）技术用于心肌梗死（MI）患者经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）术后心功能随访的可行性。方法选择86例MI住院患者,根据是否进行PCI术,分为PCI组45例和常规治疗组41例,术前、术后1个月、6个月、12个月行DTI及常规超声心动图检查。结果PCI术后,左室射血分数（EF）及应用DTI技术检测二尖瓣环四点（室间隔、侧壁、前壁、下壁）收缩期主峰S波速度的平均值术后1个月较术前即有明显改善,S波速度与EF之间的相关性较好,且比EF的敏感性更高。DTI二尖瓣环四点的舒张早期与晚期主峰速度e/a比值的平均值术后较术前增大;常规超声心动图二尖瓣口血流舒张早期与晚期主峰速度E/A比值无显著性差异。结论PCI术后,患者整体心脏收缩、舒张功能短期内得到改善;DTI技术观测AMI患者的心功能较常规超声心动图技术敏感性及特异性均高,可作为常规超声心动图的有力补充。     

Comparison between aortic, mitral and tricuspid annular velocities measured with quantitative two-dimensional color Doppler tissue imaging in healthy subjects

OBJECTIVES: To compare the systolic, early and late diastolic velocities of the aortic, mitral and tricuspid annuli in healthy subjects and to study the intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility (IIOR) of measuring the velocities at the aortic annulus. METHODS: Twenty healthy subjects with mean age 28 years were investigated with quantitative two-dimensional color Doppler tissue imaging and the systolic, early and late diastolic velocities were measured at the aortic, mitral and tricuspid annuli. RESULTS: The mitral annulus had significant higher systolic velocity and early diastolic velocity than the aortic annulus. The late diastolic velocity was significant lower at the aortic annulus compared with the both other annuli. At the different sites of the annuli the highest systolic velocity and early diastolic velocity were measured at the lateral site of the mitral annulus, whereas the lowest systolic velocity was measured at the septal site of the same annulus. The lowest early diastolic velocity was found at the septal site of the aortic annulus. The highest late diastolic velocity was measured at the lateral site of the tricuspid annulus and the lowest at the lateral site of the aortic annulus. CONCLUSIONS: The mitral annulus has statistical significant higher systolic and early diastolic velocities than the aortic annulus. There are significant differences in velocities between several of the different sites of the annuli. IIOR of measuring the systolic and early diastolic velocities of the aortic annulus is good.     

Characteristics of mitral and tricuspid annular velocities determined by pulsed wave Doppler tissue imaging in healthy subjects.

Assessment of myocardial velocities by Doppler tissue imaging is gaining in importance. However, generally accepted reference values are still missing. In this study we examined 62 consecutive healthy subjects (mean age 46, range 22-82 years) by pulsed wave Doppler tissue imaging to characterize the systolic and diastolic velocity profiles of the left and right ventricles. The subjects were divided into 3 different age-groups: group I, younger than 40 years; group II, 40 to 59 years; and group III, 60 years and older. Recordings were made along the long axis in the apical 4- and 2-chamber views by using 4 sites (septal, anterior, lateral, and inferior) at the mitral annulus and 1 site at the tricuspid annulus. Systolic mitral annular velocity (10.3 +/- 1.4 cm/s) correlated strongly with global left ventricular function determined by M-mode echocardiographic mitral annular displacement (r = 0.70, P <.001). The systolic velocity was significantly lower in group III than in group I (9.6 vs 10.8 cm/s, P <.01). A relatively weak, but significant, correlation was found between systolic velocity and the age of the subjects (r = -0.43, P <.001). Mitral annular early diastolic velocity was also lower in group III compared with group I (11.3 vs 17.7 cm/s, P <.001), with a strong correlation with age (r = -0.81, P <.001) and other conventional Doppler diastolic parameters. Both the systolic and early diastolic mitral annular velocities at the septum were lower than at other left ventricular sites. Tricuspid annular systolic velocity (15.2 +/- 1.9 cm/s) was higher than mitral annular systolic velocity (P <.001). Unlike mitral annular velocity, systolic tricuspid annular velocity was not correlated with age. However, the diastolic tricuspid annular velocities correlated well with transtricuspid Doppler diastolic parameters. The method of recording the annular velocities was feasible in all subjects, simple and highly reproducible.     

多普勒组织成像评价小儿心脏移植术后心功能

目的用超声心动图二维、M型、彩色多普勒及脉冲多普勒组织成像(PW-DTI)等方法对小儿心脏移植术后非排异期心脏的结构、形态、血流、功能等状态进行综合评价，重点探讨PW-DTI对小儿心脏移植术后非排异期心功能评价的意义。方法移植组和对照组各36例，应用超声心动图、PW-DTI测量左室舒张末期内径，室间隔厚度，左室后壁厚度，左室质量，左室短轴缩短率，二、三尖瓣前向血流舒张早、晚期峰值速率及心率；将PW-DTI取样容积置于二尖瓣瓣环水平左室侧壁、室间隔及三尖瓣环水平右室壁采样，获取收缩期和舒张早、晚期PW-DTI运动速度曲线。结果移植组的所有PW-DTI速度曲线参数均较对照组低。二尖瓣瓣环水平左室侧壁舒张早期峰值速率，室间隔及三尖瓣环收缩期峰值速率，舒张早、晚期峰值速率与对照组差异有显著性意义；而其他指标移植组与对照组基本相同。结论PW-DTI速度曲线参数的结果提示心脏移植术后非排异期患儿在常用的心功能指标测值正常时，已存在右室收缩、舒张功能及左室舒张功能的减低，以右心功能减低为明显。PW-DTI是一种敏感、简便的测量小儿心脏移植后左、右心功能的方法．     

多普勒组织成像评价高血压病患者左室舒张功能

目的　探讨应用多普勒组织成像 (DTI)技术检测二尖瓣环运动速度评估原发性高血压病左室舒张功能的应用价值。方法　应用DTI技术 ,对 5 6例原发性高血压病患者和 5 0例正常对照者二尖瓣环运动速度进行测定 ,并与常规多普勒超声心动图检查结果对照分析。结果　与正常组相比 ,高血压病患者收缩期DTI速度峰值 (S)差异无显著性意义 ,舒张早期DTI速度峰值 (Ve)显著减低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,舒张晚期DTI速度峰值 (Va)无显著变化 ,舒张早期与舒张晚期DTI速度峰值的比值 (Ve Va)显著减低 (P <0 .0 5 )。Ve Va值与二尖瓣血流频谱E A值之间存在高度相关性。结论　DTI技术检测二尖瓣环舒张期运动速度参数可用于无创评价原发性高血压病左室舒张功能。     

定量组织速度成像评价急性心肌梗死后的右室功能

目的 应用QTVI技术测定三尖瓣环的运动速度和幅度评价初次急性心肌梗死后的右室功能。方法 研究对象分为急性下壁心梗组20例。急性前壁心梗组16例和对照组20例，用QTVI技术中的时间速度积分测定三尖瓣环右室收缩期，舒张早期与晚期运动幅度；应用QTVI技术中的组织速度成像测量右室收缩期，舒张早期与晚期的运动峰速度。结果 下壁心梗组和前壁心梗组右室游离壁三尖瓣环Vs,VE,VE/VA,SD与DED均显著低于对照组，下壁心梗组患者降低尤为显著。下壁心梗组和前壁心梗组LVEF均显著低于对照组。前壁心梗组LVEF减低更明显。结论 应用QTVI测量右室游离壁三尖瓣环运动速度和幅度可作为评价心肌梗死患者右室舒缩功能的新指标。有助于指导治疗和随访观察。心肌梗死患者左、右室功能相互影响。