土槿皮乙酸作用PI3K／Akt通路诱导HeLa细胞凋亡

【目的】探讨土槿皮乙酸对宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡和增殖的作用。【方法】通过Hoeehst33342荧光染色等观察细胞核固缩和染色体碎片等形态学变化,MTT法测定土槿皮乙酸对HeLa细胞的生长抑制作用,采用流式细胞仪和免疫印迹实验检测HeLa细胞的生长凋亡情况及其相关蛋白的表达变化。【结果】土槿皮乙酸对宫颈癌HeLa细胞具有明显的生长抑制作用,并能诱导细胞发生凋亡,随着药物浓度的增加和作用时间的延长,细胞的生长抑制率及细胞凋亡率均明显升高。土槿皮乙酸抑制细胞生长及诱导细胞发生凋亡的过程中,细胞磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（P13K）、蛋白激酶B（Akt）、糖原合酶激酶3（GSK3）、FKHRL（Forkhead like family）表达水平及活性显著降低,导致抑制凋亡抑制因子bcl-2受到表达抑制,同时Bax表达增加。【结论】土槿皮乙酸能够通过多条信号途径促进人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞发生凋亡,通过抑制PI3K／Akt的活性是其体外诱导人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞发生凋亡和抑制增值的重要作用机制。     

冬凌草甲素作用PI3K/AKT通路诱导HeLa细胞凋亡

 【目的】研究冬凌草甲素诱导HeLa细胞凋亡的作用及其机制。【方法】MTT法测定冬凌草甲素对HeLa细胞的生长抑制实验,Hoechst 33342荧光染色等观察细胞核形态学变化;LDH法研究细胞死亡的途径。流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡,免疫印迹实验检测相关蛋白的表达。【结果】25μmol/L以上的冬凌草甲素对宫颈癌HeLa细胞具有明显的生长抑制作用,并能诱导细胞发生凋亡,随着药物浓度的增加和作用时间的延长,细胞的生长抑制率及细胞凋亡率均明显升高,冬凌草甲素抑制细胞生长及诱导细胞发生凋亡的过程中,细胞端粒酶Akt、FKHRL、GSK3表达水平及活性显著降低。【结论】冬凌草甲素能够通过诱导人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞发生凋亡而发挥抑制HeLa细胞生长作用,抑制Akt和GSK3的活性是冬凌草甲素体外诱导人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞发生凋亡的重要作用机制之一。     

冬凌草甲素作用PI3K/AKT通路诱导HeLa细胞凋亡

【目的】研究冬凌草甲素诱导HeLa细胞凋亡的作用及其机制。【方法】MTT法测定冬凌草甲素对HeLa细胞的生长抑制实验,Hoechst 33342荧光染色等观察细胞核形态学变化;LDH法研究细胞死亡的途径。流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡,免疫印迹实验检测相关蛋白的表达。【结果】25μmol/L以上的冬凌草甲素对宫颈癌HeLa细胞具有明显的生长抑制作用,并能诱导细胞发生凋亡,随着药物浓度的增加和作用时间的延长,细胞的生长抑制率及细胞凋亡率均明显升高,冬凌草甲素抑制细胞生长及诱导细胞发生凋亡的过程中,细胞端粒酶Akt、FKHRL、GSK3表达水平及活性显著降低。【结论】冬凌草甲素能够通过诱导人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞发生凋亡而发挥抑制HeLa细胞生长作用,抑制Akt和GSK3的活性是冬凌草甲素体外诱导人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞发生凋亡的重要作用机制之一。     

奥沙利铂对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株的体外作用

 【目的】研究奥沙利铂对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株的生长抑制作用及对Caspase-3活性的影响。【方法】用人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株经奥沙利铂处理后,MTT法测定细胞生长抑制率,透射电镜观察细胞形态学变化,流式细胞仪和原位末端标记技术法（TUNEL）检测细胞凋亡率,比色法检测Caspase-3活性变化,,并利用AC-DEVD-CHO进行Caspase-3抑制试验。【结果】奥沙利铂（4～64μmol/L）在体外能以时间和剂量依赖的方式对宫颈癌HeLa细胞产生细胞毒作用并诱导其凋亡,奥沙利铂作用细胞株48 h后,细胞呈现典型的凋亡细胞的形态特征;并能增加HeLa细胞的Caspase-3活性,AC-DEVD-乙醛（AC-DEVD-CHO）可有效抑制奥沙利铂诱导的HeLa细胞凋亡。【结论】奥沙利铂在体外能抑制人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,Caspase-3活化参与了奥沙利铂诱导HeLa细胞的凋亡过程。     

奥沙利铂对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株的体外作用

【目的】研究奥沙利铂对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株的生长抑制作用及对Caspase-3活性的影响。【方法】用人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株经奥沙利铂处理后,MTT法测定细胞生长抑制率,透射电镜观察细胞形态学变化,流式细胞仪和原位末端标记技术法（TUNEL）检测细胞凋亡率,比色法检测Caspase-3活性变化,,并利用AC-DEVD-CHO进行Caspase-3抑制试验。【结果】奥沙利铂（4～64μmol/L）在体外能以时间和剂量依赖的方式对宫颈癌HeLa细胞产生细胞毒作用并诱导其凋亡,奥沙利铂作用细胞株48 h后,细胞呈现典型的凋亡细胞的形态特征;并能增加HeLa细胞的Caspase-3活性,AC-DEVD-乙醛（AC-DEVD-CHO）可有效抑制奥沙利铂诱导的HeLa细胞凋亡。【结论】奥沙利铂在体外能抑制人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,Caspase-3活化参与了奥沙利铂诱导HeLa细胞的凋亡过程。     

ABT737通过激活JNK/c-Jun通路上调Bim诱导宫颈癌细胞凋亡

【目的】探讨JNK/c-Jun信号通路激活Bim在ABT737诱导宫颈癌细胞凋亡中的作用。【方法】用MTT法检测ABT-737对人宫颈癌Hela细胞的生长抑制作用;用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;用Western blot方法检测JNK、phospho-JNK、c-Jun、phospho-c-Jun以及Bim蛋白的表达;用RT-PCR检测Bim在mRNA水平的变化;用JNK特异性抑制剂SP600125和siRNA瞬时转染抑制JNK及c-Jun的活性。 【结果】ABT-737能抑制Hela细胞的生长,诱导HeLa细胞发生凋亡。ABT737可激活JNK激酶活性其下游靶分子c-Jun,凋亡相关基因Bim在mRNA水平和蛋白水平的表达也随之上调。应用JNK特异性抑制剂SP600125和靶向JNK及c-Jun的siRNA抑制JNK或c-Jun的活性或表达后,ABT737诱导的Bim上调及细胞凋亡亦被有效阻断。【结论】ABT737通过JNK/c-Jun信号通路上调凋亡相关基因Bim的表达,诱导HeLa细胞发生凋亡。     

黄芩素对人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞生长的抑制作用

目的:探讨黄芩素对人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞生长的抑制作用及可能机制。方法:采用磺酰罗丹明B(SRB)法检测黄芩素对HeLa细胞生长的抑制作用;Hoechst 33258荧光染色法观察黄芩素对HeLa细胞凋亡的诱导作用;比色法测定黄芩素对HeLa细胞内caspase-3活性的影响。结果:不同浓度黄芩素作用24、36、48h后均可抑制HeLa细胞生长(P<0.05~P<0.01);黄芩素作用24h后,HeLa细胞凋亡率增加(P<0.01),细胞内caspase-3活性增强(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:黄芩素能抑制HeLa细胞生长,其机制可能与诱导细胞凋亡及增强caspase-3活性有关。     

鬼臼毒素衍生物NY-3诱导HeLa细胞凋亡及其机制探究

【目的】研究鬼臼毒素衍生物NY-3对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的抗肿瘤活性并探讨其机制。【方法】MTT法检测NY-3及阳性对照药物VP-16（依托泊苷）对HeLa细胞体外增殖的抑制作用及对其生长曲线的影响;Hoechst 33342/PI双染、琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术和流式细胞术等方法进行细胞凋亡检测;RT-PCR检测NY-3对HeLa细胞凋亡相关基因表达的影响;动物移植肿瘤模型研究NY-3体内抗肿瘤作用。【结果】NY-3在体外对HeLa细胞具有明显的抑制作用,IC50值为（2.73±1.28）μmol/L,优于VP-16,其诱导细胞产生凋亡小体并呈现典型的＂DNA ladder＂,流式细胞术检测出细胞被阻断在G2/M期,发现NY-3可以上调HeLa细胞Bax/Bcl-2比值及Caspase-3 mRNA表达水平,小鼠体内抗肿瘤研究NY-3在肿瘤抑制率、动物存活率等方面均优于阳性药物VP-16。【结论】NY-3在体外及体内实验表现均优于成熟阳性药物VP-16,其可能通过影响Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3等凋亡相关基因表达诱导HeLa细胞凋亡。     

氯化镧经Caspase-3途径诱导子宫颈癌细胞凋亡

目的探讨氯化镧体外诱导人子宫颈癌细胞凋亡的作用和分子机制,为探索稀土化合物的药用价值提供理论依据。方法采用形态学观察、四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法测定氯化镧对HeLa细胞的抑制率;流式细胞术分析细胞周期和细胞凋亡率,蛋白质印迹技术分析Caspase-3蛋白表达的改变,并以分光光度法测定其活性。结果形态学分析和MTT法显示氯化镧能够抑制HeLa细胞生长并诱导其凋亡(P<0.05),其作用呈明显的量效关系。细胞周期实验结果说明,氯化镧可令细胞大多阻滞于G1期,并呈一定的浓度依赖性;氯化镧诱导细胞凋亡亦有剂量依赖性,在5μmol/L剂量下,细胞开始凋亡,随着药物浓度的增加,凋亡率不断增高,各浓度与对照组相比差异都具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。蛋白质印迹实验显示氯化镧亦可上调活化的Caspase-3蛋白表达水平及活性且呈浓度依赖性。结论一定浓度的氯化镧可抑制人子宫颈癌HeLa细胞的增殖并通过激活Caspase途径诱导HeLa细胞凋亡。     

片仔癀通过PI3K/Akt信号通路诱导人骨肉瘤U2OS细胞凋亡

目的探讨片仔癀诱导骨肉瘤U2OS细胞凋亡与磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B（PI3K/Akt）途径的关系。方法采用不同浓度片仔癀（0.4，0.8，1.2mg/mL）作用U2OS细胞，采用MTT法检测片仔癀对U2OS细胞增殖的影响；Hoechst 333258染色观察细胞凋亡情况；Western blot检测PI3K调节亚基p85α（PI3K p85α）、磷酸化PI3K调节亚基p85α（p-PI3K p85α）、蛋白激酶B（Akt）、磷酸化Akt（p-Akt）、核多聚（ADP-核酶）聚合酶（PARP）、裂解PARP（Cleaved PARP）等PI3K/Akt途径相关蛋白的表达。结果片仔癀可明显抑制U2OS细胞的增殖，呈时间和浓度依赖性，诱导U2OS细胞凋亡；Western blot显示p-PI3K p85α、p-Akt蛋白表达明显下调，Cleaved PARP表达量增加，与空白对照组相比有明显差异（P<0.05）。结论片仔癀可通过抑制PI3K/Akt信号途径PI3K p85α、Akt磷酸化，促进PARP裂解，诱导骨肉瘤U2OS凋亡。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.