阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林对急性脑梗死患者脑血流及颈动脉粥样斑块的影响

目的 研究不同剂量阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林对急性脑梗死患者脑血流指标以及颈动脉粥样斑块的影响。方法 选取2013年4月至2014年4月榆林市星元医院收治的急性脑梗死患者99例为研究对象,随机数表法将患者分为治疗组1、治疗组2及对照组,每组各33例。3组均常规行活血化淤等基础治疗,使用不同剂量的阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗,分别观察3组的颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）及粥样硬化斑块积分、血清血小板膜表面P选择素（CD62p）、血小板糖蛋白复合物（PAC-1）及超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）变化、血脂变化。结果 治疗后,治疗组1及治疗组2患者IMT及颈动脉斑块积分显著改善（P<0.05）。与治疗前及对照组相比,治疗6个月后,治疗组1及治疗组2患者CD62p、PAC-1及hs-CRP水平显著降低（P<0.05）。治疗后,治疗组1及治疗组2患者血清三酰甘油（TG）,总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）均显著降低（P<0.05）。结论 使用10 mg/d阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗急性脑梗死患者可抑制血小板活化,减少炎性反应,同时具有稳定颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的作用。     

男性糖尿病患者血清睾酮水平与动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的 研究男性糖尿病患者的血清睾酮(testosterone,T)水平与颈动脉内膜中层厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)的关系,进而探讨男性糖尿病患者血清雄激素水平与动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)的相关性。方法 收集126名男性糖尿病患者,高频超声测量其颈动脉IMT,并根据IMT将患者分为正常组(n=64)和增厚组(n=62),记录患者年龄、并测定其血清睾酮(T)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(totalcholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)水平。结果 IMT增厚组患者年龄较正常组大(P<0.05),而睾酮水平则降低(P<0.05),其他指标组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。进一步的Logistic回归分析,发现年龄与颈动脉IMT呈正相关,而睾酮水平与颈动脉IMT呈负相关,其中睾酮水平与颈动脉IMT的相关性更大。结论 男性糖尿病患者血清睾酮水平的降低可促进动脉粥样硬化(AS)的发生,年龄以及睾酮水平与动脉粥样硬化(AS)的发生存在相关性。     

急性脑梗死患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度性别差异性研究

目的 探究急性脑梗死患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)的性别差异,为脑梗死患者诊断和防治的性别差异提供参考。方法 选择急性脑梗死患者193例,依据性别将193例急性脑梗死患者分为两组:男性急性脑梗死组94例,女性急性脑梗死组99例。检测两组受试者血浆同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)水平,采用彩色多普勒超声测定两组受试者颈动脉IMT,比较两组间各指标的差异,分析颈动脉IMT性别差异性原因。结果 男性急性脑梗死患者组颈动脉IMT较女性急性脑梗死组厚,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性急性脑梗死组血浆Hcy水平、LDL-C水平及吸烟率均高于女性急性脑梗死组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女性急性脑梗死组HDL-C水平高于男性急性脑梗死组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);多变量Logistic回归显示血浆高Hcy、LDL-C水平,高吸烟率以及低血浆HDL-C与男性显著相关(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析进一步揭示男性、年龄、Hcy、吸烟与颈动脉IMT独立相关。结论 男性急性脑梗死患者组颈动脉IMT较女性急性脑梗死组厚,这可能与血浆Hcy水平、吸烟不良行为密切相关。     

幽门螺杆菌感染和老年颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的 研究幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染和老年颈动脉粥样硬化间的关系。方法 选取确诊为老年颈动脉粥样硬化250例,检测Hp感染状况、颈动脉粥样硬化程度、血清氧化型低密度脂蛋白（Ox-LDL）及各项血脂水平,对统计结果进行比较分析。结果 Hp感染组总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）及血清Ox-LDL各项指标水平与非Hp感染组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;而重度Hp感染组TC、TG及血清Ox-LDL指标水平均明显高于轻度Hp感染组,且差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;重度Hp感染组的动脉硬化程度达重度所占比例为52.78%,明显的高于非Hp感染组（6.92%）和轻度Hp感染组（23.81%）,且差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 幽门螺杆菌感染能够引起老年颈动脉粥样硬化患者血脂代谢紊乱,导致血脂水平升高。     

老年高血压糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性分析

目的 分析老年高血压、糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平的相关性。方法 选择2014年4月至2016年5月在合肥市滨湖医院就诊的老年高血压患者、糖尿病患者、高血压合并2型糖尿病患者各40例,设为高血压组、糖尿病组、高血压+糖尿病组,同期体检的40名老年健康人为对照组,分别检测4组受检人员的Hcy水平,同时通过彩色多普勒超声对患者颈动脉内中膜厚度（IMT）和动脉斑块进行检测。结果 对照组Hcy水平为（6.45±2.48）μmol/L,高血压组为（14.26±3.43）μmol/L,糖尿病组为（17.33±3.35）μmol/L,高血压+糖尿病组为（23.85±4.45）μmol/L;对照组颈动脉硬化检出率为37.50%,高血压组为75.00%,糖尿病组为77.50%,高血压+糖尿病组为95.00%。对照组Hcy水平及颈动脉硬化检出率显著低于高血压组、糖尿病组及高血压合并糖尿病组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;高血压组、糖尿病组的Hcy水平及颈动脉硬化检出率低于高血压合并糖尿病组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。老年高血压、糖尿病患者血清Hcy水平与颈动脉硬化呈正相关（r=0.561,P<0.05）。结论 老年高血压合并糖尿病患者血浆Hcy水平较老年高血压、老年糖尿病及老年健康人员明显增高,且与颈动脉硬化呈正相关。     

急性脑梗死患者外周血平均血小板体积与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的 探讨急性脑梗死患者外周血平均血小板体积（mean platelet volume,MPV）水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法 纳入99例发病1周内的急性脑梗死患者为观察组,30例同期无心脑血管疾病,并经多普勒彩色超声检查无颈动脉内膜增厚的健康体检者为对照组。检测所有纳入者的外周血MPV水平,采用多普勒彩色超声检查颈动脉内膜中层厚度（intima media thickness,IMT）,按病变程度将观察组分为IMT正常组、IMT轻度狭窄组、IMT中重度狭窄组;根据头颅CT或MRI提示的梗死面积大小将观察组分为小面积、中等面积、大面积脑梗死组。分析比较观察组与对照组以及观察组各亚组间MPV水平的差异,并分析MPV与IMT及梗死面积的相关性。结果 脑梗死组外周血MPV水平较对照组升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组不同颈动脉狭窄程度组外周血MPV比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）;Pearson相关性分析表明,MPV与IMT值呈正相关（r=0.331,P=0.000）,MPV与脑梗死面积呈正相关（r=0.386,P=0.000）;ROC曲线显示MPV对急性脑梗死的预测曲线下面积为0.682,最佳界值是11.45,敏感度为41.4%,特异性为86.7%。结论 急性脑梗死患者外周血MPV水平与颈动脉粥样硬化狭窄程度密切相关,且对急性脑梗死有一定的预测价值。     

血小板/淋巴细胞比值与老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的 探讨在老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中血小板/淋巴细胞比值（PLR）与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法 选取2015年6月至2017年6月河南科技大学第一附属医院内分泌科住院的老年T2DM患者220例,根据彩色多普勒超声检查结果,将双侧颈动脉正常者为正常组（共118例）,颈动脉有粥样硬化者为硬化组（共102例）,检测血常规、血脂、血糖等,计算PLR,比较两组患者PLR、血脂、血糖等差异。采用Pearson相关分析及logistic回归分析进行PLR与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性分析。结果 硬化组患者年龄、收缩压、血小板计数（PLT）、PLR、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）均高于正常组,而淋巴细胞计数（LC）低于正常组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;Pearson相关分析提示,CIMT与年龄、收缩压、PLR、LDL-C、TC、FBG和HbA1c呈正相关（P<0.05）;多元逐步回归分析提示CIMT与PLR密切相关;logistic回归分析提示,在校正部分危险因素如年龄、血糖、血脂等后,PLR仍然是老年T2DM患者患颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素;ROC曲线分析发现,PLR的曲线下面积为0.793,其截断值取100.12时,诊断动脉粥样硬化的敏感度为79.80%,特异度为65.10%。结论 PLR是老年T2DM患颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素。     

新疆原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血清Cys-C、PAPP-A及FGF-21水平间的相关性研究

目的 探究新原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化与胱抑素C（cystatin c,Cys-C）、妊娠相关血浆蛋白A（pregnancy-associated plasma proteins A,PAPP-A）、成纤维细胞生长因子21（fibroblast growth factor 21,FGF-21）水平间的相关性。方法 选取2015年1月~2017年12月于新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院全科医疗科就诊并确定诊断为原发性高血压的患者298例,同时招募健康体检人群95例,根据纳入及排除标准将研究对象根据B型超声测定颈动脉中层厚度及粥样硬化程度分3组,即健康对照组（HC组）、高血压组（HBP组）、高血压合并颈动脉斑块组（HBP+CAS组）。比较3组患者尿素（blood urea nitrogen,BUN）、肌酐（serum creatinine,Scr）、尿酸（uric acid,UA）以及总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）、高密度脂蛋白（high density lipoprotein,HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（light density lipoprotein,LDL）、载脂蛋白A（apolipoprotein,Apo-A）、载脂蛋白B（apolipoprotein,Apo-B）及Cys-C、PAPP-A和FGF-21水平差异,应用Pearson相关分析和多因素线性回归模型分析颈动脉粥样硬化及内中膜厚度（intimal-medial thickness,IMT）的相关因素。结果 HBP+CAS组的TG（4.48±1.49mmol/L）、TC（2.35±1.12mmol/L）、LDL-C（2.91±0.82mmol/L）、IMT（1.23±0.27mm）、Cys-C（1.06±0.28mg/L）、PAPP-A（7.39±3.36mIU/L）、FGF-21（1.98±0.61ng/ml）水平明显高于HBP组的TG（4.07±1.41mmol/L）、TG（2.02±1.15mmol/L）、LDL-C（2.68±0.83mmol/L）、IMT（0.93±0.12mm）、Cys-C（0.92±0.24mg/L）、PAPP-A（5.66±2.12mIU/L）、FGF-21（1.82±0.53ng/ml）和HC组TG（3.98±1.36mmol/L）、TC（1.94±1.07mmol/L）、LDL-c（2.62±0.78mmol/L）、IMT（0.87±0.13mm）、Cys-C（0.83±0.16mg/L）、PAPP-A（4.88±1.96mIU/L）、FGF-21（1.50±0.45ng/ml）,差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）,HBP组和HBP+CAS组间的收缩压分别为144.03±8.58mmHg（1mmHg=0.133kPa）和145.56±8.45mmHg,舒张压分别为93.11±5.85mmHg和94.09±5.76mmHg,差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。多因素线性回归分析,IMT与血清LDL-C、Cys-C、PAPP-A及FGF-21水平有关,并且呈线性回归关系（t=3.140、8.216、3.431、7.654,P=0.002、0.000、0.001、0.000）,IMT与收缩压、舒张压、TC、HDL-C无明显相关性（t=1.201、1.258、1.354、-2.008,P=0.231、0.209、0.091、0.059）;Pearson相关分析显示,IMT与血清Cys-C、PAPP-A及FGF-21水平的相关性较高（r=0.721、0.680、0.692,P=0.000、0.000、0.000）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,颈动脉粥样硬化与血清Cys-C、PAPP-A及FGF-21水平有关,并且呈线性回归关系（P=0.000、0.005、0.000）。结论 新疆维、汉族原发性高血压患者的血清Cys-C、PAPP-A和FGF-21水平与CIMT和CAS呈正相关。     

血液透析患者的颈动脉粥样硬化

目的探讨血液透析(HD)患者颈动脉粥样硬化(AS)情况.方法检测患者临床指标及用彩色B超测患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT)及粥样硬化斑块.结果粥样斑块阳性的HD患者年龄、病程、HD时间、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、颈动脉平均IMT显著高于斑块阴性组患者,而患者血浆白蛋白(A lb)显著降低.HD患者颈动脉平均IMT与病程、A lb、TG、LDL、CRP显著相关.结论HD并AS患者CRP、颈动脉IMT显著增高,A lb显著下降;HD患者颈动脉平均IMT与病程、A lb、TG、LDL、CRP相关.改善患者营养状况、微炎症状态、血脂水平可能减少HD并AS的发生.     

普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀治疗老年颈动脉粥样硬化的临床观察

目的观察普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀对老年颈动脉粥样硬化患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）及颈动脉内膜斑块的作用。方法将96例老年颈动脉粥样硬化患者随机分成普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀组、阿托伐他汀组、普罗布考组,每组32例,共观察6个月。分别于治疗前后检测3组患者的血清氧化型低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ox-LDL）、超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平及IMT、颈动脉内膜粥样硬化斑块面积。结果治疗6个月后普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀组ox-LDL、hs-CRP、TC、TG、LDL-C水平明显降低,颈动脉IMT、颈动脉内膜斑块面积明显减少,并且效果好于阿托伐他汀组及普罗布考组（P＜0．01）。结论普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀治疗老年颈动脉粥样硬化有显著效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.