复方党参胶囊的质量研究

[目的] 建立复方党参胶囊的质量控制方法。[方法] 采用薄层色谱法（TLC）对制剂中党参、白术、香附、黑芝麻进行定性鉴别;采用紫外分光光度法测定制剂中总多糖含量。[结果] TLC法可专属性地鉴别党参、白术、香附和黑芝麻,且特征斑点圆整清晰,阴性对照无干扰。含量测定结果显示,总多糖在60.96~304.8 μg范围线性关系良好,r=0.999 5（n=8）,平均加样回收率为99.79%（RSD 1.98%,n=6）.[结论] 所建立的方法简便可行、专属性强、重复性好,可有效控制复方党参胶囊的质量。     

从肺胃实热论治小儿反复呼吸道感染68例

[目的]观察清热助运法治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染肺胃积热实证的临床疗效。[方法]将68例患儿随机分为两组,分别采用清热助运中药汤剂和P-转移因子口服液治疗,疗程1个月,随访半年。[结果]治疗组总有效率为94.74%,显效率为70.05%,均明显优于对照组,差异有显著性,P<0.05;治疗后治疗组患儿血T细胞亚群CD₄、CD₈及CD₄/CD₈基本恢复正常,与对照组比较差异非常显著,P<0.01。[结论]清热助运法可明显改善患儿肺胃热盛体质。     

祛毒清热颗粒质量控制研究

目的 建立了祛毒清热颗粒的质量标准。方法 采用薄层色谱法对方中的连翘、柴胡、甘草、板蓝根进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法对君药虎杖中的大黄素进行了定量测定。结果 薄层分离度好,专属性强;大黄素在0.064～0.512 μg内与峰面积线性关系良好,平均回收率为99.03%,RSD值为0.23%（n＝9）。结论 所建立的方法准确可靠,灵敏度高,专属性强,可有效控制祛毒清热颗粒的质量。     

肺闭宁颗粒止咳、抗炎及促进PM2.5颗粒物排出作用的研究

[目的]考察肺闭宁颗粒在止咳、抗炎以及对促进PM2.5排出方面的药效学作用研究,为其临床用药提供数据支持。[方法]采用二氧化硫引咳小鼠模型、内毒素诱导的肺损伤小鼠模型以及斑马鱼PM2.5排出模型,给予不同浓度的肺闭宁颗粒干预后,观察其止咳、抗炎以及对纳米颗粒从斑马鱼体内排出进入肠道的影响。[结果]肺闭宁颗粒中（3.69 g/kg）、高（7.38 g/kg）剂量组可明显改善二氧化硫引咳模型小鼠咳嗽潜伏期时间及咳嗽次数;可降低内毒素诱导的肺损伤小鼠肺灌流液中白细胞介素-6（IL-6）浓度（P<0.05）;在斑马鱼PM2.5超细颗粒物排出模型中,肺闭宁颗粒125 mg/mL时,纳米活性炭排出发生率为63.3%,与模型对照组（16.7%）比较有统计学差异（P<0.05）。[结论]肺闭宁颗粒具有止咳、抗炎的作用,此外在促进PM2.5超细颗粒物排出、减少PM2.5对机体的损伤方面也有一定的效果,提示其在对抗雾霾天气引起的呼吸道系统疾病治疗中具有一定作用。     

祛风舒筋丸的质量控制研究

目的 提高完善祛风舒筋丸的质量标准。方法 采用薄层色谱法对处方中甘草进行了薄层色谱鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法对处方中秦艽的有效成分龙胆苦苷进行了测定。结果 薄层斑点清晰,分离度好,阴性无干扰;龙胆苦苷进样量在0.103 9～1.039 0 μg线性关系良好（r＝0.999 0）,平均加样回收率为95.92%,RSD为2.50%（n＝6）。结论 定性、定量方法简便、准确、专属性强、能有效控制祛风舒筋丸的质量。     

丹芪偏瘫胶囊质量标准的研究

[目的]建立丹芪偏瘫胶囊的质量控制标准。[方法]采用薄层色谱法对丹芪偏瘫胶囊中赤芍、丹参进行定性鉴别,对地鳖虫、全蝎进行显微鉴别,并用薄层扫描法对黄芪中黄芪甲苷进行含量测定。检测波长为530nm;展开剂为氯仿-甲醇-水=13:6:2;显色剂为10%硫酸乙醇溶液。[结果]黄芪甲苷在0.525~10.5μg有良好的线性关系(r=0.9993),平均回收率为96.56%,峰面积(RSD)为1.15%。[结论]该方法简便、专属性强、稳定性好,可作为丹芪偏瘫胶囊的质量控制标准。     

血府逐瘀颗粒薄层色谱鉴别方法的研究

[目的] 研究改进血府逐瘀颗粒的薄层色谱鉴别方法。[方法] 采用薄层色谱法对成药中的当归、川芎、甘草、牛膝、枳壳进行定性鉴别。[结果] 薄层色谱鉴别的色谱斑点清晰,阴性空白无干扰。[结论] 所建立的鉴别方法专属性强,方法可靠,可作为血府逐瘀颗粒的定性控制方法。     

止嗽散加减治疗急性支气管炎36例

[目的] 观察止嗽散加减治疗急性气管炎的临床疗效。[方法] 采用止嗽散加减(桔梗、灸紫菀、灸百部、白前、陈皮、荆芥、灸甘草等)治疗急性支气管炎36例,口服急支糖浆患者32例作为对照组,进行疗效观察。[结果] 止嗽散组治愈率为50%,总有效率为92%。对照组治愈率为31%,总有效率为65%。治疗组治愈率及总有效率明显高于对照组,经Ridit分析,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论] 本方具有疏表宣肺、止咳化痰的功效,是治疗外感咳嗽的有效良方。     

骨增合剂的质量标准研究

[目的]完善骨增合剂的质量控制标准。[方法]采用薄层色谱法对骨增合剂中白芍、葛根、补骨脂、淫羊藿4味主药进行定性鉴别,并用大孔树脂-紫外法对君药淫羊藿中有效成分淫羊藿苷的含量进行测定。[结果]4味主药代表性成分斑点分离效果好,对比明显;君药中淫羊藿苷含量在2.5～22.5μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率95.5%(n=5,RSD=1.52%),精密度RSD=1.93%。[结论]方法操作简便、灵敏、准确、重现性好,取得了较为满意的结果,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

风寒方对豚鼠咳嗽反射敏感性及肺组织P物质水平影响的实验研究

[目的] 评价风寒方对咳嗽反射敏感性影响并探讨气道神经源性炎症的作用靶点。为进一步新药开发研究提供一定的实验依据。[方法]采用枸橼酸引咳法建立咳嗽模型豚鼠, 按随机数字表法随机分为空白对照组、空白模型组、抗病毒口服液组、风寒方低剂量组、风寒方高剂量组。1周后对各组动物采用小动物体描仪测定豚鼠的咳嗽反射敏感性(CRS), 酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测定各组豚鼠肺组织匀浆P物质(SP)水平。[结果]与空白模型组比较, 风寒方两组干预组显示出改善咳嗽反射敏感性的作用(P<0.05)。抗病毒口服液组、风寒方低剂量组、风寒方高剂量组间比较, SP无统计学差异(P>0.05)。[结论]风寒方干预组具有改善咳嗽反射敏感性的作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.