心脑舒通中黄酮类成分研究

[目的] 研究心脑舒通中黄酮类化学成分。[方法] 采用反相色谱中低压柱色谱,硅胶柱色谱及Agilent 1260制备液相色谱方法进行分离纯化,根据NMR和LC-MS数据进行结构鉴定。[结果] 分离得到6个黄酮类化合物,经鉴定分别是槲皮素(1);异鼠李素(2);槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3);槲皮素-3-O-龙胆二糖苷(4);芦丁(5);山奈酚(6).[结论] 首次分离鉴定了心脑舒通中6个黄酮类化学成分。     

蜀葵花中二氢黄酮类成分的分离与结构鉴定

[目的] 继续研究蜀葵花[Althaea rosea (Linn.) Cavan.]中的化学成分。[方法] 采用硅胶、ODS等柱色谱及高效液相色谱(HPLC)手段对蜀葵花中的二氢黄酮类成分进行分离纯化, 并通过波谱分析方法鉴定单体成分的结构。[结果] 从蜀葵花的95%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了8个二氢黄酮类成分, 分别为(2R, 3R)-二氢山柰酚-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、(2R, 3R)-(+)-花旗松素(2)、(2R, 3R)-花旗松素-3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、(2R, 3R)-花旗松素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、(2R, 3R)-二氢杨梅素-3'-O-葡萄糖苷(5)、(2R, 3R)-3, 5, 6, 7, 4'-pentahydroxyflavanonol(6)、(2S)-4', 5, 7-三羟基黄烷酮(7)、南酸枣苷(8).[结论] 3~6为首次从蜀葵属中分离得到的化合物, 并利用圆二色光谱确定了所有化合物的绝对构型。     

槐米化学成分研究Ⅰ

[目的]对国槐（Sophora japonica L.）米70%乙醇提取物的化学成分继续研究,为开发利用该植物资源提供依据。[方法]采用正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱及高效液相色谱法等方法进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质及光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。[结果]从国槐米体积分数为70%的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了6个单体化合物,分别为icariside F2（1）、gallic acid 3-O-β-D-（6’-O-galloyl）-glucopyranoside（2）、ethyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→6）-β-D-glucoside（3）、Et-（6-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl）-β-D-glucopyranoside（4）、胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷（5）和左旋色氨酸（6）.[结论]化合物 1～5为首次从槐属植物中分离得到的化合物。     

水蛭的化学成分研究

[目的]研究中药水蛭的化学成分。[方法]采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20等色谱方法进行分离纯化,依据理化性质及波谱数据进行结构鉴定。[结果]从中药水蛭的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为：吲哚-3-甲酸-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）、3-吲哚-甲醛（2）、腺苷（3）、2-羟基嘌呤核苷（4）、尿嘧啶核苷（5）、腺嘌呤（6）、尿嘧啶（7）、黄嘌呤（8）和2-哌啶酮（9）。[结论]首次从该药材中分离得到9种化合物。     

祁菊秸秆中奎宁酸酯类成分的分离与结构鉴定

[目的] 对祁菊非药用部位秸秆70%乙醇提取物的化学成分进行研究,为提高现有药用植物资源的再生能力和内在质量奠定化学基础。[方法] 利用正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱及高效液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质及波谱分析鉴定化合物结构。[结果] 从祁菊非药用部位秸秆70%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了8个奎宁酸酯类单体化合物,分别为3-O-咖啡酰基奎宁酸（1）,绿原酸甲酯（2）,4-O-咖啡酰基奎宁酸（3）,1,5-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸（4）,1,4-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸（5）,3,5-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸甲酯（6）,3,4-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸（7）,3,4-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸甲酯（8）。[结论] 化合物2为首次从该种植物中分离得到,3、5、6、8为首次从秸秆中分离得到。     

少药八角果实中的黄酮类成分研究

目的分离并鉴定少药八角Illicium oligandrum果实中的黄酮类成分。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱色谱和ODS反相柱色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,应用核磁共振和质谱等现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从少药八角果实的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为:山柰酚(Ⅰ)、槲皮素(Ⅱ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷(Ⅲ)、异=鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅳ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖苷(Ⅴ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(Ⅵ)、二氢槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(Ⅶ)、二氢山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(Ⅷ)、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅸ)、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅹ)、异鼠李素-3-O-(6″-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(Ⅺ)。结论11个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中,化合物Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅺ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

三白草黄酮类化学成分的研究

目的 研究三白草Saururus chinensis中的黄酮类化学成分。方法 采用各种柱色谱方法分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定黄酮类化合物的结构。结果 从三白草全草中分离鉴定了9个黄酮类化合物,分别为金丝桃苷（1）、槲皮苷（2）、异槲皮苷（3）、槲皮素（4）、槲皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）、槲皮素-7-O-α-D-葡萄糖苷（6）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-7-O-α-D-葡萄糖苷（8）、芦丁（9）。结论 化合物2、5～9为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

齿叶白鹃梅叶中黄酮类化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性研究

[目的]研究齿叶白鹃梅叶中分离得到的黄酮类化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。[方法]以96微孔板法测定α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。[结果]齿叶白鹃梅叶中多个黄酮类化合物具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,其中木犀草素,木犀草素-7-O-β-D-新橙皮糖苷,芹菜素,芹菜素-7-O-β-D-新橙皮糖苷,槲皮素,槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性高于阿卡波糖。[结论]黄酮类化合物可能是齿叶白鹃梅叶具有降糖作用的物质基础。     

荷叶黄酮类化学成分研究

目的研究荷叶(Folium nelumbinis)的黄酮类化学成分。方法荷叶乙醇提取物经大孔树脂初步分离后,采用各种柱色谱法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及光谱数据鉴定结构。结果分离鉴定了8个黄酮类化合物,分别为:异鼠李素(1),山奈酚(2),槲皮素(3),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4),紫云英苷(5),柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6),异槲皮苷(7),金丝桃苷(8)。结论化合物1、4、6为首次从荷叶中分离得到。     

宽叶缬草水溶性化学成分研究

目的 研究宽叶缬草（Valeriana officinalis Linn. var. latiofolia Miq.）根的水溶性化学成分。方法 利用大孔树脂Diaion HP-20柱色谱、硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等手段对宽叶缬草根的水溶性成分进行分离纯化,应用质谱、1D核磁共振光谱（NMR）、2D NMR等方法对分得的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果和结论 从宽叶缬草根中分离并鉴定了13个化合物,分别为甘西鼠尾甲苷A（1）、当归棱子芹醇葡萄糖苷（2）、（-）-当归棱子芹醇-2-O-β-D-呋喃芹菜糖基-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（3）、6-羟基-7-羟甲基-4-亚甲基六氢环戊骈吡喃-1（3H）-酮（4）、缬草苷A（5）、双四氢呋喃木脂素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（6）、（+）-松脂酚-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（7）、小蜡苷Ⅰ（8）、青木香苷A（9）、（+）-1-羟基松脂酚-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（10）、（+）-松脂酚-4,4’-O-二吡喃葡萄糖苷（11）、（+）-环橄榄脂素-6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（12）、松柏苷（13）。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.