17种中药多糖提取物的理化性质研究

[目的] 探究中药多糖的一般理化性质,为中药多糖成分的研究及应用提供参考依据。[方法] 通过比色法、光谱法等多种方法研究17种中药多糖粉末的基本理化性质,包括含量测定、黏度测定、吸湿性与抗氧化能力测定。[结果] 市售的17种中药多糖粉末中多糖含量均较高,且蛋白质含量非常低,具有较好的吸湿性及抗氧化活性。多糖黏度随溶液浓度升高而增大,随温度升高而降低。[结论] 实验所采用的方法可以对17种中药多糖的理化性质进行测定,为多糖的研究提供理论性支持。     

芍药苷稳定性研究

[目的]研究芍药苷在不同温度及pH条件下的稳定性。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法在不同温度及pH条件下,测定芍药苷在不同时间的含量变化。[结果]芍药苷在pH=9.0条件下,高于60℃在3h完全降解,在酸性条件下不降解。[结论]芍药苷在酸性条件下稳定,在碱性条件下随温度的升高,降解加速。     

盐川楝子炮制工艺的初步研究

[目的]探讨盐制川楝子的炮制工艺。[方法]以川楝素含量为指标,采用正交设计实验,以闷润时间、烘制温度、药材大小规格为考察因素筛选炮制工艺。[结果]小规格川楝子药材,用2 g盐加40 mL蒸馏水配成的溶液闷润3 h,然后在200℃下烘干,取出放凉为最佳条件。[结论]优选的饮片加工工艺合理可行,其高效液相色谱(HPLC)方法准确、重复性好,适用于川楝子饮片的质量控制。     

银杏达莫注射液对慢性肺心病急性加重期肺动脉高压及血液流变学的影响

[目的]观察银杏达莫注射液对慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期的临床疗效及对肺动脉高压、血液流变学的影响。[方法]慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期患者随机分为两组,均予西药常规治疗,治疗组加用银杏达莫注射液;比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后肺动脉压、动脉血气分析、血液流变学的变化。[结果]治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05),对肺动脉压、动脉血气分析、血液流变学指标的改善优于对照组。[结论]银杏达莫注射液能有效降低慢性肺源性心脏病肺动脉压,降低血黏度,提高临床疗效。     

益肾软肝合剂中赤芍的定性鉴别

[目的]制定益肾软肝合剂的质量标准。[方法]采用薄层色谱法对方中赤芍进行定性鉴别。[结果]供试品色谱在与对照品、对照药材色谱相应的位置上显相同颜色的斑点,且较清晰。[结论]方法灵敏、准确,专属性强,可用于本制剂的定性鉴别和质量控制。     

正容凝胶剂研制及临床观察

[目的] 将传统软膏剂（正容面瘫膏）改制为凝胶剂,并比较两者治疗效果,为周围性面瘫的治疗提供一种更方便、有效的新剂型。[方法] 以卡波姆P940为凝胶基质,制备了正容凝胶剂。将72例门诊面瘫患者按随机数字表法随机分为两组,对照组和治疗组各36例,在西药治疗的基础上,对照组给予正容面瘫膏贴敷,治疗组给予正容凝胶剂贴敷,以治愈率及1个疗程内的痊愈率为指标,比较两组的治疗效果。[结果] 凝胶剂质量良好,与对照组相比,治愈率显着提高,疗程明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）.[结论] 正容凝胶剂治疗面瘫效果优于传统剂型,使用方便,可作为外用治疗面瘫的新剂型。     

中西医结合治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病120例临床观察

[目的]总结中西医结合治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病及其对血液流变学的影响。[方法]采用传统西药达美康、格华止治疗92例为对照组,在西药对照组治疗的基础上采用活血降糖胶囊配合补肾壮骨胶囊治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病患者120例为治疗组,对两组疗效及其对血液流变学指标的影响进行对比。[结果]治疗组总有效率为90.00%,对照组总有效率为78.26%,治疗组疗效优于对照组;对临床血液流变学指标的改善情况,治疗组明显优于对照组。[结论]益气养阴、活血补肾法比传统西医治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病效果显著,并可明显改善糖尿病患者的血液高黏稠状态。可有效地防治糖尿病微血管并发症。     

益肾活血汤治疗2型糖尿病的临床观察

[目的] 观察自拟方剂益肾活血汤治疗2型糖尿病的临床疗效。[方法] 140例糖尿病患者随机分为益肾活血治疗组72例,西药达美康对照组68例,疗程4个月,对照两组疗效,空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、血脂、血液流变学各项指标进行统计学比较。[结果] 治疗组总有效率为90.3%,对照组总有效率为73.5%,治疗组疗效优于对照组。对临床血脂血液流变学指标的改善情况,治疗组明显优于对照组。[结论] 益肾活血汤比传统西药治疗2型糖尿病疗效显著,可明显改善糖尿病患者高血脂高血黏度的状态。     

金辛镇痛液对急性血瘀证大鼠血液流变学及内皮功能的影响

[目的]观察金辛镇痛液对急性血瘀大鼠血液流变学、血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)的影响,以探讨其活血化瘀作用。[方法]以皮下注射大剂量盐酸肾上腺素附加冰水浴造成大鼠急性血瘀模型,检测大鼠血液流变学指标、血浆ET-1和NO。[结果]模型对照组与正常对照组中血液流变学比较,(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义,并结合大鼠表征证明造模成功。麝香舒活精组、金辛镇痛液低中高剂量组与模型组比较,能不同程度地降低大鼠血液流变学指标,并且大鼠血浆ET-1减少,而NO明显增多,P<0.01或P<0.05。[结论]金辛镇痛液对血瘀证模型大鼠有着明显的活血化瘀作用。     

中西医结合治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期30例临床分析

[目的]观察中西医结合治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期的效果。[方法]30例患者均予化痰清肺汤口服,选用中药静脉制剂并配合抗生素治疗、对症治疗和氧疗。[结果]30例患者经治疗,病情趋于稳定,均出院,平均住院时间24.5d。[结论]中西医结合治疗COPD急性加重期效果较好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.