Serum concentration of the soluble interleukin-2 receptor in vitiligo patients

Serum levels of sIL-2R can be used to monitor in vivo immune activation and its elevation have been shown to be correlated with T cell mediated immune disease such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, lymphoma and systemic sclerosis. Vitiligo is the disease of depigmentation caused by destruction of melanocytes, and there have been extensive studies on the immune pathogenesis. If the pathogenesis of vitiligo is correlated with the activation of T lymphocytes, the change of IL-2R will be detected compared with that of normal control. Therefore we sought the change in sIL-2R to determine whether T lymphocytes from patients with vitiligo show abnormal biological behavior. The quantitation of sIL-2R was done by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from the sera of 79 vitiligo patients and 40 normal controls. The results were summarized as following. The sIL-2R level in vitiligo patients (671.91 +/- 368.59 U/ml) was significantly increased compared with that of controls (370.8 +/- 71.8 U/ml; P < 0.005). According to clinical types, sIL-2R level in focal type of vitiligo patients was significantly higher than those in other types (segmental or generalized; P < 0.05). The sIL-2R level in patients less than 1 year duration was significantly higher than in patients more than 1 year duration (P < 0.05). The sIL-2R levels were not significantly different between active and inactive group. There was no significant differences among sIL-2R levels according to sex or age of onset. Our study showed that sIL-2R level was higher in vitiligo patients compared with that of normal controls, so the activation of T lymphocytes would be an important component in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. The higher sIL-2R levels in recent onset group would suggest that sIL-2R level might be an acute immunologic marker in vitiligo patients.     

白癜风患者血清和皮肤组织液IL-18及IFN-γ水平变化的研究

目的　探讨IL 18和IFN γ在不同类型、不同时期白癜风患者血清及皮肤组织液中水平的变化 ,并分析它们的相关性。方法　采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定 5 7例不同类型、不同时期白癜风患者血清中IL 18和IFN γ的水平 ,并与 2 0例正常对照组比较 ;对其中 45例患者白斑区、非白斑区及 10例正常对照组皮肤组织液同样进行上述细胞因子检测。结果　寻常型白癜风患者血清IL 18和IFN γ(10 0 .41± 40 .0 6pg/ml ,5 5 .0 2± 6.2 8pg/ml)水平均明显高于 (P均 <0 .0 1)正常对照组 (69.15± 18.68pg/ml ,5 1.19± 6.3 5 pg/ml )。寻常型白癜风患者血清IL 18和IFN γ水平进展期高于稳定期 ,二者呈正相关性 ;散发型白癜风白斑区皮肤组织液IL 18(114 .5 4± 2 8.77pg/ml)水平明显高于 (P <0 .0 1)正常对照组 (65 .0 2± 16.3 5 pg/ml)。节段型白癜风患者血清及皮肤组织液中两种细胞因子水平和对照组差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　寻常型白癜风患者血清或皮肤组织液中两种细胞因子有异常表达 ;血清中IL 18与IFN γ存在高度相关性 ,表明IL -18及IFN -γ可能参与寻常型白癜风的发病。     

白癜风患者皮肤组织液氧化-抗氧化物水平比较分析

目的探讨体内氧化-抗氧化状态与白癜风发病的关系。方法采用化学比色法,对24例白癜风患者白斑和非白斑(正常部位皮肤)以及10例健康者组织液进行过氧化氢(H2O2)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)检测。结果白癜风患者白斑H2O2水平(53.97±19.03)mmol/L明显高于健康组(28.98±22.81)mmol/L,进展期患者白斑H2O2水平(56.64±19.91)mmol/L明显高于非白斑(34.71±22.23)mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P均﹤0.01);白癜风白斑CAT水平(17.34±11.05)U/mL明显低于健康组(41.29±16.57)U/mL,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01),进展期白斑CAT水平(13.63±8.32)U/mL低于非白斑(35.72±16.14)U/mL,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);进展期患者的白斑与非白斑处GSH-PX均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P均﹤0.05)。结论白癜风发病可能与H2O2增高、CAT降低等氧化-抗氧化失衡有关。     

白癜风患者血清及皮损中某些酶及微量元素改变研究

本研究检测白癜风患者血清中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)水平及血清、皮肤中锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、硒(Se)、铁(Fe)含量。结果表明:患者血清中GSH-Px、SOD活性及Cu含量低于对照组(P<0.01),MDA、Fe含量高于对照组(P<0.01).皮损处Zn、Cu、Se或Fe含量分别低于或高于周围外观正常皮肤,治疗后血清SOD、GSH-Px活性增高、Cu、Fe含量显著降低(P<0.01)。提示:白癜风患者自由基防御系统中部分酶活性降低,Zn、Cu、Se缺乏。     

白癜风患者皮肤组织液白介素-2及其可溶性受体水平变化的临床研究

目的:探讨细胞因子白介素-2(IL-2)及其可溶性受体(sIL-2R)在白癜风发病中的作用.方法:将52例稳定期白癜风患者根据皮损分布分为寻常型与节段型,进行负压吸疱移植治疗,收集正常皮肤及白斑处的疱液,用酶联免疫吸附法检测皮肤组织液中IL-2和sIL-2R水平变化.结果:寻常型白癜风患者局部白斑处皮肤组织液IL-2水平较非白斑处降低,而sIL-2R水平较非白斑处增高,差异有统计学意义,节段型白癜风白斑与非白斑处皮肤组织液IL-2和sIL-2R水平比较,无明显变化.结论:寻常型稳定期白癜风患者局部白斑皮肤处于免疫异常状态,白癜风的发病可能与IL-2和sIL-2R的变化有关.     

银屑病患者磷脂酶A_2和脂质过氧化物的研究

为了解磷脂酶A2(phospholipaseA2,PLA2)和脂质过氧化物(lipidperoxides,LPO)在银屑病发病中的关系,对51例寻常型银屑病患者和35名健康人进行了血清中PLA2活性和LPO水平的测定,同时对其中20例患者的皮损、非皮损和15名健康人皮肤组织匀浆中的PLA2活性进行了测定。结果显示:(1)银屑病患者血清中PLA2活性和LPO水平明显高于正常人(P<0.01),进行期高于静止期(P<0.05),且二者之间存在着明显的线性正相关(r=0.901,P<0.001);(2)银屑病患者皮损和非皮损中的PLA2活性均高于正常人(前者P<0.01,后者P<0.05),且皮损区PLA2含量高于非皮损区(P<0.01)。提示:PLA2和LPO可能在银屑病的发病机制中起协同作用。     

白癜风患者血浆和皮肤组织液内皮素1的测定

目的了解白癜风患者血浆和皮肤组织液内皮素1(ET-1)水平,并讨论其临床意义。方法采用放射免疫方法对30例白癜风患者和12例健康体检者血浆中ET-1水平进行测定,以及对20例稳定期白癜风白斑部位和对侧部位非白斑的皮肤组织液中ET-1水平进行测定。结果患者白斑部位皮肤组织液ET-1值明显低于非白斑部位(P<0.01);白癜风患者血浆ET-1水平与正常人群差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论在白癜风色素恢复过程中不仅受黑素细胞存在与否的影响,还与邻近角质形成细胞ET-1分泌功能异常有关。     

Levels of neuropeptide-Y in the plasma and skin tissue fluids of patients with vitiligo

In order to study the possible role of neuropeptide-Y (NPY) in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, the authors measured the levels of NPY in the plasma from 47 patients with vitiligo compared with 25 healthy volunteers, and the tissue fluids of skin lesions and uninvolved skin from 32 patients, employing a NPY 125I RIA Kit. The results showed that the levels of NPY in the patients with vitiligo of all of the generalized, local and segmental types were significantly higher than the normal controls. In both local and segmental type, the levels in progressive stage were significantly higher than those in stable stage, while in generalized type, there was no significant difference between those in progressive stage and stable stage. The levels of NPY in the tissue fluids from skin lesions were significantly higher than those from uninvolved skin in both the local type and segmental type, while in the generalized type, there was no significant difference between the NPY level in the tissue fluid from skin lesion and that from uninvolved skin. It is speculated that NPY may play certain roles in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, via neuro-immunity mechanism or neuronal affection on the melanocytes.     

Relationship between Levels of Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptors and the Types and Activity of Vitiligo

Levels of serum-soluble interleukin-2 receptors (serum sIL-2R) are thought to indicate the activation of immunocompetent cells, mainly lymphocytes. Elevated levels of serum sIL-2R have been observed in various infectious and autoimmune diseases and also after organ transplantation. It has been hypothesized that autoimmune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Therefore, we studied serum sIL-2R levels in relation to disease types and activity of vitiligo. We used sera separated from venous blood samples from 12 patients with dermatomally distributed type B vitiligo, 17 patients with non-dermatomally distributed type A vitiligo during the active stage, 9 patients with type A vitiligo during the inactive stage, and 12 normal control subjects. Serum sIL-2R levels were similar in type B vitiligo patients and the controls but were significantly elevated in patients with active type A vitiligo compared with controls and inactive type A vitiligo patients. It is suggested that the immune system is activated in patients with type A vitiligo during the active stage and that autoimmune mechanisms may play a role only in type A vitiligo.     

Levels of beta-endorphin in the plasma and skin tissue fluids of patients with vitiligo

In order to study the possible role of beta-endorphin in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, the authors measured the levels of beta-endorphin in the plasma from 40 patients and the tissue fluids of skin lesions and uninvolved skin from 33 patients with vitiligo, using a 125I RIA kit. The results showed that the levels of plasma beta-endorphin in the patients with vitiligo of all of the generalized, focal and segmental types and in either progressive and stable stages were significantly higher then the normal controls. The levels of beta-endorphin in the tissue fluids from skin lesions were significantly higher than those from uninvolved skin in both the local type and segmental type. In the generalized type, the levels of beta-endorphin were obviously increased in both the tissue fluids from skin lesions and those from uninvolved skin. It seems that beta-endorphin plays a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.     

银屑病患者外周血淋巴细胞天然免疫与特异性免疫相关性的初步研究

目的探讨银屑病患者外周血淋巴细胞天然免疫与细胞及体液免疫功能的相互关系。方法分离新鲜血淋巴细胞,测定其对肿瘤细胞的快速天然免疫反应,并同时采用速率散射比浊法对血清中IgG、IgA、IgM含量进行测定,采用双抗体夹心法测定血清可溶性白介素-2受体(sIL-2R)水平。结果银屑病患者淋巴细胞天然免疫花环率和血清IgA含量均较正常人明显增高(P<0.01,P<0.01),淋巴细胞天然免疫花环率与IgA呈显著正相关(r=0.71,P<0.0001),与sIL-2R呈明显正相关(r=0.39,P<0.05)。结论银屑病发病与免疫异常有关,淋巴细胞天然免疫与特异性免疫相互联系,并可能在发病机制中起到重要的作用。     

The occurrence of cutaneous nerve endings and neuropeptides in vitiligo vulgaris: a case-control study

Pioneering studies both in humans and animals have demonstrated an association between the peripheral nervous system and epidermal melanocyte destruction. The presence of certain neuropeptides and neuronal structural markers in peripheral nerve fibres was investigated in involved and uninvolved vitiligo skin and compared with normal healthy skin. A group of 18 vitiligo vulgaris patients and matched healthy volunteers participated in the investigation. The indirect immunofluorescence technique was employed. There was a tendency for a reduction in the number and intensity of low affinity (p75) nerve growth factor receptor immunoreactive (NGFr-IR) basal keratinocytes in involved vitiliginous skin (P<0.06) compared with control skin, while the number of NGFr-IR nerve fibres was significantly increased (P<0.01). The number of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-IR nerve fibres in the epidermis and papillary dermis was dramatically increased in involved skin as compared with control skin (P<0.01) and with uninvolved skin (P<0.05). No clear difference could be found in the distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-and neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY)-IR nerve fibres. A different structural appearance of the peripheral nervous system as well as a changed balance of neuropeptides in vitiliginous skin point to a critical role of the nervous system in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Work was supported by funds from the Medical Faculty of the Karolinska Institute     

白癜风患者黑素细胞移植的疗效与白介素6、可溶性白介素6受体水平的关系

【摘要】 目的 探讨白介素6（IL-6）、可溶性白介素6受体（sIL-6R）与白癜风患者自体培养黑素细胞移植疗效的关系。 方法 对53例稳定期白癜风患者进行自体培养黑素细胞移植,收集白斑区与非白斑区的疱液,移植后6个月观察疗效,用ELISA的方法测定白癜风患者皮肤组织液中IL-6及sIL-6R水平,比较移植成功组与失败组白斑区及非白斑区组织液中IL-6及sIL-6R水平。 结果 白癜风患者白斑区IL-6（113.22 ± 81.20） ng/L与非白斑区（84.40 ± 48.78） ng/L,及白斑区sIL-6R（56.28 ± 24.87） ng/L和非白斑区（53.96 ± 25.67） ng/L配对比较,差异有统计学意义。移植失败组与成功组比较：白斑区IL-6（153.61 ± 100.26） ng/L的浓度明显高于移植成功组（88.75 ± 55.75） ng/L（P < 0.05）;非白斑区浓度（100.26 ± 55.17） ng/L与（74.78 ± 42.50） ng/L比较,差异无统计学意义,两组之间sIL-6R的浓度比较,差异均无统计学意义。稳定时间 < 1年的白斑区IL-6（148.46 ± 88.00） ng/L与非白斑区（114.82 ± 64.66） ng/L均高于稳定时间 ≥ 1年的白斑区（93.54 ± 71.07） ng/L与非白斑区（67.40 ± 25.23） ng/L（P < 0.05）,而sIL-6R比较,差异无统计学意义。节段型白斑区IL-6（77.33 ± 61.70） ng/L明显低于非节段型（131.68 ± 84.54） ng/L（P < 0.05）,非白斑区IL-6及sIL-6R的组间比较,差异均无统计学意义。非节段型患者的移植成功组非白斑区IL-6（78.25 ± 40.30） ng/L、白斑区（96.27 ± 53.390） ng/L与失败组非白斑区（107.02 ± 42.48） ng/L、白斑区（178.90 ± 96.48） ng/L比较,差异均有统计学意义,sIL-6R在两组间比较,差异无统计学意义。 结论 IL-6在组织液中的异常表达对白癜风患者皮损区的微环境改变有一定的影响,可能与自体黑素细胞移植疗效相关。     

白癜风患者血清α2-巨球蛋白测定的临床意义

目的探讨血清α2巨球蛋白(α2M)水平变化与白癜风的关系及临床意义。方法采用免疫扩散法对79例白癜风患者进行血清α2M水平及免疫球蛋白IgG,IgA,IgM浓度的测定,与正常对照组比较分析。结果与对照组相比,白癜风寻常型与节段型血清α2M水平均显著性升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),以寻常型中进展期尤甚;白癜风患者血清中免疫球蛋白IgG,IgA,IgM的浓度也有显著性变化;血清α2M水平的升高与免疫球蛋白浓度的变化相一致。结论白癜风患者血清α2M水平的升高与白癜风的发病有一定关系。     

卡介菌多糖核酸对尖锐湿疣患者外周血淋巴细胞mIL－2R表达及sIL－2R水平的影响

采用ＩＩＦ和ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别检测了２２例尖锐湿疣（ＣＡ）患者和１６例正常对照者外周血淋巴细胞（ＰＢＬ）上膜白细胞介素２受体（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ）表达水平及其培养上清中可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）的含量，同时观察了卡介菌多糖核酸（ＢＣＧ－ＰＳＮ）在体外对这两项指标的影响。结果发现，患者ＰＢＬ上ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达下降，而培养上清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ含量明显增高；一定浓度的ＢＣＧ－ＰＳＮ能在体外使患者淋巴细胞ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达增强，以及降低培养上清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ的含量。这表明ＣＡ患者存在细胞免疫缺陷，ＢＣＧ－ＰＳＮ能在体外调节患者细胞免疫功能。     

Psoriasis and vitamin A

Summary The vitamin-A status of 107 patient with psoriasis and 37 healthy controls was investigated. The mean serum level of retinol-binding protein (RBP) was normal in the 79 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis covering 25% or less of the skin surface. In the 28 patients with more extensive plaque lesions or pustular/ erythrodermic psoriasis, the mean serum RBP level was significantly lower than in the controls (P<0.05). The cutaneous concentrations of retinol (vitamin A₁), dehydroretinol (vitamin A₂) and carotenoids were measured in extracts of saponified shave-biopsy specimens of uninvolved and involved skin from 33 patients with plaque psoriasis. Their retinol values did not differ significantly from those found in control skin (mean, 252 ng/g), whereas the carotenoid levels in both uninvolved and involved skin were 25%–50% lower. In contrast, the dehydroretinol concentration was higher in the patients' involved skin (mean, 237 ng/g) than in their uninvolved skin (94 ng/g) and healthy control skin (70 ng/g; P<0.01). Although the origin of increased dehydroretinol levels in involved psoriatic skin is unknown, similar increments were observed in control epidermis in which proliferation had been induced by tape stripping. In 7 patients treated with oral etretinate (aromatic retinoid) for 2–3 weeks, the median retinol and dehydroretinol levels in involved skin increased by 107% and 212%, respectively; the vitamin-A concentrations in uninvolved skin did not change significantly. Oral treatment with -carotene/canthaxanthin raised the median carotenoid levels in uninvolved and involved skin by 170% and 610%, respectively, without significantly affecting the vitamin-A composition.     

尖锐湿疣患者细胞免疫功能和血清可溶性粘附分子水平研究

为了解尖锐湿疣(CA)患者的细胞免疫功能和血清可溶性粘附分子水平,采用ELISA方法检测了33例CA患者血清中IL-2及其可溶性受体(sIL-2R)、IL-6、可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)和血管细胞粘附分子-1(sVCAM-1)水平。结果发现患者血清中IL-2及IL-6水平明显低于正常对照(P<0.01),sIL-2R、sICAM-1、sVCAM-1明显高于对照(P<0.05),提示CA患者存在细胞免疫缺陷和血清高粘附分子水平。     

银屑病患者光量子治疗前后血清中IL—2及sIL—2R含量的变化

为进一步探索紫外线照射自血回输治疗寻常型银屑病的机理，应用ＴＵＶＩＳＢ对２４例ＰＶ患者进行治疗，并对治疗前后患者血清中白细胞介素－２及可溶性白细胞介素２受体水平进行检测。     

Gene expression analysis of melanocortin system in vitiligo

BACKGROUND: The melanocortin system in the skin coordinates pigmentation and immune response and could be implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to analyze changes in expression of genes involved in skin pigmentation (melanocortin system and enzymes involved in melanin synthesis). METHODS: With quantitative RT-PCR we measured the mRNA expression levels of eight genes from the melanocortin system and two enzymes involved in melanogenesis. RNA was extracted from both lesional and non-lesional skin of vitiligo patients and in non-sun-exposed skin of healthy subjects. RESULTS: POMC (proopiomelanocortin) expression was lower in lesional skin compared to non-lesional skin. Expression of melanocortin receptors was increased in unaffected skin of vitiligo patients compared to healthy subjects and decreased in lesional skin compared to uninvolved skin of vitiligo patients, the differences were statistically significant in the cases of MC1R (melanocortin receptor 1) and MC4R (melanocortin receptor 4). TRP1 and DCT genes were down-regulated in lesional skin compared to non-lesional vitiligo skin or skin of healthy controls and up-regulated in uninvolved vitiligo skin compared to healthy control samples. In non-lesional skin, POMC expression was not elevated, possibly indicating that systemic influences are involved in up-regulation of MC receptor genes. Decreased expression of the analyzed genes in the lesional skin is not surprising, but statistically significant increased expression of studied genes in non-lesional skin from vitiligo patients is not described previously. CONCLUSION: In our mind, up-regulation of melanocortin system in non-lesional skin could be systemic compensation to restore normal pigmentation in lesions.     

白癜风患者外周血白介素17和孤独核受体的表达

目的 探讨Thl7细胞在白癜风免疫发病机制中的作用.方法 采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测白癜风患者进展期、稳定期和正常人外周血血清中白介素17(IL-17)水平;采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测外周血单一核细胞中孤独核受体(RORγt)mRNA表达水平,并分析其与疾病活动的相关性.结果 进展期与稳定期白癜风外周血中...