五月放歌

五月的天空是湛蓝的，土地是肥沃的，花儿是清香的，叶儿是嫩绿的，树木是茂盛的，鸟儿的歌声是清脆的，婉转的，五月的护士是骄傲的，自豪的。在这鸟语花香的五月，我要顷情歌唱。歌唱我们的姐妹，我们的天使。     

工作中有欣慰也有遗憾

我是一名护士,是百万护士中极其普通的一员。在我的工作岗位上,整天打交道的是一些特殊的人,接触到的是人的生老病死。生的笑容,病的愁容,死的戚容;整天在耳边回荡的是痛苦的呻吟,以及一些扰乱人内心平静的声音;看到的面孔有微笑的,也有依赖的,无奈的,痛苦的,绝望的。这些,在我的心中都留下了不可磨灭的印象。这些印象有的是成功后的欣慰,有的是无法挽回后的遗憾。     

护士的微笑

轻盈的脚步,洁白的衣帽。和蔼可亲的面容,带着真诚的微笑。护士的微笑,如温暖的春风轻飘,驱散着病痛中人们心中的烦恼。护士的微笑,是赢得患者信赖的良青,他们欣慰的目光,是即将康复的先兆。护士的微笑,给了病人精神的治疗。那真诚的微笑,是宾善美的写照。护士的微笑@赵净$辽宁新民县人民医院~~     

护理专业教师人格魅力的构建

教师的人格魅力对学生的影响是耳濡目染的、潜移默化的、受益终生的，主要体现在高尚的人品、渊博的学识、较强的能力、良好的性格、高雅的气质、迷人的风采、精湛而又娴熟的教学艺术及富有创新精神等。构建教师的人格魅力，树立教师的完美形象，应是每一位教师终生为之追求的最高人生境界。     

护士心理品质在新型医学模式中的临床意义

护士良好的心理品质指崇高的道德感，真挚的同情心，敏锐的观察力，思维的独立性．注意的灵活性．积极而又稳定的情绪，良好的性格，美好的语言，良好的能力与技巧以及人际关系。护士良好的心理品质在当代临床实践中的重大意义体现在如下儿个方面。     

白内障手术后房水免疫球蛋白及细胞学检查的分析

经过很多年的研究人们发现,像这种创伤性的手术所导致的BAB的破坏inflammation mediator和白内障手术后后囊膜的再次混浊引发的视力障碍的形成之间的关系非常的密切。     

护士心理品质的培养

做一名合格的护士，应当具备良好的心理品质、高尚的道德和真挚的同情心、敏锐的观察力和准确的记忆力、积极而又稳定的情绪和良好的性格、美好的语言和娴熟的技术等。护士的优良心理品质并非生来就有的，而是靠崇高的理想和坚强的意志，并在实践中刻苦磨炼慢慢发展和培养起来的。     

浅谈在急诊科实施健康教育的沟通技巧

要求教育者具备一定的知识和技能，掌握一定的传播技巧。加强教育知识和技能的学习，以适应社会医学模式的转变；语言教育方法，主要是通过口头语言进行教育的方式；人际传播的技巧，社会与文化的差异，传播对象的消极态度，理解力和记忆力的低下，矛盾的信念，与教育对象的沟通与交谈，讲究运用语言的技巧，恰当的称呼，采用听者能够理解的语言和易于接受的方式向听者提供个人需要的信息，达到表达思想，形成共识的目的。采取正确的教育方法和途径，掌握一定的传播技巧，是作好健康教育的基本务件，健康教育的开展，提高了病人家属的健康意识和自我保健能力，收到良好的社会效果。     

心理治疗效果的评价及其影响因素

1心理治疗效果的评价 1.1评价的依据 1.1.1心理症状的改变：患者的心理症状,如感到焦虑、抑郁、紧张、恐惧等,是自觉的、不舒适的、病态的精神状态.通常可用已有的症状问卷来测量,或单靠患者主观的申诉描写.假如患者本来的主诉是严重的恐慌、惧怕或其他心情上的症状,可作为治疗效果的主要评价指标.但要注意的是,从心理治疗的经验来看,有些患者随治疗的进行会有起伏性的变化.     

护士心理健康状况研究进展

心理健康指的是一种良好的、持续的心理状态与过程，是指个人具有生命的活力，积极的内心体验，良好的社会适应能力，能够有效地发挥个人的身心潜力以及作为社会一员的积极的社会功能。职业心理压力的研究是健康心理学研究的重要课题。护士作为一个高应激的职业群体。工作对象是活生生的患者，其良好的心理健康状况对工作质量及患者的康复进程有着积极的作用，     

平阳霉素碘油乳剂治疗肝血管瘤的应用价值

目的：进一步探讨平阳霉素碘油乳剂（pigyangmycin-lipiodol emulsion,PLE)治疗肝血管瘤的临床应用和疗效。材料与方法：回顾性分析5例肝血管瘤,瘤体大小介于3cm-7.4cm,经超选择肿瘤供血动脉插管,注入平阳霉素碘化油乳,后定期复查。结果：经介入栓塞治疗后,碘油沉积好,所有瘤体均有不同程度的缩小,术后并发症少,其中2例2年后超声复查瘤体消失。结论：用平阳霉素碘油乳剂在X线监视下治疗肝和因管瘤是理想的方法,其疗效显著,安全性好,可作为首选。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞配合中药治疗转移性肝癌的疗效观察

目的：探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞配合中药治疗转移性肝癌的疗效。材料与方法：对32例转移性肝癌均进行两次以上的肝动脉介入化疗栓塞配合口服中药山仙冲剂治疗，6周后行B超、CT、数字减影复查其疗效。结果：病灶变小，生存质量、治疗后生存期均有明显改善。结论：肝动脉化疗栓塞配合中药治疗转移性肝癌疗效好，毒副作用小，明显优于目前临床报道的单纯化疗栓塞治疗。     

肺动脉栓塞术的实验性研究

用７只健康成兔进行碘化油线段选择性肺动脉栓塞术（ＰＡＥ），目的是观察其影像表现及组织学变化。结果显示栓塞区的树枝状影的肺动脉末稍呈絮状或斑片状影，影像放第八周末近於全消退。组织学改变为栓塞区小血管扩张、外周炎性细胞浸润、血栓形成，无组织坏死。实验证明用碘油线段做兔ＰＡＥ易放影像观察，存留时间长，安全可行。     

Iodized oil retention due to postbiopsy arterioportal shunt: a false positive lesion in the investigation of hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Iodized-oil computed tomography (CT) is useful for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, but there may be false-positive results in patients who have undergone some percutaneous transhepatic interventional procedures. The purpose of the present study was to verify the correlation between subsegmental hepatic parenchymal retention of iodized oil on CT and the arterioportal shunt caused by liver biopsy. METHODS: Iodized-oil CT scans were reviewed in 24 patients with hepatic tumors who had liver biopsy and subsequent iodized oil chemoembolization. Iodized oil chemoembolization was performed shortly after biopsy (1-10 days; mean = 2.6 days). The results were correlated with hepatic arteriography, with a special emphasis on the presence of hepatic arterioportal shunt. RESULTS: Wedge-shaped subsegmental retention of iodized oil along or adjacent to the biopsy needle path was observed in iodized-oil CT in 17 of the 24 patients. In three patients, there was subsegmental enhancement on prebiopsy helical dynamic liver CT at the same area of iodized oil retention, and therefore iodized oil retention was considered to be due to hepatocellular carcinoma. In the remaining 13 (54%) patients, the peripheral iodized oil retention was considered to be due to biopsy-induced arterioportal shunt. In all these patients, arterioportal shunt was confirmed by hepatic arteriography. CONCLUSION: Wedge-shaped hepatic parenchymal retention of iodized oil is commonly observed in iodized-oil CT due to biopsy-induced arterioportal shunt, and this appearance should not be confused with a hepatocellular carcinoma.     

平阳霉素碘油乳剂治疗肝血管瘤的疗效评价

目的评价平阳霉素碘油乳剂肝动脉栓塞治疗对肝血管瘤的临床疗效。方法将43例肝血管瘤患者随机分为对照组21例和观察组22例。对照组选用超液态碘化油5～20ml与适量造影剂混合制成碘化油乳剂进行栓塞治疗;观察组将平阳霉素8～24mg溶于2％的利多卡因3～5ml中,然后与碘化油5—20ml充分混合制成碘化油乳剂进行栓塞治疗。结果本组43例患者共行栓塞治疗52次,其中7例在2个月后行第二次栓塞（包括4例无效患者）,1例在2～5个月内行第三次栓塞。术后2—6个月复查B超、CT或行肝动脉造影,除3例无效患者外,其余患者肿瘤均有不同程度的缩小。观察组治疗效果明显优于对照组,结果经z。检验,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论平阳霉素碘油乳剂动脉栓塞对肝血管瘤疗效较好,安全可靠,副反应小,可作为首选治疗方法。     

影响肝癌经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞疗效因素分析

目的探讨影响肝癌经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞疗效的因素。方法选取2009年3月至2012年3月行肝动脉化疗栓塞的肝癌患者100例作为临床研究对象。调查影响疗效的相关因素,并对其进行单因素分析筛选,再行COX回归分析。结果治疗方法、碘化油沉积、肿块类型、肿瘤血供、肝功能以及门脉癌栓是影响肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞的影响因素,肝功能(B=0.5472,Exp(B)=1.6874)、门脉癌栓[B=0.6313,Exp(B)=1.8331]是影响预后的主要因素。结论影响肝癌经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞疗效的因素包括治疗方法、碘化油沉积、肿块类型、肿瘤血供、肝功能以及门脉癌栓等,了解影响疗效的因素对提高疗效及改善预后具有积极的意义。     

羟基喜树碱肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌108例临床分析

目的：观察羟基喜树碱（HCPT）为主治疗原发性中晚期肝癌（HCC）的疗效和毒副作用。材料与方法：采用HCPT联合5-Fu、丝裂霉素、阿霉素或顺铂与碘化油混合后治疗中期HCC54例（治疗组），并与不含HCPT方案的TACE组成对照组54例进行对照研究。结果：治疗组患者临床症状缓解，有效率为72．8％，毒副反应发生率低，平均生存率为7．8个月。对照组有效率为51．5％，平均生存率为5．4个月。结论：采用HCPT联合5-Fu、丝裂霉素、阿霉素或顺铂与碘化油混合后介入治疗中晚期HCC，有可能延长患者的生存期，提高生存质量，此方法值得进一步研究。     

经皮肝穿门静脉联合经肝动脉热灌注治疗肝转移癌48例

目的:探讨经皮肝穿门静脉入路联合经肝动脉灌注加热的化疗药物和碘油治疗肝转移癌的疗效。方法:肝转移癌患者96例,随机分为联合组48例和对照组48例,分别采用经门静脉入路联合经肝动脉热灌注和常规经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗。结果:术后复查CT、MRI,联合组有效率明显高于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后随访6、12、18、24个月,联合组生存期明显优于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:经皮肝穿门静脉入路联合经肝动脉热灌注治疗肝转移癌疗效比常规经肝动脉化疗栓塞方法更有效,且不良反应发生率与对照组无明显差异。     

MR findings of hepatic cavernous hemangioma after intraarterial infusion of iodized oil

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed on five tumors of three patients who had hepatic hemangiomas. Four tumors were given an intraarterial infusion of 3–8 ml of iodized oil, while one tumor was not. MR images were obtained at 2.0 or 0.5 T. A single spin echo sequence with TE of 30 ms and TR of 500 ms and a double echo sequence with TEs of 60 and 150 ms and TR of 2000 ms, were used to produce relatively T1-, T2-weighted, and heavily T2-weighted images, respectively. Follow-up MR imaging was done 1–5 months after infusion of iodized oil. On relatively T1 weighted images, hemangiomas showed iso or hypointensity. On T2-weighted images, all tumors showed hyperintensity. However, on heavily T2-weighted images, tumors with iodized oil showed heterogeneous, slight hyperintensity, while tumors without iodized oil showed characteristic appearance of marked hyperintensity in hemangiomas. In hepatic cavernous hemangiomas with intraarterial infusion of iodized oil, familiarity with this unusual MR intensity of tumors on heavily T2-weighted images is useful to avoid the incorrect diagnosis and to reduce the frequency of inappropriate hepatic resection.     

Iodized-oil retention within hepatic hemangioma: characteristics on iodized-oil CT

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristic computed tomographic (CT) appearance of iodized-oil retention in hepatic hemangioma and to evaluate the duration of the retention of iodized oil on follow-up CT. Methods: Seventeen hepatic hemangiomas of 14 patients were studied with CT performed 1–3 weeks after injection of 2–9 ml of iodized oil (iodized-oil CT) for the characterization of focal hepatic lesions, which needed differential diagnosis with hepatocellular carcinoma in 10 patients, for therapy in two patients, and for chemoembolization therapy of accompanying hepatocellular carcinomas in two. Twelve patients had 1–7 follow-up CT scans within an interval of 1–38 months. Results: In all cases, iodized-oil CT showed iodized-oil retention within the tumor, regardless of tumor size, shape, location, and amount of injected iodized oil. The distribution was incomplete and predominantly peripheral in all cases. Central retention was also seen in seven cases, in which a relatively large amount of iodized oil was injected, but retention of iodized oil in the tumor was incomplete even in two cases in which a large amount of iodized oil was injected to relieve symptoms and in three cases in which prominent uptake of surrounding liver parenchyma was seen. Patterns of retention were predominantly spotty in five, predominantly nodular in four, and mixed in eight patients. Retention materials slowly washed out but persisted for at least 3 months and up to 38 months (mean = 18.1 months), and complete washout was not seen in any cases at follow-up CT. Conclusion: In all cases of hepatic hemangiomas, iodized oil was retained, and retention persisted over several months. Distribution and patterns of retention were characteristically peripheral, spotty, and nodular at iodized-oil CT. Knowledge of the iodized-oil CT appearance of hepatic hemangioma would be helpful to interpret follow-up CT studies of patients who have undergone iodized-oil chemoembolization procedures. Received: 22 August 1994/Accepted: 31 March 1995