灯盏花素对急性肺栓塞大鼠的保护作用

目的:观察灯盏花素对急性肺栓塞大鼠的保护作用。方法:将40只健康SD雄性大鼠随机分成4组,即假手术组、模型组、灯盏花素低剂量组与灯盏花素高剂量组,各10只。其中模型组、灯盏花素低剂量组、灯盏花素高剂量组在制备肺栓塞模型时均采用颈总静脉注射自体血栓的方法,假手术组则注射葡萄糖氯化钠注射液。灯盏花素低剂量组、灯盏花素高剂量组腹腔注射灯盏花素进行干预。取大鼠动脉血行血气分析;测定大鼠肺系数、湿质量干质量比(W/D);检测大鼠肺组织丙二醛(MDA)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果:灯盏花素高、低剂量组较模型组的氧分压(PO2)、二氧化碳分压(PCO2)水平均升高,灯盏花素高、低剂量组肺系数、W/D、MDA含量较模型组降低,SOD活性较模型组升高。结论:灯盏花素对急性肺栓塞大鼠有保护作用。     

大蒜精油对糖尿病大鼠心肌组织形态学及心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的：观察大蒜精油对糖尿病大鼠心肌组织形态学及心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法：应用链脲佐菌素建立糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分为糖尿病模型组、大蒜精油低、中、高剂量组,同时设正常对照组。大蒜精油各剂量组按不同浓度比例喂饲大蒜精油。连续干预16天后观察动物一般情况、血糖水平,处死后测全心、左心重量变化;剪取左心室组织,HE及Masson三色染色,镜下观察心脏组织;TUNEL检测心肌细胞凋亡情况。结果：模型组血糖升高明显、全心重及左心室重增加、心肌纤维肥大、心肌出现纤维化、心肌细胞凋亡明显,大蒜精油各组情况得到改善,以大剂量为明显。结论：大蒜精油可有效改善糖尿病大鼠心肌组织结构,减轻心肌纤维化,明显抑制心肌细胞凋亡。     

灯盏花素对糖尿病大鼠心肌转化生长因子-β1和Smad7表达的影响

目的 探讨灯盏花素对糖尿病大鼠心肌转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和Smad7表达的影响.方法 健康SD大鼠30只,随机选取20只造模成功后分为糖尿病组(DM组)和灯盏花素治疗组(Bre组)各10只,余10只作为正常对照组(NC组).Bre组给予灯盏花素注射液20 mg/(kg*d)腹腔内注射,DM组和NC组等量生理盐水腹腔内注射,12周后,尾静脉测血糖,测定大鼠心功能,计算心指数,光镜观察心肌结构病理改变,电镜观察心肌超微结构改变,免疫组化法检测大鼠心肌TGF-β1、Smad7蛋白表达水平.结果 Bre组与DM组间血糖值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);灯盏花素能显著降低糖尿病大鼠的心指数,明显升高左心室内压最大上升和下降速率,显著减轻心肌病理改变,减少心肌TGF-β1和增加Smad7的表达(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 灯盏花素可减轻糖尿病大鼠心肌的病理改变,保护糖尿病大鼠心脏功能,其机制可能是通过改善心肌中TGF-β1、Smad7的表达,从而抑制糖尿病大鼠心肌的纤维化来发挥对糖尿病大鼠心脏的保护作用.     

灯盏花素对糖尿病大鼠心肌TGF-β1和Smad7表达的影响

目的 探讨灯盏花素对糖尿病大鼠心肌TGF-β1和Smad7表达的影响。方法 健康SD大鼠30只,随机选取20只造模成功后分为糖尿病组(DM组)和灯盏花素治疗组(Bre组）各10只,余10只作为正常对照组(NC组)。Bre组给予灯盏花素注射液20mg·kg-1·d-1腹腔内注射,DM组和NC组等量生理盐水腹腔内注射,12w后,尾静脉测血糖;测定大鼠心功能;计算心指数;光镜观察心肌结构病理改变;电镜观察心肌超微结构改变;免疫组化法检测大鼠心肌TGF-β1、Smad7蛋白表达水平。结果 Bre组与DM组间血糖值无明显差异（P>0.05）;灯盏花素能显著降低糖尿病大鼠的心指数,明显升高左室内压上升、下降最大速率,显著减轻心肌病理改变,减少心肌TGF-β1和增加Smad7的表达（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论 灯盏花素可减轻糖尿病大鼠心肌的病理改变,保护糖尿病大鼠心脏功能,其机制可能是通过改善心肌中TGF-β1、 Smad7的表达,从而抑制糖尿病大鼠心肌的纤维化来发挥对糖尿病大鼠心脏的保护作用。     

雌激素对雌性大鼠糖脂代谢和心脏结构的影响

目的:探讨高脂饮食和雌激素对雌性大鼠糖脂代谢和心脏结构的影响?方法:测定高脂饮食?去势后高脂饮食及去势后注射雌激素并高脂饮食3组雌性大鼠的体重变化?腹腔内脂肪重量?血糖及血胰岛素水平?血清雌二醇及血脂水平?心脏彩超检测大鼠心脏结构相关指标,心脏组织HE染色后显微镜下观察组织变化?结果:雌激素水平与肥胖程度呈负相关,雌激素可降低大鼠空腹血糖,改善胰岛素抵抗,降低血清总胆固醇含量,保护心肌细胞减轻变性坏死?结论:雌激素可有效改善由肥胖所致的胰岛素抵抗和脂代谢异常,保护心脏的结构?     

siRNA沉默NPY抑制心肌梗死后大鼠心肌细胞肥大的实验研究

目的观察应用小RNA干扰（siRNA）技术沉默NPY对心肌梗死后大鼠心肌细胞肥大的治疗效果。方法构建沉默NPYmRNA表达的siRNA质粒;结扎冠状动脉左前降支,建立心肌梗死模型。分梗死组（MI组）、空载质粒组和NPYsiRNA治疗组;术后21d,测定大鼠左室重量指数,心肌细胞横断面积,RT-PCR检测NPYmRNA表达,Western-Blot检测NPY蛋白表达水平,并行病理切片HE染色。结果术后21d,NPYsiRNA治疗组大鼠心肌左室重量指数,心肌细胞表面积,NPYmRNA表达水平以及NPY蛋白表达水平较梗死组（MI组）、空载质粒组显著降低,且有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,与病理切片HE染色一致。结论 靶向NPY的siRNA技术通过对NPY的有效沉默可明显减轻心肌梗死后大鼠心肌细胞肥大发挥良好的治疗效果。     

灯盏花素对胰岛素抵抗大鼠骨骼肌脂肪酸代谢的影响

目的:探讨灯盏花素对胰岛素抵抗大鼠骨骼肌脂质沉积及脂肪酸代谢的影响。方法:选取健康雄性SD大鼠40只,分为正常组10只和高脂高糖组30只,分别给予普通饲料和高脂高糖饲料,喂养12周后行葡萄糖耐量试验,根据成模标准,筛选出成模大鼠30只,剔除4只状态不佳和死亡大鼠,将其余26只大鼠分为模型组9只,灯盏花素高剂量组8只和灯盏花素低剂量组9只。灯盏花素高、低剂量组分别腹腔注射相应剂量的灯盏花素,正常组和模型组腹腔注射等体积0.9%氯化钠溶液,四组均给药2周,2周后取所需组织进行各指标检测。结果:模型组腹脂指数、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹血清胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)、血清和组织内FFA、TG、脂滴面积/肌纤维总面积、光密度平均值、LccoAs含量及FAT/CD36均处于四组中最高,而CPT-1处于四组中最低。结论:12周高脂高糖喂养成功诱导IR大鼠模型,灯盏花素可明显改善胰岛素抵抗,改善骨骼肌脂质沉积,其作用可能与CPT-1表达的上调和FAT/CD36的表达下降有关。     

苦瓜总皂苷对2型糖尿病大鼠心肌脂联素受体1表达及心功能的影响

目的 探讨苦瓜总皂苷对2型糖尿病大鼠心功能及心肌组织中脂联素受体1 (AdipoR1)表达的影响.方法 60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组以及苦瓜总皂苷治疗组,模型建立成功后,苦瓜总皂苷治疗组给予苦瓜总皂苷(20 mg/kg.d)灌胃治疗,对照组和模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃,分别于治疗4、8周后处死大鼠各半,测定血糖、胰岛素、血脂以及心功能,HE染色检测心脏病理学,RT-PCR以及Western Blot检测心脏组织中AdipoR1 mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果 造模成功后,糖尿病组大鼠血糖、血脂(TG、TC和FFA)以及心功能指标(CK、CK-MB、LDH和HBDH)明显升高(P＜0.05),胰岛素含量明显降低(P.05),治疗4周后,除胰岛素明显升高外(P＜0.05),各生化指标均明显下降(P＜0.05),治疗8周后进一步改善;HE染色可见,糖尿病大鼠心脏有轻微的损伤,苦瓜总皂苷对其有一定的调节作用;造模成功后模型组心肌AdipoR1 mRNA水平和蛋白表达相较于正常组明显升高(P.05),苦瓜总皂苷治疗后其AdipoR1表达显著降低(P＜0.05).结论 苦瓜总皂苷可通过降低2型糖尿病大鼠心脏组织中AdipoR1的表达,调节血脂,改善心脏功能,最终保护心肌细胞.     

灯盏花素对链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠的膀胱逼尿肌的影响

目的:观察灯盏花素对链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠的膀胱逼尿肌的影响。方法:雌性SD大鼠分为正常对照组(C组)、糖尿病组(D组)、糖尿病灯盏花素治疗组(DD组)。以高糖高脂饮食及小剂量连脲佐菌素(30mg/kg)制备2型糖尿病大鼠模型。16周后光镜下观察膀胱逼尿肌在常规HE染色和苦味酸酸性品红(V-G)染色的改变。结果:糖尿病组大鼠与正常对照组差异明显,治疗组较糖尿病组明显下降。结论:在链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠,灯盏花素具有保护膀胱逼尿肌功能。     

糖尿病大鼠氧自由基变化及灯盏花素对其的影响

目的:探讨灯盏花素对糖尿病大鼠氧自由基的影响及机制.方法:给大鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素制作糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分为糖尿病组、灯盏花素治疗组和对照组.用灯盏花素四周后处死大鼠,检测血清、心脏、肝脏、肾脏组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性.结果:与对照组相比,糖尿病组血清、心脏、肝脏MDA明显升高,肾脏MDA无明显变化;血清、心脏、肝脏SOD和GSH-PX明显降低,肾脏SOD和GSH-PX无明显变化.用灯盏花素四周后血清、心脏、肝脏MDA低于糖尿病组,肾脏MDA无明显变化;心脏、肝脏SOD高于糖尿病组,血清、肾脏SOD无明显变化;血清、肝脏GSH-PX高于糖尿病组,心脏、肾脏GSH-PX无明显变化.结论:糖尿病大鼠心脏、肝脏等重要脏器存在脂质过氧化损伤,灯盏花素通过提高心脏、肝脏SOD活性,降低心脏、肝脏MDA含量,减轻脂质过氧化和自由基损伤.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.