血浆B型脑钠肽前体和D-二聚体水平对急性脑梗死预后的影响

目的 探究血浆B型脑钠肽前体和D-二聚体水平对急性脑梗死预后的影响.方法 选取本院2013年7月~2015年7月期间进行体检的120例健康人作为对照组,将同时期内确诊的120例急性脑梗死患者作为观察组.测定两组研究对象的血浆B型脑钠肽前体和D-二聚体水平,比较观察组患者血浆B型脑钠肽前体和D-二聚体水平与脑梗死面积、合并并发症、死亡等预后情况之间的关系.结果 观察组NT-proBNP(2274.16±74.83)ng/L、D-二聚体水平(363.84±34.86)mg/mL高于对照组的(126.27±23.74)ng/L、(134.71±26.93)mg/mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组大面积脑梗死患者的NT-proBNP(3876.42±137.69)ng/L、与D-二聚体水平(571.28±113.64)mg/mL高于小面积脑梗死患者(286.49±48.88)ng/L、(179.57±45.63)mg/mL,合并意识障碍患者NT-proBNP(5034.61±332.27)ng/L、D-二聚体水平为(524.77±197.67)mg/mL高于无意识障碍患者(4031.17±302.73)ng/L、(226.54±153.84)mg/mL,合并高血压患者NT-proBNP(4284.05±385.33)ng/L、D-二聚体(558.61±193.47)mg/mL高于无高血压患者(4203.63±287.66)ng/L、(231.73±142.88)mg/mL,死亡患者NT-proBNP与D-二聚体水平分别为(9386.77±375.61)ng/L、(924.65±265.42)mg/mL高于存活患者(2385.86±113.83)ng/L、(431.84±94.71)mg/mL,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 血浆B型脑钠肽前体和D-二聚体水平能够反映急性脑梗死患者的病情与预后情况,血浆B型脑钠肽前体和D-二聚体水平越高患者表明患者的预后情况越差,有利于为患者的临床治疗提供指导意见,值得推广.     

感染性休克患者血乳酸测定的临床意义

目的:探讨血乳酸水平与感染性休克患者预后的关系。方法:58例感染性休克患者分为存活组和死亡组,动态监测血乳酸值及进行APACHEⅡ评分,比较上述指标的差异性。结果:①对照组、感染性休克患者存活组、死亡组治疗前动脉血乳酸水平分别为(0.63±0.33)mmol/L,(2.88±0.35)mmol/L,(7.54±0.66)mmol/L,感染性休克患者存活组血乳酸水平较对照组明显增高(P<0.05);死亡组血乳酸水平较存活组明显升高(P<0.05)。②感染性休克患者存活组血乳酸在48 h内达到正常,而死亡组患者的血乳酸明显高于存活组(P<0.05),随着血乳酸浓度的下降感染性休克患者的严重程度降低,生存率显著提高。③死亡组患者APACHEⅡ评分分值明显高于存活组(P<0.05),APACHEⅡ评分与血乳酸浓度显著正相关(r=0.674)。结论:血乳酸测定对于判断感染性休克患者病情预后具有重要价值。     

APACHEⅡ评分、动脉血乳酸、氧合指数、CRP、D-二聚体等指标对重症肺炎预后的价值

目的探讨急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、动脉血乳酸(Lac)、氧合指数、C反应蛋白(CRP)以及D-二聚体预测对重症肺炎患者预后的价值。方法选择2012年1月至2014年12月入住岳池县人民医院ICU病房的106例重症肺炎患者,根据患者预后情况分为存活组(51例)和死亡组(55例),测定两组患者入住ICU后APACHEⅡ、Lac、氧和指数、CRP以及D-二聚体等指标水平,分析上述指标与患者预后的关系。结果入ICU时,死亡组患者的年龄高于存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);存活组患者与死亡组患者重症社区获得性肺炎(SCAP)和重症医院获得性肺炎(SCAP)比例、机械通气比例以及合并基础疾病种类比较差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者的APACHEⅡ、氧和指数、Lac、CRP以及D-二聚体比较差异均有统计学意义[(20.3±4.2)比(27.5±5.1);(278.1±25.3)比(257.4±29.0);(3.3±1.1)mmol/L比(4.3±1.3)mmol/L;(72.0±28.9)mg/L比(105.5±32.7)mg/L;(3.5±1.2)mg/L比(5.2±2.1)mg/L](P<0.01);死亡组中APACHEⅡ>30分(69.2%)、氧合指数<250(68.4%)、Lac>4 mmol/L(69.1%)、CRP≥100mg/L(74.4%)以及D-二聚体≥5.0 mg/L(73.2%)的患者所占的比例均高于存活组[分别为(30.8%、31.6%、30.9%、25.6%以及26.8%)],比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论APACHEⅡ、氧和指数、Lac、C反应蛋白及D-二聚体与重症肺炎患者的预后密切相关,超越临界值患者的死亡风险较高,临床在诊疗时应密切注意。     

重症脓毒症患者动态监测血乳酸及D-二聚体的临床研究

目的 动态观察外科重症脓毒症患者血清血乳酸及D-二聚体水平与预后的关系.方法 回顾性分析55例符合重症脓毒症标准的患者,比较8、16、24、48、72和168 h的血乳酸变化和24、72、168 h的D-二聚体变化.结果 其中34例存活,21例死亡,死亡率为38.2%,均死于多器官功能衰竭.34例存活组血乳酸48 h内均达到正常,而21例死亡组直至第168 h仍明显高于存活组和正常值(P<0.05).死亡组24 h D-二聚体水平比存活组明显升高(为正常值的5倍)(P<0.05),在72和168 h两组无显著差异(P>0.05),但两组D-二聚体仍明显升高(为正常值的2.5倍).若以24 h血乳酸和24 hD-二聚体预测死亡能力作ROC曲线,24 h血乳酸和D-二聚体的预测死亡能力相当.结论 动态监测1周内血乳酸水平是判断重症脓毒症患者预后的一个重要指标,血乳酸48 h内降至正常,预后良好;随后的血乳酸仍高于正常,预后差.24 h血乳酸水平与24 h D-二聚体水平预测死亡能力相当.     

血浆D-二聚体在急性胰腺炎诊治中的作用

目的 探讨D-二聚体在重症急性胰腺炎时的变化及意义.方法 选择126例急性胰腺炎患者,包括66例重症患者及60例轻症患者,选取160例健康体检者作为对照组,测定血浆D-二聚体.记录患者入院后第1天各项实验室指标、48小时Ranson和24小时APACHE Ⅱ评分,分析D-二聚体含量与实验室指标、评分间的关系.结果 D-二聚体含量对照组为(0.41±0.02) mg/L,轻症组为(0.74+0.14) mg/L,两者差异有显著性(P＜0.05),重症组为(2.69+0.63) mg/L,与对照组及轻症组比较差异均有显著性(P＜0.05).患者血浆D-二聚体水平与Ranson评分、APACHE Ⅱ评分均呈显著正相关(P＜0.01).结论 急性胰腺炎患者血浆D-二聚体升高,D-二.聚体含量和胰腺炎病情严重程度明显相关.     

过敏性紫癜患儿血D-二聚体测定的意义

目的观察过敏性紫癜患儿不同病期血D-二聚体的变化。方法观察30例于入院时及恢复期取血,采用NycocardReaderⅡ多功能全定量金标法测定仪测定D-二聚体的量,并与健康儿童25例(正常组)作比较。结果正常组D-二聚体0.33±0.12mg/L,观察组发病初期1.87±0.76mg/L,较正常组显著升高(P<0.01),恢复期下降至0.41±0.25mg/L,较发病初期差异有非常显著性意义,P<0.01。结论D-二聚体测定能早期、准确判断过敏性紫癜患儿的血液高凝状态,并可作为预后的判断指标。     

降钙素原、C反应蛋白、乳酸对脓毒症预后的判断价值

目的：研究降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、乳酸对脓毒症患者预后的判断价值。方法：选取86例脓毒症患者,根据病情分为脓毒症组28例、严重脓毒症组28例和脓毒性休克组30例,根据患者的预后分为生存组50例和死亡组36例。检测患者入院时血PCT、CRP和乳酸,进行APACHEⅡ评分,比较各组间PCT、CRP、乳酸和APACHEⅡ评分的差异,分析PCT、CRP、乳酸与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性。结果：脓毒性休克组患者血PCT（20.08±1.64 ng/mL）、CRP（175.60±9.62mmol/L）、乳酸水平（8.87±0.53mmol/L）和APACHEⅡ评分（51.58±3.23分）高于脓毒症组和严重脓毒症组,严重脓毒症组血PCT（8.57±0.61ng/mL）、CRP（159.66±11.74mmol/L）、乳酸水平（3.93±0.31mmol/L）和APACHEⅡ评分（45.49±1.73分）高于脓毒症组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,死亡组患者血PCT（23.15±14.7ng/mL）、CRP（165.20±4.33mmol/L）、乳酸水平（6.48±1.51mmol/L）和APACHEⅡ评分（52.14±4.06分）高于生存组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,脓毒症患者PCT、CRP、乳酸水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：监测脓毒症患者PCT、CRP和乳酸水平能评估病情的严重程度和预后,有助于临床医生采取积极有效的治疗措施,降低患者的病死率。     

中晚期肺癌患者D-二聚体水平的临床意义

目的 探讨中晚期肺癌患者D-二聚体的临床意义.方法 方便选取该院2013年1月—2015年1月手指的Ⅲ~Ⅳ期经病理确诊的60例中晚期肺癌患者,其中Ⅲ期38例,Ⅳ期22例;鳞癌22例,腺癌23例,小细胞癌15例,检测分析D-二聚体水平,D-二聚体浓度≥0.5 mg/L为阳性.结果 肺癌患者Ⅲ期D-二聚体均值为(0.54±0.09)mg/L,Ⅳ期D-二聚体均值为(1.38±0.36)mg/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),分期与患者D-二聚体水平呈正相关,分期越晚,D-二聚体水平越高.不同肿瘤病理类型之间D-二聚体有一定差异,腺癌D-二聚体均值为(0.73±0.41)mg/L,鳞癌D-二聚体均值为(2.11±0.71)mg/L,小细胞癌D二聚体均值为(1.45±0.23)mg/L,两两比较发现腺癌与小细胞肺癌,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),鳞癌与腺癌、小细胞肺癌比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).吸烟组D-二聚体均值为(2.37±0.74)mg/L,不吸烟组D二聚体均值为(1.15±0.23)mg/L,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 D-二聚体对中晚期肺癌的分期及病理类型的有一定临床意义,晚期肺癌患者中是否吸烟对D-二聚体有重要影响.     

NLR及生化指标对脓毒血症患者预后评估的临床价值

目的探讨NLR及生化指标对脓毒血症患者预后评估的临床价值。方法通过对2013年1月～2017年12月在我院治疗的80例脓毒血症患者临床资料的回顾,分析患者一般资料、生化指标的相关性。结果生存组和死亡组患者的性别、年龄、ICU住院时间、氧合指数、机械通气时间、白细胞、血清肌酐、早期乳酸清除率、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),生存组患者APACHEⅡ评分(21.58±5.39)分、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(6.37±1.09)较死亡组明显下降(P0.05);生存组降钙素原(1.09±0.52)ng/mL、D-二聚体(0.25±0.04)mg/L、乳酸(1.52±0.46)mmol/L同死亡组比较明显下降(P0.05);经多因素分析APACHEⅡ评分、NLR、降钙素原、D-二聚体、乳酸水平为影响脓毒血症预后的独立因素(P0.05)。结论 NLR、APACHEⅡ评分、降钙素原、D-二聚体、乳酸水平同脓毒血症预后密切相关,在临床诊断和治疗过程中这些指标升高应引起足够重视。     

重症感染患者血磷水平及其对预后的影响

目的探讨重症感染患者血磷水平与预后的关系。方法将入住福州市第一医院干部病房的重症感染患者117例按预后分为生存组(78例)和死亡组(39例),比较两组患者的血磷水平以及急性生理与慢性健康状况Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分,并对其进行相关分析。结果生存组患者平均血磷为(0.94±0.28)mmol/L,死亡组为(0.75±0.25)mmol/L,两者相比差异有统计学意义(t=4.545,P<0.05);生存组平均APACHEⅡ评分为(24.3±4.8)分,死亡组为(30.5±4.2)分,两组患者的评分差异具有统计学意义(t'=-14.436,P<0.05);死亡组血磷水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈明显负相关(r=-0.321,P<0.01)。结论重症感染患者早期血磷水平对于判断重症感染预后具有重要意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.