糖尿病合并抑郁焦虑障碍护理措施

糖尿病(DM)为世界流行性疾病,我国的DM患病率已达1%~3%,且以每年0.1%的速度递增,DM作为一种慢性终身性疾病,因血糖控制不佳伴发精神障碍日益受到人们的关注。现对我院收治36例2型DM伴精神障碍进行研究,并提出相应的护理措施。1对象和方法1.1对象2型DM36例,均符合WHO诊断标准,男性24例,女性12例,年龄32岁~74岁,平均年龄54岁,病程平均12a,排除各种严重精神病和急性脑血管意外。1.2方法所有患者入院时均做血糖测定,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行评估[1],入院时结果与我国常模作对照分析,然后将入院及出院结果做自身对照,采用t检验。2结果干预后SAS、SDS评分与干预前比较,在统计学存在显著差异(P<0.01)。3讨论在目前尚无特殊根治DM方法的情况下,患者一旦发现有DM,即有恐惧心理,或者因为经济等原因,总希望迅速将血糖控制或自行减药停药,此外,有部分患者对使用胰岛素有顾虑,也加重心理负担,因此DM患者明显存在焦虑、抑郁心理障碍[2]。有研究表明:烦躁、抑郁等不良情绪可引起体内生长激素、胰高血糖素、去甲肾上腺素等应激素分泌增加,进一步引起血糖升高,从而加重病情...     

住院老年糖尿病患者的焦虑抑郁情绪分析

糖尿病是一种慢性终身性疾病,其伴发的精神障碍影响到疗效及生活质量.本研究采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)对72例住院的老年糖尿病患者进行焦虑抑郁症状调查,并针对性的进行药物和心理综合干预,取得较满意的效果.     

心理干预对系统性红斑狼疮患者焦虑抑郁心理的影响

目的:探讨心理干预对减轻系统性红斑狼疮患者焦虑抑郁情绪的效果。方法:将86例患者随机分为干预组(50例)和对照组(36例),两组患者经采用系统性红斑狼疮患者常规治疗和护理,干预组同时实施心理干预。于干预后第1周、第5周,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行测评。结果:入院第5周干预组SAS、SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:积极有效的心理干预可减轻系统性红斑狼疮患者的焦虑抑郁情绪,对增强信心稳定病情,促进疾病康复有重要作用。     

围手术期心理干预对乳腺癌患者生活质量影响的研究

目的:探讨围手术期心理干预对乳腺癌患者生活质量的影响。方法:将64例乳腺癌患者随机分为干预组和对照组,每组32例,对照组患者给予常规治疗和护理;干预组患者在常规治疗护理基础上进行围手术期心理干预,采用生活质量量表(SF-36)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)对两组患者进行效果评定。结果:两组患者入院时生活质量(SF-36)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术前1天、术后1周心理抑郁、焦虑状态和生活质量评分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:围手术期心理干预能够改善乳腺癌患者生活质量,促进疾病的康复。     

心理干预对糖尿病患者的情绪及血糖控制的作用

目的探讨心理干预对糖尿病患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪及血糖控制的影响.方法80例2型糖尿病患者随机分成两组,均给予药物治疗,干预组同时予心理干预,4周后用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评定两组病人情绪变化,同时测定空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖,血、尿常规及电解质、肝肾功能.结果治疗前后心理干预组SAS、SDS评分减分显著多于对照组,差异有显著性意义( P<0.01),治疗前后干预组空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖下降值显著多于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01).结论心理干预能显著改善糖尿病患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,改善血糖控制.     

人文关怀护理干预对慢性肾炎患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨人文关怀护理对慢性肾小球肾炎(CGN)患者生活质量的影响。方法将128例CGN患者按入院时间随机分为观察组和对照组各64例。对照组予常规护理,观察组在此基础上实施人文关怀护理干预,分别于干预前、干预后采用Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)测量两组患者的焦虑、抑郁程度;用简明健康调查量表(SF-36)评定两组患者的生活质量。结果干预前两组患者SAS、SDS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组患者的SAS、SDS评分明显降低,对照组患者的SAS、SDS评分反而增高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01),观察组患者的生活质量明显优于对照组(P均<0.01)。结论人文关怀护理干预能减轻CGN患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高患者的生活质量。     

心理干预对妊娠糖尿病患者心理状态的影响

目的:探讨妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者的心理状态及心理干预对其影响。方法:68例GDM患者随机分为干预组(n=34)和对照组(n=33),对照组给予常规治疗和护理,干预组在此基础上给予心理干预。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别于入院和出院时对两组患者进行心理测评,并进行统计学分析。结果:两组干预后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均比干预前明显降低,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01);干预组干预后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分明显低于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:妊娠糖尿病患者存在不同程度的心理症状,实施心理干预能有效改善GDM患者的心理状态。     

心理干预对初诊糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁情感的影响

目的探讨心理干预对初诊糖尿病患者焦虑抑郁情感的影响。方法对100例初诊糖尿病患者进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁量表(SDS)测定。先由患者进行自评,然后将原始分换算成标准分,以我国常模的上限为界,SAS>50分有焦虑症状,SDS>53分有抑郁症状。将确诊糖尿病时的评分结果与我国常模作对照分析,然后再与心理干预2周后的测评结果进行自身对照比较。结果糖尿病初诊时(即心理干预前)SAS、SDS得分均高于国内常模,有统计学意义(P<0.01);心理干预后糖尿病患者SAS、SDS评分较心理干预前明显降低(P<0.01)。结论初诊糖尿病患者具有明显的焦虑抑郁情感,及时地给予心理干预治疗十分必要。     

心理护理干预对急性脑卒中患者焦虑抑郁的影响研究

目的 研究心理护理干预对急性脑卒中后患者焦虑抑郁情况的影响,探讨降低急性脑卒中后患者焦虑抑郁的方法.方法 将106例急性脑卒中后患者随机分为对照组和心理护理干预组.分别测量干预前后2组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分及相关指标,并进行统计分析.结果 5周后干预组SAS评分和SDS评分均有显著下降,...     

音乐行为干预在糖尿病治疗中的探索

目的:探讨音乐、行为干预对2型糖尿病(DM)综合治疗的疗效.方法:对180例DM患者进行代谢指标测定、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、糖尿病控制状况评价量表(CSSD70)、DM生活质量测评量表(DQOL)评定,随机分为治疗组(A),对照组(B),两组均给予DM常规治疗,A组辅以音乐治疗,3月后与对照组比较血糖、糖化血红蛋白(GH b A1c)、血压、量表等变化.结果:DM患者抑郁发生率45.2%,音乐治疗3个月后血糖谱、GHAIc、血压、糖尿病控制状况、生活质量较对照组有显著差异.结论:音乐、行为干预有益于DM的综合治疗.     

益智健脑颗粒联合针灸对阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆的影响

目的观察益智健脑颗粒联合针灸对阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimers disease,AD）大鼠学习记忆的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为假手术组（A组）、模型组（B组）、针灸组（C组）、益智＋针灸组（D组）各10只,B、C、D 3组分别以海马CA1区注射β淀粉样蛋白25-35（Aβ25-35）造模,A组注射等量的双蒸水,各组分别治疗20 d后行Morris水迷宫试验,观察大鼠学习记忆能力变化。结果B组较A组的平均潜伏期明显延长,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;与B组比较,C组、D组的平均潜伏期明显缩短,过台次数增多,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;与C组比较,D组的潜伏期缩短,过台次数增多,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论益智健脑颗粒联合针灸能够提高Aβ25-35介导的AD模型大鼠的学习记忆能力。     

表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂在非小细胞肺癌应用的瓶颈——获得性耐药

以表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor,EGFR-TKI）分子靶向治疗研究为肇始,转化性研究使基础实验和临床实践间的鸿沟迅速填平,改变着人们认识治疗肺癌的视角。无可否认,EGFR-TKI上市后极大地延伸了肿瘤学家治疗肺癌的手段,但不管从临床经验、临床研究数据、分子生物学层面还是文献计量学的角度,     

中医疗法治疗运动性疲劳的研究进展

随着竞技体育的发展，运动员经常承受着大负荷、超强度的体力训练，因此极易产生运动性疲劳。疲劳的出现使肌内压增高，局部缺血，造成氧化代谢、H^＋排出率与pH值降低，血乳酸增高，从而影响肌纤维神经传导速度和肌内收缩力量，减弱了肌肉保护能力。致使较多的冲击力传到骨骼上，故易导致疲劳骨折的发生,严重影响了运动员的训练和比赛成绩，对运动员身心产生不必要的伤害。运动性疲劳消除手段的研究一直是竞技体育工作和运动医学关注和研究的焦点。     

Effects of tacrolimus and cyclosporine treatment on metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors after renal transplantation: a meta-analysis

Background The therapeutic success of renal transplantation has been largely attributable to the development of effective and balanced immunosuppressive treatment regimens.This study provides a meta-analysis of a series of randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of tacrolimus and cyclosporine on metabolic syndrome （MetS） and cardiovascular risk factors after renal transplantation.Methods We searched various electronic databases and bibliographies,including MEDLINE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and EMBASE,for relevant studies published prior to October 2012.Results Our meta-analysis included five randomized controlled trials that examined a total of 923 patients.The tacrolimus group and the cyclosporine group exhibited no significant differences in MetS incidence after renal transplantation; risk ratio （RR）：1.06,95％ confidence interval （C/）：0.73-1.55,P=0.76.Cyclosporine treatment was associated with a higher incidence of hyperlipidemia （RR：0.50,95％ CI：0.39-0.64,P ＜0.01）.Although there were no statistically significant differences,cyclosporine treatment was associated with a higher incidence of hypertension （RR：0.91,95％ CI：0.83-1.00,P=0.06） after renal transplantation compared to tacrolimus treatment,and tacrolimus treatment was associated with a higher incidence of diabetes after renal transplantation （RR：1.79,95％ CI：0.98-3.27,P=0.06） compared to cyclosporine treatment.Conclusions Compared to tacrolimus treatment,cyclosporine treatment was associated with a higher incidence of hyperlipidemia.Future large-scale studies are expected to be conducted to further confirm our findings.     

Liuwei Dihuang,a traditional Chinese herbal formula,suppresses chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in obese rats

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and adipokine-ameliorating effects of Liuwei Dihuang （LWDH）, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, in obese rats. METHODS： After 2 weeks of acclimation with free access to regular rodent chow and water, obese-prone-caesarean-derived （OP-CD） rats were fed a modified AIN-93G diet containing 60% energy from fat. Treatment was performed twice daily by gavage feeding with 500, 1 500, or 3 500 mg/kg body weight LWDH suspended in water （n=12 rats per group）. Twelve obese-resistant-CD （OR-CD） rats were fed the atherogenic diet and gavaged with water, and served as the normal control. Blood biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and adiponectin were measured post-sacrifice and used to determine the treatment effect of LWDH and assess the suitability of OR/OP-CD rats for studying these parameters. RESULTS： After 9 weeks of treatment, LWDH lowered serum C-reactive protein （CRP） and tumour necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） levels. Serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） levels showed a tendency towards reduction, but were not significantly different from the OP-CD control. Liver superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity was increased in response to all three doses of LWDH, while the levels of reduced （GSH） and oxidized glutathione （GSSG） and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS） were unchanged. Serum adiponectin levels were increased in response to oral administration of LWDH at the dose of either 500 or 1 500 mg/kg body weight. In addition, comparisons between OR-CD and OP-CD rats revealed differential, and for some biomarkers, conflicting characteristics of high-fat diet-fed OP-CD rats in reference to obese human subjects in terms of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and circulating adiponectin levels. CONCLUSION： The results show, for the first time, the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress and adiponectin-ameliorating effects of LWDH in obese rats. The suitability of the OP-JOP-CD rat model as     

New Mechanism of Herb-herb Interaction between Ginseng and Trogopterus Based on CYPs in Rat Livers

The study was designed to investigate the potential mechanism of herb-herb interaction between ginseng and Trogopterus （Trg） based on Cytochrome P450 isozymes （CYPs） in rat livers. We estimated the influence on CYP1A2, CYP2E1, and CYP3A1/2 activity caused by ginseng and Trg used in combination. The CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 enzyme activity were induced by ginseng and Trg used in combination. And this induction effect was caused via inducing CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 protein expression which was supposed caused by inducing the gene expression of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1.     

程丑夫教授论治情志病验案举隅

程丑夫是国家级名老中医,湖南中医药大学第一附属医院主任医师、教授、博士生导师,享受政府特殊津贴专家,出身于中医世家,从医40余年,经验丰富,对于内科系统及疑难杂症的治疗颇有心得,笔者有幸跟师学习,聆听教诲,受益匪浅,现将程师论治情志病的经典验案略陈一二。1思虑伤脾案患者肖某,女,27岁。初诊：2014年5月20日。半年前因婚变后出现忧心忡忡,多思多虑,近1月来反复腹部胀满,刻诊：腹胀,食后为甚,呃逆,无反酸,通气后可减轻,无腹痛,不欲食,夜寐不安,二便调。舌红苔厚白腻,脉弦,BP：110／70mmHg。     

WHO西太区与“世界中医药学会联合会”中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：精、神、气、血、津、液部分

精、神、气、血、津、液是中医理论中6个非常重要的概念，有关术语在《WHO西太区传统医学国际标准名词术语》中一共收录了59条，“世界中医药学会联合会”（以下简称世中联）《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》中收录了58条。血、津、液的内涵较为具体，有一定的物质基础，理解并不困难。翻译上虽有差异，但亦不难统一。精、神、     

补肾活血方对PCOS大鼠模型卵巢中PAI-1mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨补肾活血方对大鼠PCOS模型卵巢局部纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1（PAI—1mRNA）表达的影响。方法选用未成年24d龄SD雌性大鼠60只,随机分为模型组、克罗米酚组、补肾活血方高剂量组、补肾活血方低剂量组、正常对照组5组。用Bogovich法建立大鼠多囊卵巢病理模型。以克罗米酚为对照。用原位杂交法观察补肾活血方对多囊卵巢大鼠局部PAI—1mRNA的影响。结果模型组卵巢局部PAI—1mRNA存在卵泡膜间质细胞显著增高,用补肾活血方高、低剂量与克罗米酚药后,卵巢局部PAI-1mRNA的表达明显降低．差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05、P〈0．01）。补肾活血方高剂量组与克罗米酚组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）;低荆量组与克罗米酚组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,补肾活血方高、低剂量组比较,低剂量组卵泡膜间质细胞上PAI-1的基因表达增高更明显,但二者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论PAI-1mRNA可能与多囊卵巢综合征的发病机制有关。以补肾活血立法的补肾活血方能降低多囊卵巢大鼠局部PAI—1mRNA的显著增高表达．降低PAI—1mRNA卵巢局部的作用。提示补肾活血方可能通过PAI—1mRNA途径促进卵巢排卵的机制。     

UniPron is A Fully Effective Non-hormonal Reversible Contraceptive in Baboon Model （Papio Anubis）

Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of UniPron as a reversible contraceptive.
Methods Vaginal swabs were obtained before and after UniPron administration, cultured onto appropriate culture media and bacteria identification was done based on type of media used, Gram stain reactions, colony morphology and biochemical tests. Vaginal biopsy tissues were processed using paraffin wax method, stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined under light microscopy to determine the effect of the product on vaginal tissues. The effect of UniPron on sperm was examined by mixing the product with electroejaculated spermatozoa in vitro at different concentrations. For efficacy studies, male baboons of proven fertility were mated with UniPron treated or untreated females of proven fertility during the fertile stages.
Results All the five females （100%） that were treated with UniPron did not conceive and they regained total fertility when the treatment was stopped while all the controls conceived. At a concentration of 40%, UniPron completely immobilized spermatozoa in an in-vitro system. UniPron mechanism of action was by lowering the vaginal pH and on application in baboon, the pH was lowered for at least 3 h after which it went back to normal.
Conclusions As we plan for a study to test UniPron as a microbicide to prevent STIs including HIV, our current study has established that this novel product is effective in contraception and harmless to vaginal tissues and vaginal microbial flora in a baboon model （Papio anubis）.