Modulation by Divalent Cations of GABAρ1 Receptor From Human Retina Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮγ ａｍｉｎｏｂｕｔｙｒｉｃａｃｉｄ (ＧＡＢＡ)ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓａｓａｎｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｙｎｅｕｒｏｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔｅｒｉｎｔｈｅｍａｍ ｍａｌｉａｎｃｅｎｔｒａｌｎｅｒｖｏｕｓｓｙｓｔｅｍ .Ｉｎｉｔｉａｌｌｙ,ＧＡＢＡｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓｗｅｒｅｄｉｖｉｄｅｄｉｎｔｏｔｗｏｗｅｌｌ ｃｈａｒａｃ ｔｅｒｉｚｅｄｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｔｙｐｅｓ,ＧＡＢＡＡａｎｄＧＡＢＡＢｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓ.Ａｔｈｉｒｄｔｙｐｅｗａｓｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄｉｎｂｒａｉｎａｎｄｒｅｔｉｎａ,ａｎｄｗａｓ…     

微量元素铜、锌、硒与恶性肿瘤的关系探讨

目的探讨血清微量元素铜、锌、硒水平与恶性肿瘤之间的关系.方法采用180-80型原子吸收分光光度计及UV-2100可见紫外分光光度计测定1 438例恶性肿瘤患者及48例健康对照者的血清铜、锌、硒水平.结果肿瘤患者血清锌、硒水平低于对照组(P<0.01),血清铜组间无显著性差异;但复发组及有肿瘤负荷组患者血清铜及铜/锌比值高于无复发及无肿瘤负荷组(P<0.01),血清锌、硒组间差异无显著性;消化道肿瘤患者血清锌、硒水平与其它肿瘤患者组间也差异无显著性(P>0.05).非条件Logistic回归分析表明仅锌、硒进入方程,且为保护因素.结论低锌、低硒可能是肿瘤发生的危险因素,而血清铜升高则可能是肿瘤存在的结果.血清铜及铜/锌比值与肿瘤负荷状态及复发情况密切相关.     

Changes in serum ammonia concentration in cirrhotic patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

Objective To study whether liver cirrhosis associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection will induce increased serum ammonia and whether the peripher al serum ammonia reflects the level of portal vein serum ammonia. Methods Blood was taken from the portal vein and the cubital vein in cirrhotic patients with and without H. pylori infection and non-cirrhotic patients (splenic rupture) with and without H. pylori infection, and the serum ammonia was measured.Results The mean levels of serum ammonia in the group of cirrhotic patients with H. pylori infection were 167.82±8.97 μmol/L (portal vein) and 142.2±13.35 μmol/L (cubital vein). They were increased significantly as compared with cirrhotic patients without H. pylori infection (47.68±12.03 μmol/L portal vein and 37.23±7.04 μmol/L cubital vein), and also compared with the groups of splenic rupture patients with and without H. pylori infection ( P &lt;0.01). There was no significant difference between the serum ammonia level of the cubital vein and portal vein (P&gt;0.05).Conclusions H. pylori infection can induce an increase in serum ammonia in patients with liver dysfunction, and the peripheral serum ammonia measurement may replace the portal vein serum ammonia as a monitoring method. Eradication of H. pylori in cirrhotic patients may prevent hepatic encephalopathy (HE).     

慢性血液透析患者透析前后血浆同型半胱氨酸的变化

OBJECTIVE: To determine the plasma hemocysteine (Hcy) concentration in chronic hemodialysis patients and controls, and the relation between chronic hemodialysis and the plasma total Hcy level in chronic hemodialysis patients. METHODS: Using HPLC-FLD method, the plasma total Hcy concentration was determined in 11 patients with chronic hemodialysis and 30 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: The plasma total Hcy level in chronic hemodialysis was significantly higher than that in the controls (13.54 +/- 4.49 mumol/L) (P < 0.01). The plasma total Hcy level after the hemodialysis (21.30 +/- 10.81 mumol/L) was lower than before the hemodialysis (29.53 +/- 13.59 mumol/L) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The plasma total Hcy level in chronic hemodialysis patients was higher than that in the controls. Hemodialysis can clean the plasma Hcy in chronic hemodialysis patients, but it can not decrease it to the normal level.     

Changes in superoxide dismutases and serum Zn, Cu in senile patients with yang deficiency

This article reports on the respective determinations, which employ RIA and AAS, of superoxide dismutases (SOD-I) and serum Zn, Cu from 40 cases of senile patients with Yang deficiency. The results, which 994 +/- 125 ng/mg Hb, 63.6 +/- 12.1 micrograms%, 72.6 +/- 10.7 micrograms% respectively, were all significantly lower than the normal subjects and senile subjects (P less than 0.01), and showed that serum Zn was positively interrelated with SOD-I (r = 0.34). Integrating SOD-I and the function of serum Zn, Cu in senile especially the relations between Zn, Cu and SOD-I, the authors have made a preliminary probe into the mechanism of senile Yang deficiency's occurrence.     

老年IgA肾病的临床病理特征和预后分析

目的:探讨老年IgA肾病(IgA nephropathy,IgAN)临床病理特征和预后.方法:选择肾活检确诊的年龄≥60岁的IgA肾病患者70例,与同期肾活检确诊的年龄<60岁的IgA肾病患者82例进行临床、病理及预后对比分析比较.结果:老年组与非老年组相比,收缩压[(142.0±20.4)mmHg vs (124.2±16.9)mmnHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa]、舒张压[(83.1 4±11.8)mmUg vs(78.9 4±12.3)millHg]、肾穿时血肌酐水平[(172.7-1±125.8)μmol/L vs(94.4 4±42.5)μmol/L]、血胆固醇[(5.7 4±1.6)mmoL/ vs (5.1±1.6)mmol/L]、24 h尿蛋白定量[(3.4±2.9)g/d vs(1.8 4±2.O)g/d]、高血压的发生率(57.1%vs32.5%)、慢性肾疾病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)分期3～5期的比例(64.O%伪14.6%)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组的病程、肉眼血尿的发生率、血甘油三酯、血WgA水平差异无统计学意义(P>o.05).病理资料上,老年组肾病理以慢性化病变为主,与非老年组相比,肾小球硬化[(19.7 4±20.1)%vs(13.4 4±17.8)%]、肾小管萎缩(>1分,34.2%vs25.6%)、间质纤维化(>1分,34.2%vs 18.2%)、肾小动脉硬化(>2分,20.O%vs 8.5%)的比例差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).而系膜细胞增生、新月体比例、间质炎症细胞浸润在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).平均随访(34.6 4±33.3)个月,老年组3年和5年累计肾生存率显著低于非老年组(74.6%1.78 100%,62.2%vs92.9%,P=0.002).结论:老年组IgA肾病患者在确诊时高血压、肾功能不全、高脂 血症的发生率较高,肾脏病理改变以慢性病变为主,肾小动脉病变明显,这可能是导致老年IgA肾病患者预后差的原因.     

肝外梗阻性黄疸血清铜、锌含量的变化及其在术前营养状态评价中的意义

报告了肝外梗阻性黄疸,消化道癌和外科营养不良三组患者的血清铜、锌含量测量结果。梗阻性黄疸组血清铜明显升高,与胆汁铜排出障碍有关。各组血清锌均明显减少,主要与营养摄取不足有关。根据血清锌测量结果计算了各组的NRI(营养学手术危险指数)值,梗阻性黄疸60%位于高危组内,术后危险性明显增加。     

不同雌激素水平对大鼠血管内皮细胞功能及血管内皮细胞粘附分子1表达的作用

目的研究雌激素对雌鼠肺血管内皮细胞功能及血管内皮细胞粘附分子-1(VCAM-1)表达的调节。方法（1）雌性SD大鼠24只分为假手术组、去势组、治疗组,采用放射免疫法检测血清中内皮素、前列环素的含量,铜-镉还原法测定血清中一氧化氮的产量。放射配体结合法检测肺血管内皮细胞中雌激素受体含量。（2）正常雌鼠肺培养的第2代血管内皮细胞,按不同浓度17-β雌二醇(17-βE2)分为A组（对照）、B组（3×10-8mol/L17-βE2）、C组（3×10-7mol/L17-βE2）;D组（3×10-6mol/L17-βE2）、E组（3×10-6mol/L17-βE2+3×10-6mol/L他莫西芬）处理48h,白细胞介素-1β作用后流式细胞仪分别检测各组VCAM-1表达量。结果(1)去势组雌鼠血中一氧化氮（18μmol/L±8μmol/L）、前列环素（8.5pg/ml±2.5pg/ml）均降低,治疗组二者水平明显升高（31μmol/L±7μmol/L,P<0.05;10.9pg/ml±3.4pg/ml）,而内皮素含量变化则相反（170pg/ml±39pg/ml;100pg/ml±32pg/ml,P<0.05）。(2)去势组雌鼠血管内皮细胞中雌激素受体含量(fmol/106cell）显著降低（6.7±0.5),治疗组雌激素受体含量维持在高水平（17.6±1.2,P<0.01）。(3)白细胞介素-1β作用后A组表达VCAM-1细胞百分率明显增高（17.5%±1.5%）,B、C、D组表达VCAM-1细胞百分率显著降低（15.4%±1.42%、12.4%±0.34%、8.7%±0.27%,P<0.01）。结论雌激素水平可明显影响雌鼠血管内皮细胞内皮素、一氧化氮、前列环素的分泌,并可影响雌鼠血管内皮细胞中雌激素受体含量。雌二醇均可降低白细胞介素-1β诱发的雌鼠血管内皮细胞VCAM-1表达增高。     

妊娠肝内胆汁瘀积症对母儿的危害分析

为探讨妊娠肝内胆汁瘀积症（ＩＣＰ）对母儿的影响。对１９８９～１９９６年在我院住院分娩的４７１例ＩＣＰ患者的症状,肝功及妊娠结局进行了回顾性分析,结果,搔痒出现孕周平均３２．４±４．７周＊（１２－４０周）早产率１６．６％（７８例）,围产儿死亡率１２．７‰（６例）;羊水Ⅱ°～Ⅲ°１１４例（２４．２％）分娩方式（自然产＝１,阴道助产＝２,剖宫产＝３）与新生儿Ａｐｇａｒ评分呈正相关（ｒ＝０．１１８８,Ｐ〉     

血清铜锌比值对肺癌的诊断价值

采用Perkin Elmer Zeeman/3030原子吸收分光光度计测定了肺癌患者、良性肺病患者和健康对照组血清中铜锌含量.结果表明,肺癌患者血清锌明显低于健康对照组和良性肺病患者(P<0.01),而血清铜和铜锌比值明显高于健康对照组和良性肺病患者(P<0.01)。以铜锌比值1.60作为分界值,肺癌患者与健康对照组之间诊断符合率为98.8％,特异性100％,灵敏度为90.9％,信息量为0.3205;肺癌患者与良性肺病患者之间上述各值分别为85.9％,76.7％,90.9％和0.2449。铜锌比值在肺癌诊断中有一定的价值。     

消化道肿瘤患者化疗后感染危险因素logistic回归分析

目的：分析消化道肿瘤患者化疗后感染危险因素。方法：选取2014年7月至2015年7月该院收治的消化道肿瘤患者60例作为研究对象,分析化疗后患者感染部位、病原菌分布特点及相关危险因素。结果：消化道肿瘤患者化疗后发生感染20例,感染率33．33％,其中呼吸系统感染占13．33％、泌尿系统占8．33％、消化道占11．67％;检出病原菌40株,其中革兰阴性菌占37．50％、革兰阳性菌占30．00％、真菌占32．50％;经多因素logistic回归分析发现,住院时间长、血清白蛋白偏低、预防应用抗菌药物、肿瘤晚期是消化道肿瘤患者化疗后感染的独立危险因素（P0．05）。结论：消化道肿瘤患者化疗后感染病原菌主要为革兰阴性菌,感染相关危险因素较多,高龄、住院时间长、血清白蛋白低、预防应用抗菌药物、肿瘤晚期是消化道肿瘤患者化疗后并发感染的独立危险因素。     

Effects of kuo-guan granule on plasma zinc, copper and erythrocyte GSH-Px (glutathione peroxidase) in patients with angina pectoris

The changes of the plasma zinc, copper and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry and DTNB color development, in 31 patients suffering from coronary heart disease with angina Pectoris before and after taking Kuo-Guan granule one month. The results showed the plasma zinc was 16.83 +/- 2.60 mumol/L, copper 14.17 +/- 2.99 mumol/L, and erythrocyte GSH-Px 0.75 +/- 0.12 Eu/Hbmg/min in the normal control group. In patients with angina Pectoris, the plasma zinc was 14.39 +/- 4.44 mumol/L, copper 17.47 +/- 4.42 mumol/L, and erythrocyte GSH-Px 0.49 +/- 0.075 Eu/Hbmg/min before treatment; the plasma zinc was 20.17 +/- 3.97 mumol/L, copper 15.74 +/- 3.15 mumol/L, and erythrocyte GSH-Px 0.72 +/- 0.10 Eu/Hbmg/min after treatment. These results indicate that the plasma zinc and erythrocyte GSH-Px were lower and copper was higher in the patients than the normal control group before treatment (P less than 0.01), the plasma zinc and erythrocyte GSH-Px were increased and copper was decreased after treatment (P less than 0.01). These suggest that therapeutic mechanism of Kuo-Guan granule to coronary heart disease with angina Pectoris may be related to it's regulation on trace elements disturbance in body.     

HX—1号液保存狗肾48,72小时的实验研究

为观察ＨＸ－１号液保存狗肾脏效果，运用本地杂种狗２０只，用ＨＣ－ＷＣＵ液（对照组）和ＨＸ－１液（实验组）低温保存狗肾４８、７２小时后，行自体异位肾移植观察术后狗肾功能恢复及存活情况，结果显示：ＨＣ－ＷＣＵ液４８、７２小时组，术后血肌酐峰值为６４２．６０±１５８．６０μｍｌｏ／Ｌ及６８６．２０±１５４．０４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＨＸ－１液４８、７２小时组术后血肌酐峰值为４４８．３２±３６．９μｍｌｏ／Ｌ及５     

微量元素和超氧化物歧化酶与消化道癌的关系

使用岛津ＡＡ－６７０原子吸收分光光度计测定消化道癌瘤患者全血铁、血浆铁、铜、锌含量。采用改进的连苯三酚自氧化法测定全血总超氧化物歧化酶活力，并以正常人血、血浆为对照，经统计学处理，有显著差异。     

Effect of baoshen wan on serum lipid peroxide levels in nephritis treated based on the differentiation-syndromes

This paper deals with the treatment of 22 cases of chronic nephritis with Baoshen Wan (protecting kidney pills) according to the differentiation of syndromes; the results showed that 3 cases had got perfect remission, 6 cases fundamental remission, and 10 cases partial remission; thus its effective rate reached to 86.4%. Before treatment, the mean value of serum LPO of the 22 patients was 4.44 +/- 0.099 (means +/- S means, mumol/L), which compare with the normal value (3.69 +/- 0.075), P less than 0.05. After treatment, the serum LPO level was lowered to 3.95 +/- 0.11, P less than 0.05. It suggested that Baoshen Wan could disperse the free radical and lower the serum LPO level in the patients with chronic nephritis.     

Declining serum cholesterol levels prior to diagnosis of colon cancer. A time-trend, case-control study

We report the results of a 10-year, time-trend, case-control study in which serum cholesterol level was determined at several points in time preceding the diagnosis of colon cancer in a population of individuals who sought general checkups at an ambulatory care screening facility. Each of the 69 patients with colon cancer (32 men and 37 women) was matched with a control patient who was randomly selected. At the time of diagnosis, the patients with colon cancer had significantly lower serum cholesterol values than control patients (5.56 +/- 0.31 mmol/L [SEM] vs 6.47 +/- 0.34 mmol/L). This difference did not vary with sex or Dukes' stage of the cancer. The percent of matched pairs in which the cancer patient had a lower serum cholesterol level increased from 42% at 10 years prior to cancer diagnosis to 77% at diagnosis. The ratio of serum cholesterol at each period to the level at time of diagnosis demonstrated an average decline of 13% during the 10 years prior to diagnosis for case patients vs an average rise of 2% in the same period for control patients. We conclude that individuals in whom colorectal cancer develops share the same level of serum cholesterol as the general population initially, but during the 10 years preceding the cancer demonstrate a decline in serum cholesterol level that is opposite to the rising level seen with age in the general population.     

The Apoptosis of Bovine Lens Epithelial Cells Induced by Proteasome Inhibitor MG132

To investigate the effect of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on the apoptosis of bovine lens epithelial cells （BLECs）, the cells were treated with MG132 at different concentrations for12, 24 and 36 h. The cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay and the effect of MG132 on the apoptosis of BLECs was assessed by flow cytometry （FCM）. The results showed that after treatment for the same period, the inhibitory effect of MG132 on BLECs proliferation was enhanced with the increment of the concentration of MG132 （0, 2, 5, 10, μmol/L） （P〈0.05）. The 50% inhibiting concentration （IC50） was 2.03 μmol/L when the BLECs were treated with MG132 for 36 h. MG132 also induced the apop- tosis of BLECs obviously. FCM showed that the apoptosis index of the cells treated by MG132 at 2 μmol/L for 12 h was （20.24±1.51）%, and that of the control was （0.98±0.20）% respectively （P〈0.01, n=3）. It was concluded that MG132 could lead to apoptosis of BLECs. The decrease of proteasome activity may play an important role in the formation and development of cataract.     

n-6/n-3脂肪酸不同的食用油对大鼠血清微量元素的影响

目的研究高脂而不同n6/n3脂肪酸构成对大鼠血清微量元素锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、硒(Se)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)的影响。方法将成年SD雄性大鼠随机分为5组,实验油A、B、C、D组的脂肪酸n6/n3比值分别为6.48∶1、2.07∶1、1∶1.07、1∶3.18,猪油组作为对照。饲料Zn、Cu、Se、Cr、Mn的含量相同,脂肪占总能量的36%,喂养时间为8周。结果与实验前组相比,实验油A、B组和猪油组的血清Zn含量明显下降、Cu含量明显升高。各组血清Cr含量均显著低于实验前组,由低到高依次为实验油A、B、C、D组。实验油C、D组和猪油组的全血Se浓度低于实验前组,实验油A、B组与实验前组的差异无显著性。各组大鼠血清Mn水平与实验前组的差异无显著性。实验油A、B、C、D组血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)均低于猪油组(P<0.05)。随着n6/n3比值的减小,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC2)有升高趋势,TG有下降趋势。结论n6/n3比值在1∶1.07～3.18范围可促进大鼠血清Zn、Cr潴留,阻止血清Cu含量升高,并使全血Se消耗增多,脂质过氧化反应增强;脂肪酸n6/n3比值为2.07～6.48∶1时血清Zn、Cr含量降低,Cu升高。     

血清蛋白质指纹图谱预测模型在胰腺癌诊断中的应用研究

目的 血清蛋白质指纹图谱预测模型在胰腺癌诊断中的建立及应用.方法 应用表面增强激光解吸离子化飞行时间质谱(SELDI-TOF-MS)技术,分析胰腺癌患者和健康对照者的血清蛋白质指纹图谱,从中筛选出与胰腺癌相关的血清差异蛋白质,通过生物信息学方法建立胰腺癌诊断预测模型,并通过盲法检测验证该模型的可靠性.比较该诊断预测模型与胰腺癌传统血清肿瘤标志物CA19-9对于胰腺癌诊断的灵敏度和特异度,评价其临床应用价值.结果 采用金属亲和捕获芯片(IMAC3),在胰腺癌患者血清中发现了12个差异表达蛋白质,其中有6个蛋白质诊断胰腺癌的价值高于CA19-9;应用决策树原理,建立了由4个节点、5个终结点组成的胰腺癌血清蛋白质指纹图谱诊断预测模型;经盲法检测,该模型在区分胰腺癌与健康对照者时的灵敏度是90.7%(39/43),特异度是89.6%(43/48),均优于传统的肿瘤标志物CA19-9,诊断预测模型与CA19-9的系列试验可以将特异度提高至97.9%(47/48),而平行试验可以将灵敏度提高至95.3%(41/43).结论 血清蛋白质指纹图谱预测模型为胰腺癌的诊断提供了一条快速、简便、准确的新途径,并有助于筛选新的肿瘤标志物.     

Trace elements in the serum and cancerous tissue in patients with trophoblastic carcinoma

In the serum and cancer tissue of 155 patients with trophoblastic tumor and in 114 patients with benign or malignant gynecologic tumor, 22 elements (17 trace and 5 major elements) were determined by neutron activation analysis. The serum and tissue level of Cr, the serum Zn level in patients with hydatidiform mole was significantly higher than that of the control group (P less than 0.01). The serum Se level in Patients with invasive mole and choriocarcinoma was lower (less than 1.0 mumol/l), but Cu/Zn ratio was higher (greater than 2.0) in comparison with that of the controls (P less than 0.01). With remission of the disease levels of the essential trace elements went up approaching the normal levels. There was a negative relationship between the serum Zn level and hCG content. The authors point out that the low level of Zn and Se, the high level of Cr may be related to the development of trophoblastic tumors.