人脐血间质干细胞一般特性及其多向分化潜能

 【目的】观察人脐血间质干细胞增殖能力、细胞表面分子标志及多向分化潜能。【方法】从人脐血中分离出单个核贴壁细胞并进行体外培养。将细胞以单克隆抗体标记后用流式细胞仪进行检测。向培养细胞中加入成骨、成软骨和成脂肪诱导剂，检测其多向分化能力。【结果】脐血间质干细胞原代培养时间为7周。流式细胞分析显示这些细胞CD29、CD13、CD44等表达为阳性，但是它们不表达造血干细胞表面标志物。加入成骨诱导剂会导致细胞碱性磷酸酶的表达。采用微球培养法并加入软骨诱导剂对细胞进行诱导，用阿尔新蓝染色显示有蛋白多糖表达。在加入成脂诱导剂后，会导致细胞形态学改变，且油红O染色为阳性。【结论】通过体外传代培养的方法可以从人脐血单个核贴壁细胞中得到纯化的间质干细胞。脐血有望成为间质干细胞的替代来源。     

人毛囊干细胞的分离培养鉴定与生物学特性的初步研究

目的 探讨人毛囊干细胞分离获取的方法 及其相关生物学特性,作为组织工程研究的种子细胞的可行性.方法 整形美容手术中废弃的人头皮组织,通过单细胞培养法和组织块培养法获得人毛囊干细胞,体外传代培养及生物学特性研究：细胞形态学观察,细胞生长曲线测定,免疫组化染色鉴定与流式细胞仪检测其细胞表型,将HFSCs进行成骨,成脂肪,成软骨多向分化诱导检测.结果 HFSCs生长旺盛,呈成纤维细胞样生长,多角形或梭形;免疫组化染色显示K19表达阳性,流式细胞仪检测显示：K15,K19,CD200和整合素β1为阳性,CD31,CD45,HLA-DR为阴性;成骨诱导von Kossa染色显示钙化基质沉积表达;成脂肪诱导油红-O染色阳性,胞浆内见脂滴形成;成软骨诱导细胞聚集成小团块,Alcian Blue染色显示硫酸蛋白聚糖表达阳性.结论 HFSCs体外生长能力旺盛,高表达干细胞相关抗原,具有向软骨,骨,脂肪多向分化潜能.     

人脐血间充质干细胞分离培养方法的改良

目的探讨一种新的能提高脐血间充质干细胞体外分离培养成功率的方法。方法利用Ficoil分离脐血,采用改良的密度梯度两步离心法分离脐血单个核细胞,接种于含20％胎牛血清和5％人脐血血清的原代培养液中,在倒置相差显微镜下进行形态观察,直接免疫荧光法检测人脐血间充质干细胞相关抗原CD29的表达。加入成骨诱导剂体外诱导脐血间充质干细胞10d碱性磷酸酶染色鉴定其成骨分化能力。结果本实验方法成功分离培养出人脐血间充质干细胞。原代培养第4天即可见到有成纤维样细胞贴壁,10d左右集落形成,约25d进行传代。传代后生长加速,一周左右即可长满,免疫荧光检测显示脐血间充质干细胞相关抗原CD29呈阳性表达,成骨诱导10d碱性磷酸酶染色阳性。结论利用改良的密度梯度离心法可获得人脐血间充质干细胞．     

人牙周膜干细胞的分离培养及鉴定

目的:探讨人牙周膜干细胞的多向分化潜能。方法:体外分离培养人牙周膜细胞,光镜下及HE染色鉴定细胞形态学特征。免疫组化法检测波形蛋白、角蛋白、CD44的表达。成骨诱导法培养人牙周膜干细胞向成骨细胞分化。结果:体外成功分离培养人牙周膜干细胞。角蛋白阴性表达,波形蛋白阳性表达,CD44阳性表达。诱导成骨结果显示人牙周膜干细胞具有潜在的多向分化潜能。结论:人牙周膜干细胞在体外可以诱导分化为成骨样细胞,具有多向分化的潜能。     

脂肪来源干细胞体外成骨和成脂及成神经的诱导分化研究

目的 探讨脂肪组织来源干细胞 (adipose stem cell,ADSC) 的表面表型及向成骨、成脂和成神经多向分化的生物学特性.方法 取SD大鼠的腹股沟、附睾垫和腹膜后脂肪,Ⅰ型胶原酶消化、分离培养ADSC,检测第3代ADSC的CD29、CD44和CD45的表达情况.将ADSC加入成骨诱导剂,通过茜素红S染色鉴定成骨细胞;成脂诱导剂利用油红O染色鉴定脂肪细胞;神经干培养基诱导,免疫荧光染色鉴定诱导的神经元.结果 ADSC表达CD29(99.07±0.12)%、CD44(95.82±0.68)%和CD45(0.11±0.12)%.其经成骨诱导4周,茜素红S染色显示聚集的细胞团中央形成红色钙化结节,碱性磷酸酶染色可见到细胞的胞质内有紫红色颗粒;成脂诱导1周,油红O染色可见细胞质内有橙红色脂滴;经过神经干培养基诱导6 d后,免疫荧光染色显示诱导的细胞Nestin、NF-200及GFAP阳性表达.结论 ADSC表达间质干细胞的表面表型,体外经诱导培养后可向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞和神经元多向分化,表明 ADSC具有干细胞的多向分化潜能.     

脐血单个核细胞体外分离和定向分化为神经干细胞的实验研究

目的 探讨人脐血单个核细胞的分离培养和诱导后神经干细胞(NSCs)标志物mRNA的表达.方法 使用密度梯度离心法得到脐血单个核细胞,用体外贴壁生长的方法获得脐血间质干细胞(MSCs),观察培养过程中脐血MSCs形态的变化,通过流式细胞仪检测干细胞表面抗原的表达,使用NGF和RA联合诱导后,用RT-PCR方法鉴定诱导前后NSCs标志物巢蛋白(nestin)及Musashi-1蛋白mRNA的表达.结果 脐血单个核细胞贴壁生长后大部分细胞呈梭形,诱导后可分化为神经元样细胞.流式细胞仪检测该细胞不表达CD34、CD11a、CD11b和强表达CD29,符合MSCs特征.诱导后,NSCs表面标志Nestin及Musashi-1表达明显增强,48h达高峰,然后逐渐减弱.结论 脐血中存在间质干细胞,分离后可以体外扩增,诱导后分化为神经元样细胞,并表达NSCs表面标志.脐血能够成为NSCs的新来源.     

大鼠骨髓间质干细胞的体外分离培养与鉴定

目的：体外培养大鼠骨髓间质干细胞（BMSCs）,并进行形态学观察、表面分子标记和多向分化能力的检测鉴定。方法采用全骨髓贴壁法分离培养大鼠BMSCs,显微镜下进行形态学观察,流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记物CD29、CD44、CD45,并诱导大鼠BMSCs向成骨和成脂分化。结果分离培养的细胞以梭形细胞为主,呈漩涡状生长。 CD29、CD44均呈阳性表达,而CD45呈阴性。成脂成骨诱导后,油红O和茜素红S染色均呈阳性。结论全骨髓贴壁培养法分离培养的细胞具有间质干细胞的生物学特性,具有多向分化潜能。     

人脐血单个核细胞的体外培养观察

目的对脐血间充质干细胞进行体外培养，以进一步阐明其生物学特性，为今后的基础研究和临床应用打好基础。方法采用DMEM培养基培养脐血单个核细胞，流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标志。结果脐血单个核细胞在体外培养24d时，细胞表面CD11b、CD34、CD44和CD45表达阴性，GFAP和nestin表达也为阴性。结论培养所得的单个核细胞区别于脐血中的造血干细胞。     

大鼠骨髓间质干细胞多向分化研究

目的:分离和培养大鼠骨髓间质干细胞(BMSCs),并进行多向分化研究。方法:体外分离培养大鼠骨髓单个核细胞,以流式细胞仪检测其表面抗原(CD44、CD90、CD45)的表达。传至第3代后,分别进行成脂肪细胞、成骨细胞、成软骨细胞及成肝细胞的诱导。结果:通过流式细胞仪器检测表明培养的细胞为大鼠BMSCs。BMSCs经诱导后分化为脂肪细胞、骨细胞、软骨细胞及肝细胞。结论:大鼠BMSCs具有多向分化潜能,可作为组织工程的种子细胞。     

胎鼠皮肤间充质干细胞的体外培养及成骨分化研究

目的：分离、纯化胎鼠皮肤间充质干细胞(MSCs)，在体外培养、扩增并促其成骨分化，为骨组织工程学研究与骨质疏松症的细胞学治疗提供一种可能。方法：体外培养胎鼠皮肤MSCs，并在培养液中加入成骨诱导剂诱导培养，观察其成骨分化潜能。 结果：胎鼠皮肤MSCs传代培养第15代仍具有增殖能力,说明该细胞为干细胞源性;贴壁细胞在成骨诱导剂作用下,碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平升高，ALP钙钴染色呈阳性反应，钙结节茜素红染色反应阳性。 结论：胎鼠皮肤MSCs具有很强的自我增殖能力，成骨诱导剂可促其向成骨分化。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.