藏药雪灵芝两种基源植物的生药鉴定

目的对甘肃蚤缀、岩须作组织、粉末鉴定。方法对两种原植物进行形态描述;根、茎横切片显微观察;叶表皮切片观察;粉末鉴定;描述所见结果,对比两种植物。结果甘肃蚤缀和岩须原植物有显著差别。两种植物根横切面较相似,但周皮细胞和髓部差别显著;叶表皮切片差别明显;粉末有特征表现以供区别。结论可以区分藏药雪灵芝的不同原药材。     

樱草杜鹃的挥发油成分

樱草杜鹃著名藏药“达里”的原植物，花和叶均为药用部位，由于二者在性味，功用及临床应用上有一定差异，本文分别对其所含挥发油进行化学成分分析，共鉴定了１０６个化合物。     

藏药手参原植物的生药鉴定

目的对藏药手参的两种原植物手参和绶草进行系统的生药学鉴定,为其鉴别及应用提供科学依据。方法采用原植物鉴定、性状鉴定、显微鉴定的方法对两种原植物进行对比。结果两种植物在原植物形态、性状鉴定、显微特征上有明显区别。结论通过原植物、性状、显微对比能够很好的区别手参和绶草两种原植物。     

藏药蒂达两种原植物的生药学鉴定

目的对藏药蒂达两种原植物獐牙菜、花锚进行系统的生药学鉴定,为其鉴别及应用提供科学依据。方法采用原植物、性状、显微、薄层鉴定的方法对两种原植物进行对比。结果獐牙菜、花锚在原植物形态、显微特征、薄层色谱图上有明显区别。结论通过原植物、性状、显微和薄层色谱图对比,能够很好地区别蒂达两种原植物。     

几丁聚糖口腔溃疡喷雾剂治疗复发性口腔溃疡的临床疗效观察

目的 对红树植物银叶树进行生药学研究,为开发利用该药材提供参考依据.方法 采用原植物鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别方法对银叶树进行研究.结果 药材叶的背面密被银白色鳞片.根、茎、叶均可见大型草酸钙结晶;茎的皮层与韧皮部间有异常维管束,髓部有多个分泌道;叶片主脉维管束发达;粉末中可见晶鞘纤维及非腺毛.经紫外光谱扫描发现有明显的吸收峰.结论 上述特征可作为银叶树质量标准的参考依据.     

齿叶泥花草的生药鉴定

目的 鉴定齿叶泥花草.方法 采集药材标本,并进行原植物鉴定、药材的性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别.结果 齿叶泥花草的根、茎、叶的组织结构有一定特点,粉末有一定理化特征反应.结论 可为齿叶泥花草的生药鉴定和质量标准提供参考.     

红树药用植物银叶树的生药学研究

目的对红树植物银叶树进行生药学研究,为开发利用该药材提供参考依据。方法采用原植物鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别方法对银叶树进行研究。结果药材叶的背面密被银白色鳞片。根、茎、叶均可见大型草酸钙结晶;茎的皮层与韧皮部间有异常维管束,髓部有多个分泌道;叶片主脉维管束发达;粉末中可见晶鞘纤维及非腺毛。经紫外光谱扫描发现有明显的吸收峰。结论上述特征可作为银叶树质量标准的参考依据。     

二色补血草的生药学研究

对二色补血草的原植物形态、生态环境及分布,药材性状特征,根、茎、叶组织结构的显微特征,药材粉末的显微特征等进行了阐述,为保证该药的临床用药安全和合理开发利用提供了生药学鉴定资料.     

药用红树植物桐花树的生药学鉴别

目的 对药用红树植物桐花树药材进行生药学鉴别.方法 采用性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别等方法进行研究.结果 桐花树的根坚韧,具皮孔,根皮层具木栓孔结构;茎横断面有木质部棕色同心环,中柱鞘有石细胞群和纤维束组成的厚壁细胞环,髓部有分泌腔散在;叶上、下表面有盐腺分布;粉末中可见石细胞、盐腺、气孔及导管等特征.紫外扫描有明显的吸收峰;薄层色谱展开良好.结论 上述特征可作为桐花树药材鉴定的参考依据.     

藏药髯花杜鹃花中化学成分的研究

目的 研究藏药髯花杜鹃Rhododendron anthopogon D.Don花中的化学成分.方法 采用95%乙醇提取制备总浸膏,经萃取及柱层析分离,核磁共振鉴定结构.结果 分离得14个已知化合物,分别为三油酸甘油酯、3-羟基-3-苯基丙酰胺、齐墩果酸甲酯、熊果酸、2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯酚、5-甲氧基糠醛、7-羟基香豆素、23-羟基乌苏酸、β-谷甾醇、槲皮素、杨梅素、桃叶珊瑚苷、杨梅素-3'-O-β-D-吡喃木糖苷、金丝桃苷.结论 所有化合物均为首次从该植物花中分离得到.     

“医”与“法”

2003年8月中,惠氏百宫制药有限公司邀请广东地区各大医院的专家和医院管理人员在广东东莞举行了一场别开生面的研讨会。会议包括两个议题:一是“特治星治疗严重呼吸道感染”的学术研讨;二是“医疗纠纷处理的新规则与新思路”的研讨。会上“热点”不断,台上、台下观点撞击精彩纷呈,这里我们摘录片段与大家共享。     

Laboratory Verification of "heavy" and "light" users of cannabis

For various experimental studies it is often desirable to classify categories of cannabis use. For instance, in a study of the kinetics of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in man, we wanted to see if there were differences between “heavy” and “light” users of the drug. “Heavy” use was defined as once daily or more, while “light” use was defined as sporadic or occasional, no more frequent than once monthly.Previously, we had found that the 11-oic acid of THC was not only the major metabolite to appear in the urine but also that its appearance in urine was prompt and lasted for at least 72 hours after a single exposure [1]. We decided to use the presence of this material in urine as a marker for heavy and light use; one would expect to find it regularly in heavy users and rarely, if at all, among light users. All subjects entering the study declared their pattern of use and then were asked to provide a spontaneously voided urine, to be used for analysis of THC-11-oic acid.     

以"豆"祛"痘"

虽然早已过了青春期,但我那略显"婴儿肥"的脸上还是会不时地出现些小痘痘.为了消除这些可恶的家伙,我还真是没少折腾,又是吃药、吃保健品,又是用化妆品,可痘痘却大有"野火烧不尽,春风吹又生"之势,看来要消灭它们可不是件容易的事.     

Activity of "reversed" diamidines against Trypanosoma cruzi "in vitro"

Chagas' disease is an important parasitic illness caused by the flagellated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. The disease affects nearly 17 million individuals in endemic areas of Latin America and the current chemotherapy is quite unsatisfactory based on nitroheterocyclic agents (nifurtimox and benznidazol). The need for new compounds with different modes of action is clear. Due to the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of the aromatic dicationic compounds, this study focused on the activity of four such diamidines (DB811, DB889, DB786, DB702) and a closely related diguanidine (DB711) against bloodstream trypomastigotes as well as intracellular amastigotes of T. cruzi in vitro. Additional studies were also conducted to access the toxicity of the compounds against mammalian cells in vitro. Our data show that the four diamidines compounds presented early and high anti-parasitic activity (IC50 in low-micromolecular range) exhibiting trypanocidal dose-dependent effects against both trypomastigote and amastigote forms of T. cruzi 2h after drug treatment. Most of the diamidines compounds (except the DB702) exerted high anti-parasitic activity and low toxicity to the mammalian cells. Our results show the activity of reversed diamidines against T. cruzi and suggested that the compounds merit in vivo studies.     

"Sick" or "hooked": smokers' perceptions of their addiction

A postal questionnaire was completed by 233 smokers who had contacted a television company for help with stopping smoking. Subjects recorded how well each of 20 statements described their feelings about their own smoking. These responses were submitted to a principal components analysis which revealed two interpretable factors. The first ('Sick') reflected a tendency to see smoking as a sickness, and a greater concern over health consequences. The second ('Hooked') reflected a feeling of inability to give up smoking, and a resentment at other's attempts at dissuasion. Subjects with higher 'Sick' factor scores perceived greater potential benefit in their stopping (in terms of a reduction of risk of cancer). Higher 'Hooked' factor scores were given by females, older smokers, those who described themselves as more extremely addicted, and those who saw less benefit for themselves in stopping.