New iridoid glycosides from the twigs and leaves of Callicarpa formosana var. formosana

Four new iridoid glycosides, 6-O-benzoylphlorigidoside B (1), 6-O-trans-cinnamoylphlorigidoside B (2), 6-O-trans-p-coumaroylshanzhiside methyl ester (3), and 4′-O-trans-p-coumaroylmussaenoside (4), were isolated from the EtOH extract of the twigs and leaves of Callicarpa formosana var. formosana. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of sugiol, a diterpene isolated from Calocedrus formosana bark

Sugiol is a diterpene which was isolated and purified from alcohol extracts of the bark of Calocedrus formosana Florin (Cupressaceae). Although sugiol has low inhibitory activity against the DPPH radical, it could effectively reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The present study investigated the potential anti-inflammatory activity of sugiol, and the relationship between signal transduction and inflammatory cytokines in vitro. A dose of 30 microM of sugiol was effectively inhibitory for proIL-1beta, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production, suggesting that sugiol is bioactive against inflammation. Moreover, sugiol reveals a capacity for suppressing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) activated by LPS-stimulation in J774A.1 murine macrophages. A low dosage of 10 microM of sugiol completely inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation, while 30 microM effectively inhibited JNK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In addition, sugiol significantly inhibited LPS-induced ROS production. Our studies suggest that sugiol's efficacy in inhibiting the inflammatory cytokines of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha could be attributed to a reduction of the ROS that leads to a decrease in the phosphorylation of MAPKs.     

Triterpenoidal saponins from the bark ofKalopanax pictum var.typicum

One new triterpenoidal saponin, saponin F(2) has been isolated from the bark of Kalopanax pictum Nakai var. typicum (Araliaceae), together with one known saponin, kizuta saponin K12 (1). On the basis of chemico-spectral evidences, the structure of 2 has been elucidated to be 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha- L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha- L-arabinopyranosyl-23-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-O-alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosy l ester.     

微波辅助提取与水蒸气蒸馏杭白芷挥发油的比较

目的:比较微波辅助提取与水蒸气蒸馏杭白芷挥发油的提取率和化学成分。方法:分别采用微波辅助提取和水蒸气蒸馏提取白芷挥发油,并运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法结合计算机检索对其挥发油进行化学成分分析。结果:共鉴定出68个成分,从微波辅助提取和水蒸气蒸馏提取所得挥发油中分别鉴定出了59种和37种化合物,分别占总峰面积的88.93%和94.79%。结论:微波辅助提取与水蒸气蒸馏提取所得挥发油的化学成分有较大差异,微波提取的挥发油成分更多。     

杜虹花中木犀草苷提取工艺研究

目的 研究杜虹花中木犀草苷的提取工艺.方法 采用正交试验进行优选,考察乙醇浓度、乙醇用量、提取时间等因素的影响,优化提取条件;采用高效液相色谱法测定木犀草苷含量,比较提取效果.结果 最佳提取工艺为加入10倍量70％乙醇提取3h.结论 该工艺稳定可行,可用于工业化大生产.     

Characterization and hepatoprotective evaluation of sesquiterpenes and diterpenes from the aerial parts of Juniperus sabina L.

Previously, we reported on the hepatoprotective activity of the total extract of Juniperus sabina L. against CCl₄ induced liver toxicity in experimental animals. Biologically directed phytochemical study was conducted to identify the active compounds. Male Wistar rats and the standard drug silymarin were used in the study. Hepatoprotective activity was evaluated via serum biochemical parameters such as aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. Tissue parameters including non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NP-SH), malonaldehyde (MDA) and total protein (TP) were also determined. Histopathological study was conducted utilizing Mayer’s hematoxylin stain, Periodic Acid Schiff – Hematoxylin (PAS-H) and Masson trichrome technique on light microscope. Electron microscope images were also generated for the study. The activity of the total extract was trapped to the petroleum ether fraction after liquid-liquid fractionation where 51% reduction in the levels of AST, bilirubin and 44% in the levels of ALT were observed. Chromatographic purification of the petroleum ether fraction resulted in the isolation of nine compounds namely: trans-calamenene (1), cadalene (cadalin) (2), epi-cubenol (3), manool (4), calamenene-10β-ol (5), calamenene-10α-ol (6), 4-epi-abietic acid (7), sandaracopimaric acid (8) and isopimaric acid (9). Compounds 1–3, 5 and 6 are belonging to cadinane sesquiterepenes, while compounds 4, 7–9 were of diterpene skeleton. The major compounds were tested for their hepatoprotective effect. Compounds 3 showed marked improvement in the levels of AST and ALT, compound 4 was effective in improving the levels of AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and bilirubin, while compound 7 showed significant improvement in GGT, ALP and bilirubin levels.     

Rotundifolinol,a new 1,3-diarylpropan-2-ol from bark of Litsea rotundifolia var. oblongifolia

A new 1,3-diarylpropan-2-ol, named rotundifolinol (1), has been isolated from the bark of Litsea rotundifolia var. oblongifolia. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with related compounds.     

Sesquiterpenes from Artemisia giraldii var. longipedunculata

A phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Artemisia giraldii var. longipedunculata led to the isolation of 10 known sesquiterpenes, including12-hydroxy-α-cyperone (1), 1β,6α-dihydroxyeudesma-4(15)-ene (2), carainterol A (3), oplodiol (4),douglanin (5), 1α-hydroxyisodauc-4-en-15-al (6), 3α,6α-dihydroxybisabola-4,10-diene (7), 4α,5β-dihydroxybisabola-2,10-diene(8), opposit-4(15)-ene-1β,7-diol (9), and saniculamoid D (10), respectively. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of the MS and NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with the literature. All the isolates were obtained from A. giraldii var. longipedunculata for the first time, and five of them were obtained from the genus Artemisia for the first time. Additionally, the ¹³C NMR data of 1 were fully assigned based on the 2D NMR data for the first time.     

丰城鸡血藤异黄酮类化合物的分离鉴定

为建立丰城鸡血藤质量控制方法提供对照品, 对其化学成分进行了研究, 从中分离鉴定了8个化合物, 分别为丰城鸡血藤异黄酮苷F (1), 芒柄花素 (2), 芒柄花苷 (3), 奥刀拉亭7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 (4), 澳白檀苷 (5), 阿夫罗摩辛 (6), 圆荚草双糖苷 (7) 和丰城鸡血藤异黄酮苷B (8)。化合物1为新化合物, 化合物3～5和7为首次从本属植物中分离得到, 2为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

丰城鸡血藤黄酮类化合物的分离鉴定

目的对丰城鸡血藤Millettia nititavar.hirsutissima的化学成分进行研究。方法应用色谱技术分离纯化化合物,利用波谱技术确定化合物的结构。结果从丰城鸡血藤中分离鉴定了4个化合物,分别为甘草素(1),柚皮素(2),马卡因(3), 3R-牛角花酮(4)。结论化合物1和2为首次从本属植物中分离得到;3和4为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

中药路路通中的一个新三萜化合物

从中药路路通乙醇提取物中分得八个化合物，经光谱解析，相光化合物光谱对照及X－射线衍射确定其化学结构，其中化合物4鉴定为一新化合物，命名为3α－乙酰氧基－25－羟基－齐墩果酸，化合物3为首次从天然产物中分得，命名为3－酮基－12α－羟基－齐墩果－28，13β－内酯。     

Rotundifolinol, a new 1,3-diarylpropan-2-ol from bark of Litsea rotundifolia var. oblongifolia

A new 1,3-diarylpropan-2-ol, named rotundifolinol (1), has been isolated from the bark of Litsea rotundifolia var. oblongifolia. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with related compounds.     

珠子参叶的皂苷成分研究

目的对珠子参叶的皂苷成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、SephadexLH-20凝胶色谱、ODS C18柱色谱、半制备型高效液相色谱等分离方法进行纯化,根据理化性质和波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离并鉴定了6个化合物,分别为：20（22）E,24-达玛二烯-3β,6α,12β-三醇（Ⅰ）、人参皂苷Rd（Ⅱ）、人参皂苷Rb1（Ⅲ）、人参皂苷Rb2（Ⅳ）、人参皂苷Rb3（Ⅴ）和人参皂苷Rc（Ⅵ）。结论化合物Ⅰ和Ⅳ为首次从珠子参中分离得到。     

甘肃地产药材空心柴胡的质量评价

目的考察和评价不同产地空心柴胡的质量。方法测定3个不同产地野生空心柴胡根中总浸出物、总皂苷、柴胡皂苷a、挥发油。结果不同产地空心柴胡中有效成分含量有明显差异。结论此研究将为柴胡的药用和资源利用提供参考依据。     

台湾虫草子实体提取物高分辨液质联用分析

目的分析天然台湾虫草子实体的活性成分。方法用高分辨液质联用分析法,对其甲醇提取物及二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯混溶剂提取物进行了成分分析。结果甲醇提取物中主要含有甘露醇、醌茜素、油酸和一种可能为羰基氨基酸类的化合物。对二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯混溶剂提取物的分析发现其主要成分可能为醌茜素、麦角甾醇、硬脂酸、软脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、Ternatin、C12H 30N8O8、C14H32N4O4、C19H38N2O6以及一种挥发性强或难离子化的极性小分子化合物,上述化合物都是首次在台湾虫草子实体中发现,其中化合物C12H 30N8O8、C14H32N4O4和C19H38N2O6为3种新化合物。结论通过本研究可以为进一步研究台湾虫草的活性成分及开发其药用价值打下坚实的基础。     

Antimicrobial diterpenes from the seeds of Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. drupacea

Six diterpenes, including two new natural products, were isolated from the seeds of Cephalotaxus harringtonia. The new metabolites were characterised as 8 beta-hydroxy-9(11),13-abietadien-12-one and 5,6-didehydroferruginol, while the known compounds were identified as ferruginol, sugiol, 6,12-dihydroxyabieta-5,8,11,13-tetraen-7-one, and abieta-8,11,13-trien-7 beta-ol. These compounds were studied in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against clinically isolated bacteria and Candida strains. Ferruginol and 6,12-dihydroxyabieta-5,8,11,13-tetraen-7-one showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. None of the six diterpenes was active against the Gram-negative organisms and yeasts tested.     

Antioxidant lignans from the seeds of Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia

A new phenyldihydronaphthalene-type lignan, vitexdoin F (1), along with 22 known lignan derivatives (2–23) was isolated from the seeds of Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia. Their structures were established by comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. The antioxidant activities of these lignans were evaluated through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assays, and 16 of these isolates exhibited obvious radical-scavenging effect on the stable-free radical, DPPH.     

Three new triterpenes from the roots of Rhus javanica L. var. roxburghiana

Three new triterpenes, lantabetulal (1), lantanolal (2), and lantanolol (3) along with lantabetulic acid (4) and lantanolic acid (5) were isolated from the roots of Rhus javanica L. var. roxburghiana. The structural assignments of all these compounds were carried out by their spectroscopic analysis.     

柔毛水杨梅的化学成分

目的研究柔毛水杨梅(Geum japonicumThunb.var.chinenseF.Bolle)诱导早期新生血管形成和心肌细胞再生活性成分。方法采用Diaion HP 20型大孔树脂,Sephadex LH 20以及ToyopearHW 40F柱色谱结合活性追踪分离化合物,运用波谱技术分析确定化合物结构。结果从柔毛水杨梅甲醇提取物的正丁醇部分分离得到2个鞣质类化合物,利用理化性质及波谱分析确定其结构为casuarinin(1)、pedunculagin(2和3),其中pedunculagin(2和3)为一对端基异构体混合物。结论首次从该植物中分离得到化合物casuarinin(1),pedunculagin(2和3)。     

Two new chlorophenyl glycosides from the bulbs of Lilium brownii var. viridulum

Two rare new chlorophenyl glycosides, 2,4,6-trichlorol-3-methyl-5-methoxy-phenol 1-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and 4-chlorol-5-hydroxyl-3-methyl-phenol 1-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), along with three known compounds (3–5) were isolated from the bulbs of Lilium brownii var. viridulum. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. All the compounds exhibited weak inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.