苯磺酸氨氯地平联合替米沙坦应用对老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰和血压变异性的影响

目的：探讨苯磺酸氨氯地平联合替米沙坦对老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰及血压变异性的影响.方法：选择2011年3月-2012年3月齐齐哈尔市第一医院收治的老年原发性高血压患者48例,给予苯磺酸氨氯地平（5mg/d）联合替米沙坦（40mg/d）治疗4周.治疗前后分别进行24 h动态血压监测,采用自身对照研究的方法对比分析治疗前后患者血压晨峰及血压变异性的差异.结果：与治疗前比较,老年原发性高血压患者治疗后的24 h平均收缩压、24 h平均舒张压、白昼平均收缩压、白昼平均舒张压、夜间平均收缩压、夜间平均舒张压、血压晨峰、24 h收缩压标准差、24 h舒张压标准差、24 h收缩压变异系数、24 h舒张压变异系数均下降,治疗前后比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.治疗后的总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇较治疗前下降,治疗前后比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论：氨氯地平联合替米沙坦降压治疗可有效降低老年高血压患者的血压晨峰及血压变异性.     

替米沙坦治疗122例高血压临床对照研究

目的探讨替米沙坦与氯沙坦治疗原发性高血压的疗效及安全性。方法将122例原发性高血压患者随机分为替米沙坦治疗组62例与氯沙坦治疗组60例,两组疗程均为8w。治疗前与疗程结束时分别采用美国产DP5000A动态血压监测系统进行24h动态血压监测分析。结果两组治疗前与治疗后24h、白昼与夜间平均血压均显著降低(P<0.01);治疗后替米沙坦组24h和夜间平均血压下降较氯沙坦组更显著(P<0.01);两组降压谷/峰比率分别为80.5±7.4%和62.8±4.3%,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论替米沙坦是一种强效、安全、耐受性好的治疗高血压的良药。     

2型糖尿病合并高血压患者24h动态血压变化分析

目的：了解2型糖尿病合并高血压患者动态血压变化特点。方法：对118例2型糖尿病合并高血压患者,292例原发性高血压患者进行24 h动态血压监测,进行比较分析。结果：糖尿病合并高血压患者24 h平均收缩压、白天平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、24 h平均收缩压负荷、白天平均收缩压负荷、夜间平均收缩压负荷均高于原发性高血压患者,有统计学差异;血压昼夜节律与原发性高血压患者比较有统计学差异。结论：糖尿病合并高血压患者收缩压及收缩压负荷偏高,昼夜节律减弱或消失,因此应积极控制收缩压、收缩压负荷,恢复正常昼夜节律。     

2型糖尿病合并高血压患者24小时动态血压分析

目的观察2型糖尿病合并高血压患者24h动态血压昼夜节律的变化。方法选取60例住院患者,按诊断标准分为2型糖尿病合并高血压组和单纯高血压组,对所有患者进行24h动态血压监测,比较24h平均收缩压、24h平均舒张压、白天平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、白天平均舒张压、夜间平均舒张压、24h平均脉压、白天平均脉压、夜间平均脉压及血压昼夜节律。结果 24h平均舒张压、白天平均收缩压、白天平均舒张压、白天平均脉压2组比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),24h平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、24h平均脉压、夜间平均脉压及血压昼夜节律2组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病合并高血压患者建议尽早进行24h动态血压监测,同时降压和降血糖,纠正异常的昼夜血压节律,对于减少心脑血管并发症、防止靶器官的损害具有积极意义。     

两种药物联合使用对老年高血压患者临床疗效的观察

目的：观察苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平联合坎地沙坦对老年高血压患者的疗效及用药安全性。方法将重庆市急救医疗中心于2012年10月至2013年3月收治的92例原发性老年高血压住院患者随机分为研究组、对照组1和对照组2。研究组共32例采用苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平联合坎地沙坦进行治疗,对照组1共30例采用苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平进行治疗,对照组2共30例采用坎地沙坦进行治疗,疗程均为8周。分别于治疗前、治疗后4周和8周进行24 h动态血压监测并记录24 h平均舒张压（DBP）和收缩压（SBP）、白天及夜间平均DBP和SBP、心率（HR）等指标,分析并比较各组的降压效果及用药产生的不良反应。结果3组患者治疗前与治疗后4周和8周24 h平均DBP和SBP、白天及夜间平均DBP和SBP均明显低于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;研究组的总有效率为93．8％（30/32）与对照组1的总有效率76．7％（23/30）、对照组2的总有效率70．0％（21/30）相比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,对照组1与对照组2的总有效率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论应用苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平联合坎地沙坦对老年原发性高血压的降压效果明显,可以有效控制血压降低,且具有用药剂量小、不良反应少等优点,是理想的联合降压方法,值得在临床上广泛推荐。     

替米沙坦治疗轻中度原发性高血压疗效观察

目的：评价替米沙坦治疗轻中度原发性高血压的疗效、安全性。方法：随机双盲分组试验，60例轻中度原发性高血压患者随机分人替米沙坦组（30例）和缬沙坦组（30例），分别每天一次口服替米沙坦80mg或缬沙坦80mg。药物治疗前、后行24小时动态血压监测。结果：（1）8周末，两组坐位收缩压（SBP）谷值及坐位舒张压（DBP）谷值均较基线明显下降，替米沙坦组的SBP谷值及DBP谷值下降幅度大于缬沙坦组。（2）替米沙坦降低轻中度高血压的有效率高于缬沙坦。结论：（1）替米沙坦80mg每天一次口服治疗轻中度原发性高血压安全、有效。（2）替米沙坦80mg每天一次口服降压作用可维持24小时。     

不同时间服用依那普利对血压晨峰现象的影响

目的通过改变依那普利的服用时间来观察其对轻度高血压患者血压晨峰的影响。方法 42例轻度高血压患者给予依那普利10 mg上午(8～12点)服用,4周后监测24 h动态血压以观察白天、夜间和晨起血压情况;如果存在血压晨峰的患者则将依那普利改为晚上睡前服用,剂量不变,1周后再行24 h动态血压监测以观察白天、夜间和晨起血压情况。结果 4周后患者白天血压平均(129±10.5)/(80±6.7)mmHg,夜间血压平均(112±6.2)/(70±4.7)mmHg,晨起血压平均(142±9.5)/(89±5.5)mmHg,85.7%(36例)患者存在血压晨峰现象。改为睡前服用一周后白天血压平均(125±9.5)/(82±5.8)mmHg,与白天服用依那普利比较两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);夜间血压平均(110±7.3)/(68±6.6)mmHg,与白天服用依那普利比较两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);晨起血压平均(123±7.1)/(79±5.6)mmHg,与白天服用依那普利比较两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论轻度高血压患者普遍存在血压晨峰现象,睡前服用依那普利能有效控制轻度高血压患者血压晨峰的发生。     

福辛普利联合瑞舒伐他汀钙对高血压患者血压变异性的影响

目的观察福辛普利联合瑞舒伐他汀钙对高血压患者血压变异性的影响。方法 120例原发性高血压患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各60例,2组均予福辛普利10 mg/d降压治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用瑞舒伐他汀钙10 mg/d。治疗12周后,比较2组治疗前后血脂变化,并运用24 h动态血压监测,比较2组治疗前后血压平均值、血压变异性的变化。结果治疗组12周后较前相比,血总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白明显降低,高密度脂蛋白升高;治疗组12周后较前动态血压平均值、血压变异性均显著下降,24 h平均收缩压、白昼平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、24 h收缩压变异性、白昼收缩压变异性、白昼舒张压变异性、夜间收缩压变异性较对照组降低。结论福辛普利联合瑞舒伐他汀钙可有效降压,调节血脂,并显著改善原发性高血压患者的血压变异性。     

络活喜对高血压患者动态血压的影响

目的：探讨络活喜对高血压患者动态血压的影响。方法：33例高血压患者采用络活喜治疗，并在治疗前后进行偶测血压和动态血压监测。结果：络活喜治疗4周后显效率63．6％，有效率27．3％，总有效率90．9％。治疗后偶测血压、24h平均、白天和夜间平均血压显著降低（P〈0．01），且夜间血压降低幅度显著低于白天（P〈0．01）。心率无显著变化（P〉0．05）。结论：络活喜对偶测血压、24h、白天及夜间血压均有较好控制，且对夜间血压降低幅度明显低于白天，不影响心率，患者收缩压及舒张压谷峰比值均〉0．50，从而有利于减少血压变异对靶器官损伤，具有良好的抗高血压作用及耐受性，故可作为抗高血压的一线药物。     

高血压合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者动态血压观察

目的 观察高血压合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者的24 h动态血压及血压昼夜节律特点.方法 30例单纯高血压及25例高血压合并OSAS的患者进行24 h动态血压和多导睡眠仪监测,比较两组的动态血压、血压昼夜节律.结果 高血压合并OSAS组与单纯高血压组比较,24 h平均收缩压、白天和夜间收缩压以及夜间舒张压升高,夜间收缩压及舒张压下降幅度减少,血压昼夜节律下降,差异有统计学意义 (P＜0.05).结论 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停加剧了高血压患者血压的升高及血压昼夜节律异常,应重视对高血压合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者24 h动态血压监测.     

替米沙坦与左旋氨氯地平治疗轻中度高血压以及对apelin-13和脂联素的影响

[目的]探讨替米沙坦与左旋氨氯地平治疗轻中度高血压的临床疗效以及对血清apelin-13和脂联素（APN）的影响.[方法]将70例轻中度高血压患者随机分为替米沙坦组和左旋氨氯地平组各35例进行治疗,疗程12周,比较两组的降压效果,并检测两组的血清apelin-13和APN水平及与健康对照组比较,观察两组治疗的不良反应.[结果]第12周末, 替米沙坦组和左旋氨氯地平组的降压达标率分别为65.7%和62.9%,两组间比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）;降压总有效率分别为80%和77.1%及两组降压幅度比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.替米沙坦组和左旋氨氯地平组治疗前apelin-13、APN水平均明显低于健康对照组（P＜0.05）.经治疗12周后,替米沙坦组apelin-13与APN水平明显高于治疗前及左旋氨氯地平治疗后（P＜0.05）.[结论]替米沙坦和左旋氨氯地平均能有效地降低高血压患者血压水平;替米沙坦具有升高高血压患者血清apelin-13与APN水平的作用.     

The adjunctive effect of telmisartan in patients with hypertension uncontrolled on current antihypertensive therapy

This prospective, double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, multicentre study assessed the adjunctive effect of telmisartan monotherapy versus placebo in controlling blood pressure during the last six hours of the 24-hour dosing period. After a two-week run-in phase, 375 patients with essential hypertension uncontrolled on existing therapy were randomised to either placebo or telmisartan (40 mg uptitrated to 80 mg after four weeks, if needed) for eight weeks. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted at randomisation (baseline) and treatment end. The change from baseline in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) over the last six hours (primary endpoint) was significantly greater with telmisartan than placebo (adjusted mean treatment difference in favour of telmisartan: -3.7 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -5.5, -1.9 mmHg, p < or = 0.001, n = 350), as was the reduction in 24-hour DBP (adjusted mean treatment difference: -5.0 mmHg, 95% CI -6.5, -3.5 mmHg, p < or = 0.001). Telmisartan also reduced mean systolic blood pressure significantly more than placebo over the last six hours and the entire 24-hour dosing interval. Responder rates (ABPM DBP, seated DBP, and overall [seated SBP/DBP]) at 8 weeks were significantly higher with telmisartan than with placebo (p < or = 0.01). All treatments were well tolerated. When added to existing antihypertensive regimens, telmisartan offers additional effectiveness while maintaining placebo-like tolerability.     

Angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan: effect on blood pressure profile and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with arterial hypertension

In this open-label, non-comparative study, the anti-hypertensive efficacy and effect on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) of 24 weeks' treatment with once-daily telmisartan 40-80 mg was evaluated in 24 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension and LVH. Patients were titrated to the higher dose of study drug at week 4 if they did not achieve blood pressure normalization (i.e. systolic blood pressure [SBP]/diastolic blood pressure [DBP] remained > or = 140/90 mmHg). The anti-hypertensive action of telmisartan was assessed using clinic cuff measurements and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was determined by two-dimensional echocardiography at baseline and after 24 weeks of therapy. Telmisartan significantly reduced mean 24-h, daytime and night-time SBP and DBP compared with baseline after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy. Target blood pressure levels, defined as SBP/DBP < 140/90 mm Hg, were achieved in 16 (69.6%) patients at the end of the treatment period. After 24 weeks of telmisartan treatment, LVMI decreased from 151.6 +/- 5.4 to 135.1 +/- 5.9 g/m2. In conclusion, anti-hypertensive treatment with telmisartan for 24 weeks produced significant reductions in blood pressure and regression of LVH, as assessed by LVMI, in patients with hypertension and LVH.     

替米沙坦治疗糖尿病合并高血压的临床疗效分析

目的探讨替米沙坦治疗糖尿病合并高血压的临床疗效。方法选取2009年9月至2012年1月该院收治的90例糖尿病合并高血压患者,随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组各45例。对照组仅给予氨氯地平药物治疗,治疗组则在使用氨氯地平的基础上,使用替米沙坦药物。治疗结束后,比较治疗前后空腹血糖、总胆固醇以及三酰甘油的变化情况、两组患者的治疗总有效率以及不良反应。结果治疗后,与对照组比较,治疗组空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;对照组总有效率为62．2％,治疗组总有效率为88．9％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,治疗组疗效明显比对照组好;对照组的不良反应发生率为15．6％,治疗组不良反应发生率为17．8％,两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论替米沙坦治疗糖尿病合并高血压可以明显改善患者的空腹血糖、总胆固醇以及三酰甘油等指标,改善患者临床症状,治疗效果显著,不增加不良反应,值得临床上推广应用。     

Effect of telmisartan 80 mg once daily on 24-h blood pressure profile in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension failing to respond to prior antihypertensive therapy

Blood pressure is not adequately controlled in almost 50% of patients with hypertension who are in receipt of antihypertensive therapy. This multicentre, prospective, open-label trial was designed to determine whether or not once-daily telmisartan 80 mg reduced blood pressure during the last 6 h of the 24-h dosing interval in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension who were unresponsive to previous antihypertensive therapy. The study comprised 100 patients (47 males, 53 females) who had failed to respond satisfactorily to prior treatment given for a minimum of 3 months. At screening, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted after the patient had been treated with the currently prescribed antihypertensive medication. Following 5 weeks of telmisartan 80 mg treatment, ABPM was repeated. Telmisartan significantly reduced mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse pressure compared with previous antihypertensive therapy over each time interval (24-h, morning, night-time and the last 6 h of the dosing interval [2.00 a.m.-8.00 a.m.]) analysed. In addition, more than 90% of patients responded successfully (clinic DBP <90 mmHg or a >10 mmHg reduction in clinic DBP) at the end of telmisartan treatment. In conclusion, telmisartan provides effective blood pressure control throughout the 24-h dosing interval in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension who were unresponsive to previous antihypertensive medication.     

替米沙坦与贝那普利对原发性高血压患者血清内皮脂肪酶和脂联素水平的影响

【目的】观察原发性高血压（EH）患者应用替米沙坦或贝那普利治疗前后血清内皮脂肪酶（EL）和脂联素（APN）水平的变化。【方法】将63例轻度EH患者随机分成替米沙坦组（n=32）和贝那普利组（n=31）,进行12周的药物治疗,30例健康人作为对照组。测定健康人及EH患者治疗前后血清EL和APN的水平。【结果】EH患者治疗前血清EL浓度显著高于对照组,血清APN浓度显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）。与治疗前比较,替米沙坦组和贝那普利组治疗后血清EL水平显著降低,而APN水平显著升高（P〈0．01）,其中替米沙坦组EL水平下降,APN水平升高的幅度显著大于贝那普利组（P〈0．05）。【结论】替米沙坦和贝那普利均能使EH血清EL活性降低及APN水平升高,但替米沙坦更显优越。     

替米沙坦对原发性高血压患者纤溶活性的影响

【目的】探讨替米沙坦对原发性高血压（EH）患者纤溶功能的影响。【方法】轻、中度EH患者40例，给予替米沙坦80mg／d，共6周，检测治疗前后组织型纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）及其抑制物（PAI-1）活性。另设28例正常人为对照组。【结果】与对照组比较，EH组t-PA活性降低（P〈0．01），PAI-1活性明显增高（P〈0．01）。EH组经替米沙坦治疗后，在血压明显降低的同时，其t-PA活性增强，PAI-1活性降低，与治疗前相比，差别有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。【结论】EH患者存在纤溶活性降低，替米沙坦降血压的同时，能改善EH患者的纤溶活性异常。     

替米沙坦对高血压病患者左室肥厚和胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的探讨原发性高血压患者经替米沙坦治疗后其血胰岛素抵抗及左室肥厚的变化。方法对56例高血压病患者和56例健康对照者测定空腹及餐后2h血糖、胰岛素、C肽值,计算胰岛素敏感指数,进行超声心动图检查。高血压病患者接受替米沙坦降压治疗21周后,复查上述指标并与用药前进行对比研究。结果替米沙坦对高血压病患者能够显著降低血压,提高胰岛素敏感指数(P<0.01),室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室心肌重量及左室重量指数较治疗前显著改善(P<0.01)。结论胰岛素抵抗可能是高血压病患者合并左室肥厚的诱发因素之一。替米沙坦在降压的同时,具有改善其胰岛素抵抗和左室肥厚的作用。     

Comparison of a fixed-dose combination of 40 mg telmisartan plus 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide with 40 mg telmisartan in the control of mild to moderate hypertension

This study investigated whether a fixed-dose combination of 40 mg of the angiotensin II antagonist telmisartan plus 12.5 mg of the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) was superior to 40 mg telmisartan in patients with mild to moderate hypertension who failed to respond adequately to 40 mg telmisartan monotherapy. One hundred forty-six patients were withdrawn before randomization. Nonresponders (n = 327) were double blind and randomized to 40 mg telmisartan + 12.5 mg HCTZ (n = 160) or 40 mg telmisartan (n = 167). After 8 weeks of treatment, 40 mg telmisartan + 12.5 mg HCTZ lowered diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by an additional 3.5 mm Hg (P <.01) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 7.4 mm Hg (P <.01) compared with 40 mg telmisartan. Most of the additional effect of the combination was seen after 4 weeks of treatment. At week 8, blood pressure was normalized (SBP <140 mm Hg and DBP <90 mm Hg) in 51.6% of patients on 40 mg telmisartan + 12.5 mg HCTZ compared with 23.5% on 40 mg telmisartan (P <.05). The combination of 40 mg telmisartan + 12.5 mg HCTZ normalized DBP in 64.8% of patients, whereas 40 mg telmisartan normalized DBP in 40.1% (P <.05). SBP decreased by > or =10 mm Hg from baseline in 63.5% of patients receiving the fixed-dose combination compared with 42.6% of those receiving 40 mg telmisartan (P <.05). Both treatments were well tolerated. Adverse events were predominantly mild, transient, and considered unrelated to therapy. These findings indicate that a fixed-dose combination of 40 mg telmisartan + 12.5 mg HCTZ is clinically and statistically superior to 40 mg telmisartan in patients with mild to moderate hypertension failing to respond to 40 mg telmisartan alone.