开放性骨盆骨折：治疗对策与疗效分析

目的探讨开放性骨盆骨折的治疗对策,评价其疗效。方法回顾性分析1998年1月至2008年10月我院收治的42例开放性骨盆骨折病例资料。男23例,女19例;年龄7～73岁,平均45.5岁。致伤原因：车祸伤24例,压砸伤10例,高处坠落伤8例;并发休克27例。按Tile分型：A型3例,B型9例,C型30例。软组织损伤按Gustilo-Anderson分类：Ⅰ类3例,Ⅱ类7例,Ⅲ类32例。骨盆周围皮肤软组织损伤部位：髂前上棘3例,腹股沟区5例,臀骶部5例,腰背、臀骶及大腿根部严重大面积皮肤撕脱1例。伴发其他系统损伤：颅脑损伤5例,胸部和肺部损伤7例,胃破裂2例,脾破裂3例,卵巢破裂1例,腹膜后血肿5例,空回肠破裂5例,直肠乙状结肠损伤7例,泌尿系统挫裂伤23例,会阴挫裂伤19例。运动系统其他合并损伤：坐骨神经损伤3例,股神经损伤2例,骶丛损伤6例,腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤4例,股骨头骨折2例,股骨颈骨折2例,转子下骨折3例,股骨干骨折6例,胫骨平台骨折4例,胫腓骨骨折8例,胫骨远端骨折1例,内外踝骨折2例,桡骨远端骨折3例。ISS评分9～58分,平均31.5分。结果治愈37例,死亡5例。42例患者中,骨盆骨折以外组织的损伤数量为123处,是骨盆骨折的2.9倍,其中泌尿系统挫裂伤占54.8%,会阴损伤占45.2%,肠道损伤率占28.6%。剖腹探查率42.9%,初期乙状结肠造瘘率26%,延期乙状结肠造瘘率23%。本组死亡率为11.9%,死亡组平均ISS评分为41.5分,且骨折类型均为Tile C型。存活组平均ISS评分为28.2分。骨盆骨折采用外固定支架固定29例,单纯内固定9例,未同定4例。42例开放性骨盆骨折的创面平均手术3.1次,5例出现深部感染,其中1例为会阴、肛周撕裂伤,受粪便污染而导致创面感染形成深部脓肿,经多次清创和乙状结肠造瘘而治愈。3例为内固定术后感染,其中2例形成窦道,经久不愈,最终去除内固定而愈合;另1例术后出现严重感染,因败血症而死亡。1例为剖?     

Acute blunt traumatic rupture of the diaphragm in a child

Diaphragmatic rupture due to blunt trauma is rare in childhood. The possibility of such injury must be borne in mind whenever blunt abdominal and chest trauma is encountered. This paper reports a case of diaphragmatic rupture in a child with multiple injuries sustained in a road accident.     

Abdominal injuries associated with lumbar spine fractures in blunt trauma

BACKGROUND: Specific analysis of the relationship between abdominal injuries and lumbar spine fractures has not yet been reported. METHODS: A retrospective review of 258 blunt trauma patients with lumbar spine fractures treated between 1991 and 1996. RESULTS: 26 patients sustained concomitant lumbar spine fractures and abdominal injuries. The mechanism of injury was motor vehicle collision (73%), pedestrian-struck (11%), fall (8%) and assault (8%) resulting in ISS, RTS and mortality of 27 +/- 4, 6.5 +/- 0.4 and 8%, respectively. Forty-four lumbar spine fractures were identified (1.7/pt) in association with splenic (54%), renal (41%), hepatic (32%) and small bowel (23%) injuries and no retroperitoneal involvement. Multilevel lumbar spine fractures were associated with a higher organ injury/fracture ratio compared with single level fractures (p < 0.01) including a twofold higher incidence of solid organ (spleen, liver and kidney) injury (p < 0.01). The level and type of fracture did not affect the incidence of total and individual organ injury. Patients with abdominal injuries were more severely injured mainly due to increased incidence of associated thoracic injuries although no significant difference in mortality was observed. CONCLUSION: Abdominal injuries occurred only in the minority of blunt trauma patients with lumbar spine fractures. These injuries, which followed a similar distribution pattern as in blunt trauma in general, occurred most commonly due to motor vehicle collisions and in association with multilevel vertebral fractures. No correlation with fracture type or level was identified.     

Laparotomy for blunt abdominal trauma in a civilian trauma service

This report looks at the group of patients who required a laparotomy for blunt torso trauma at a busy metropolitan trauma service in South Africa. Methods. A prospective trauma registry is maintained by the surgical services of the Pietermaritzburg metropolitan complex. This registry is interrogated retrospectively. All patients who required admission for blunt torso trauma over the period September 2006 - September 2007 were included for review. Proformas documenting mechanism of injury, age, vital signs, blood gas, delay in presentation, length of hospital stay, intensive care unit stay and operative details were completed. Results. A total of 926 patients were treated for blunt trauma by the Pietermaritzburg metropolitan services during the period under consideration. A cohort of 65 (8%) required a laparotomy for blunt trauma during this period. There were 17 females in this group. The mechanisms of injury were motor vehicle accident (MVA) (27), pedestrian vehicle accident (PVA) (21), assault (5), fall from a height (3), bicycle accident (6), quad bike accident (1) and tractor-related accident (2). The following isolated injuries were discovered at laparotomy: liver (9), spleen (5), diaphragm (1), duodenum (2), small bowel (8), mesentery (8) bladder (10), gallbladder (1), stomach (2), colon/rectum (2) and retrohepatic vena cava (1). The following combined injuries were discovered: liver and diaphragm (2), spleen and pancreas (1), spleen and liver (2), spleen, aorta and diaphragm (1), spleen and bladder (1) and small bowel and bladder (2). Eighteen patients in the series (26%) required relaparotomy. In 10 patients temporary abdominal containment was needed. The mortality rate was 26% (18 patients). There were 6 deaths from massive bleeding, all within 6 hours of operation, and 3 deaths from renal failure; the remaining 9 patients died of multiple organ failure. There were 8 negative laparotomies (7%). In the negative laparotomy group false-positive computed tomography (CT) scan findings were a problem in 3 cases, in 1 case hypotension and a fractured pelvis on admission prompted laparotomy, and in the other cases clinical findings prompted laparotomy. All patients who underwent negative laparotomy survived. There were 10 pelvic fractures, 5 lower limb fractures, 2 spinal injuries, 4 femur fractures and 2 upper limb fractures. CT scans were done in 25 patients. In 20 patients the systolic blood pressure on presentation was <90 mmHg and in 41 the pulse rate was >110 beats/min. In 16 patients there was a base excess of <-4 on presentation. Conclusion. Laparotomy is needed in less than 10% of patients who sustain blunt abdominal trauma. Solid visceral injury requiring laparotomy presents with haemodynamic instability. Hollow visceral injury has a more insidious presentation and is associated with a delay in diagnosis. CT scan is the most widely used investigation in blunt abdominal trauma. It is both sensitive and specific for solid visceral injury, but its accuracy for the diagnosis of hollow visceral injury is less well defined. Clinical suspicion must be high, and hollow visceral injury needs to be actively excluded.     

陈旧性髋臼骨折的手术重建

目的 探讨陈旧性髋臼骨折的手术技术和影响临床效果的相关因素.方法 2001年4月至2008年12月,经手术治疗并有完整随访资料的陈旧性髋臼骨折患者61例.男47例,女14例;平均年龄(38±3)岁.按Letournel分型:简单型骨折16例中,后壁骨折7例,后柱骨折2例,前柱骨折1例,横行骨折6例;复合型骨折45例中,后柱伴后壁骨折3例,横行伴后壁骨折7例,"T"形骨折4例,伴后方半横行骨折6例,双柱骨折25例.交通伤52例,坠落伤6例,挤压伤3例.伴颅脑损伤11例,胸腹脏器损伤15例,膀胱尿道损伤7例,伴多处骨折25例,术前有坐骨神经损伤症状者3例.损伤至手术的平均时间39 d.选择单一手术入路13例,前后联合入路48例;手术平均耗时(248±45)min,术中平均失血(2160±100)ml.结果 术后平均随访(61±8)个月.采用Matta的复位标准:解剖复位45例,不满意13例,差3例;根据改良Merle d'Aubingne和Postel临床结果评分:优38例,良13例,可6例,差4例.术后发生股骨头坏死3例(4.9%),异位骨化28例(45.9%),坐骨神经一过性麻痹4例(6.6%).结论 对陈旧性髋臼骨折通过适当的切开复位内固定,也可达到满意的临床结果.对简单型陈旧性髋臼骨折可选择单一入路,而对于复合型骨折原则上采用前后联合入路.手术医生的经验与复位优良率密切相关.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the surgical technique of delayed acetabular fractures and its possible prognosis factors.Methods From April 2001 to November 2008,61 patients with delayed acetabular fractures were surgically treated.There were 47 males and 14 males,with an average age of 38 years.According to Letourael classification,16 simple fractures included 7 cases of posterior wall fractures,2 of posterior column fractures,1 of anterior column fractures and 6 of transverse fractures.Forty-five patients with mixed fractures included 3 cases with both fractures posterior column and wall,7 of transverse and posterior wall fractures,4 of T-shape fractures,6 of posteriorly semi-transverse fractures and 25 of both-columns fractures.Fifty-two patients suffered from traffic accident;6 patients were caused by falling from height and 3 suffered from crush injuries.Brain injuries occurred in 11 cases,thorax-abdominal injuries in 15,urinary tract injuries in 7,multiple fractures in 25.The injury of sciatic nerve was found in 3 patients preoperatively.The average interval form injury to surgery was 39 days.A single approach was employed in 13 cases,and combined antero-posterior approaches were employed in 48.The operation time was (248±45) min with a blood loss of (2160±100) ml averagely.Results The average follow-up was (61±8) months.The clinical result was evaluated by Matta reduction criteria,modified Merle d'Aubingne and Postel scoring system.Anatomical reduction was achieved in 45 cases;however,13 were unsatisfactory and 3 were poor.For clinical results,38 were graded as excellent,13 as good,6 as fair and 4 as poor.Osteonecrosis of the femoral head occurred in 3 cases (4.9%),and heterotopic ossification developed in 28 cases (45.9%).Additionally,4patients (6.6%) had a transient sciatic nerve paralysis.Conclusion Open reduction and internal fixation is a liable method for delayed acetabular fractures.Single approach is suitable for simple fractures;in principle and combined approaches are for compound delayed acetabular fractures.The reduction quality is closely related to surgeon's experience.     

Pediatric sternal fractures from a Level 1 trauma center

Background/purposeSternal fractures are rare in children. The purpose of this series is to document traumatic findings in pediatric patients with sternal fractures at a Level 1 trauma center.Study designWe reviewed the charts of patients with radiologically confirmed sternal fractures from a trauma database at a pediatric Level 1 trauma center between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2015. We report mechanisms of injury, associated injuries, complications, and outcomes associated with sternal fractures.ResultsOver the 16-year period, 19/25,781 (0.07%) admitted patients had radiologically confirmed sternal fractures. 15/19 (78.9%) patients were male. The median age was 14 years, with interquartile range 10–16 years. 7/19, (36.8%) were sustained owing to motor vehicle accidents. Associated injuries included substernal hematoma (n = 6), pulmonary contusion (n = 4), vertebral injury (n = 2), rib fracture (n = 4), intraabdominal injury (n = 3), pneumothorax (n = 3), long bone injury (n = 3) traumatic brain injury (n = 2), hemothorax (n = 2), pneumomediastinum (n = 2) and cardiac contusion (n = 1).ConclusionsIn this series, pediatric sternal fractures were caused by high velocity mechanisms and had significant comorbidity. While patients with isolated sternal fractures may be candidates for emergency department discharge, a thorough evaluation should be performed in children with sternal fractures to identify concurrent injuries.Level of evidenceLevel IV.     

Lumbar transverse process fractures--a sentinel marker of abdominal organ injuries

Fractures of lumbar vertebrae may be associated with abdominal organ injuries. Lumbar transverse process fractures are commonly thought of as minor injuries compared with body, pedicle and lamina fractures. To determine the significance of transverse process fractures as opposed to other lumbar vertebral fractures in relation to abdominal organ injury, a retrospective study was performed. One hundred and ninety-one patients with lumbar spine fractures were reviewed. One hundred and thirty-five (71%) of these had non-transverse process (NTP) fractures only (including vertebral body, pedicle, or spinous process fractures). Fourty-two patients (22%) had transverse process fractures only. Fourteen patients (7%) had both transverse process and NTP fractures. Twenty (48%) of the 42 patients with transverse process fractures had abdominal organ injuries identified. This was a significantly (P<0.05) higher rate than for the patients with NTP fractures, eight of 135 (6%). Patients with transverse process fractures and abdominal organ injuries had a median injury severity score (ISS) of 29 compared with a median ISS of 17 for patients with NTP fractures and abdominal organ injuries. If a transverse process has been fractured, there is likely to have been very large forces involved in the incident. The data strongly suggest that lumbar transverse process fractures should not be thought of as minor injuries but regarded as a significant marker for abdominal organ injuries and should alert the doctor caring for the injured patient of the high probability of these injuries.     

Femur fractures in alpine skiers.

From the years 1982 to 1989, 377 patients with alpine skiing-related injuries were admitted to St. Anthony's Hospital (a level one regional trauma center). Fifty femur fractures were recorded in 48 patients: 29 femoral shaft fractures (2 open), 15 hip fractures, and 6 supracondylar fractures (2 open). In the femoral shaft fracture group, the predominant fracture pattern was a short, transverse, comminuted fracture, illustrating the high kinetic energy of the accident. In this group, 11 patients returned to skiing, 7 of whom had hardware in place. Of the 10 Garden femoral neck fractures, 4 progressed to avascular necrosis. Three patients required press-fit total hip arthroplasties. Only 4 of these 10 patients returned to skiing. Median injury severity scores were 9.1 in 345 patients (94%), suggesting isolated trauma. Collisions with trees or poles accounted for 32% (15 patients) of all injuries. Follow-up data on return to skiing was available on 43 patients and of these 19 (44%) returned to skiing.     

Scapular fractures and concomitant injuries

Objective: The association of scapular fractures with other life-threatening injuries including blunt thoracic aortic injury is widely recognized.Few studies have investigated this presumed association...     

Epidemiology of traumatic spine fractures

Objectives

To illustrate the correlations and effects of age, gender and cause of accident on the type of vertebral fracture and fracture distribution, as well as on the likelihood to sustain an associated injury or neurological deficit.

Design

Retrospective analysis of 562 patients with a traumatic fracture of the spine. Each patient was analysed by reviewing the medical records, the initial radiographs and CT-scans.

Setting

Level 1 trauma centre from 01/1996 to 12/2000.

Results

The most common cause of accident was a high-energy fall (39%), followed by traffic accidents (26.5%). While fall related fractures were evenly distributed over the whole spine, traffic accidents induced significantly more fractures of the cervical and thoracic spine. Sixty-five percent of all cervical spine fractures and 80% of the multisegmental injuries were accompanied by an associated injury. The highest incidence of associated injuries was observed in patients with multilevel fractures (96.5%). Patients with a concomitant injury were more likely to sustain a spinal cord lesion. Sixty-three (11.2%) patients exhibited a complete motor and sensory deficit, 76 (13.5%) an incomplete and 423 (75.3%) no neurological deficit. The highest number of complete motor and sensory neurological deficits was found in cervical spine fractures (19.7%). The majority of patients, 308 (54.8%), sustained a compression fracture, 95 (16.9%) a distraction fracture, and 104 (18.5%) patients experienced a rotational fracture.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates correlations between the cause of accident, the type of spinal fracture and the fracture distribution. Using the AO classification, the likelihood to sustain either associated and/or spinal cord injuries, is predictable.     

Characteristic features of abdominal organ injuries associated with gastric rupture in blunt abdominal trauma

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have investigated the mechanisms of gastric rupture based only on the findings in gastric rupture and excluding gastric lacerations. METHODS: We investigated 14 cases of gastric injury (five with rupture and nine with laceration) from blunt abdominal trauma with or without thoracic trauma. Gastric injuries were caused by a traffic accident in 12 and by a fall in two patients. All of the patients with gastric rupture had had a full stomach at the time of impact. RESULTS: The patients had associated injuries of adjacent solid organs, the thoracic cage, and extremities. The frequency of injury of the hepatoduodenal or gastrohepatic ligament was higher in patients with gastric laceration than in patients with gastric rupture. Eight of nine patients with a gastric laceration had hepatic or pancreatic injury, whereas none of the patients with gastric rupture had such injury. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed that the distended stomach tends to rupture by absorbing the impact from blunt abdominal trauma (i.e., it works like an airbag to protecting adjacent organs such as the liver and pancreas).     

588例骨盆骨折的流行病学特征与临床分析

目的探讨骨盆骨折的流行病学特征及临床特点,以提高对骨盆骨折的防治水平,进一步减少骨盆骨折的死亡率及伤残率。方法总结2007年11月-2009年5月收治的588例骨盆骨折患者的临床资料,统计分析患者性别、年龄、致伤原因及合并伤等情况。结果588例患者中,男326例,女262例,男女比例为1．24：1,年龄为8～90岁。主要致伤原因为交通伤363例（61．7％）及高处坠落伤153例（26．0％）。AO／ASIF分型：61—A型340例（57．8％）,61-B型95例（15．7％）,61-C型33例（5．1％）;62-A型54例（9．0％）,62-B型38例（6．3％）,62-C型14例（2．4％）;61＋62型14例（2．4％）。219例（37．2％）患者合并其它部位的损伤,其中腹部损伤、脑外伤、脊柱损伤等为骨盆骨折的常见合并伤。本组病例共发生休克31例,死亡8例,死亡率1．4％,抢救成功率74．2％。急诊行骨盆外固定支架固定31例,DSA25例,栓塞18例。二期行切开复位内固定术207例,术后恢复良好。结论骨盆骨折以男性中青年居多,绝大多数由高能量损伤所致,合并伤发生率较高,易发生休克。需要对高危人群加强安全教育和培训,从而有利于提高创伤救治水平和医疗质量,降低骨盆骨折的发生率,进一步减少伤残率和死亡率。     

The Role of Multislice Multidetector CT (MDCT) in Abdominal Trauma

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the role of multidetector CT (MDCT) in the management of abdominal highenergy trauma patients using CT classification of organ injury. Materials and Methods: During the past 2 years, 451 patients with abdominal trauma were examined by MSCT. Most were victims of RTA, 400 men and 51 women, between 18 and 80 years old (mean age 38 years). In 78 patients injury to abdominal organs was diagnosed by MDCT. MDCT (GE Light Speed) was performed using 2.5 mm collimation and 7.5 mm table movement with dynamic IV injection of iohexol 350 mg iodine/ml. A workstation was used for 2D and 3D reconstructions. Results: We detected 24 patients with liver rupture. The spleen was ruptured in 20 cases, kidneys in 14 cases; urinary bladder rupture occurred in 4 cases and urethral rupture in 1 case. In 19 patients, more than one organ injuries were observed. In only 23 patients (30% of all injured with grades 3–4), surgery was an imperative treatment, but the majority of victims with abdominal injuries, grades 1–2, were treated conservatively. Conclusion: MDCT plays a crucial role in the management of patients with abdominal trauma. A team approach (traumatologist, surgeon and radiologist) is mandatory in high-energy trauma.     

颈椎小关节脱位与闭合性椎动脉损伤的相关性研究

[目的]探讨颈椎小关节脱位与闭合性椎动脉损伤的相关性。[方法]本组319仍颈椎创伤患者，颈椎骨折261例；小关节脱位46例，其中单侧小关节脱位22例，双侧小关节脱位24例；无放射影像异常的脊髓损伤12例。所有患者接受了颈椎MRI和椎动脉2DTOF MRA的前瞻性检查。动物实验建立犬颈椎小关节脱位的撞击模型，撞击后摄颈椎X线片，24—36h后行椎动脉2DTOF MRA检查。[结果]临床319例颈椎创伤患者，52例继发有椎动脉损伤，单侧51例，双侧1例。发现有椎动脉损伤的患者中，34例（65．4％）原始损伤为颈椎小关节脱位，16例为颈椎骨折，2例为无放射影像异常的颈髓损伤。动物实验14只犬撞击后发生颈椎小关节脱位，12只犬无小关节脱位。14只发生小关节脱位犬中，8只继发有单侧椎动脉损伤，12只无小关节脱位犬均无椎动脉损伤。[结论]闭合性椎动脉损伤最常继发于颈椎小关节脱位，瞬间位移使椎动脉受到过度牵张是主要的致伤因素。     

The association between Chance fractures and intra-abdominal injuries revisited: a multicenter review

The association between Chance fractures and intra-abdominal injuries is reported to be as high as 89 per cent. Because prior studies were small series or case reports, we conducted a multicenter review to learn the true association between Chance fractures and intra-abdominal injuries as well as diagnostic trends. Trauma registry data, medical records, and radiology reports from 7 trauma centers were used to characterize 79 trauma patients with Chance fractures. Initial methods of abdominal assessment were computed tomography (CT) scan (79%), clinical examination (16%), and diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) (5%). Twenty-six (33%) patients had intraabdominal injuries of which hollow viscus injuries predominated (22%). Twenty patients (25%) underwent laparotomy. The presence of an abdominal wall contusion and automobile restraint use were highly predictive of intra-abdominal injury and the need for laparotomy. The association between a Chance fracture and intra-abdominal injury is not as high as previously reported. CT scan has become the primary modality to assess the abdominal cavity of patients with Chance fractures, whereas the role of DPL has diminished.     

肩胛骨骨折与其合并伤关系的探讨

目的 分析115例肩胛骨骨折病例的临床资料,探讨肩胛骨骨折粉碎程度和涉及部位与合并伤之间的关系.方法 回顾性分析2006年8月至2008年3月115例肩胛骨骨折患者的病史及其影像学资料,分为单部分骨折组(83例)和多部分骨折组(32例),比较两组合并伤的发生率及特点.将单部分肩胛骨骨折组按Nordqvist与Petersson方法分成3组:肌肉覆盖部分(64例)、骨突起部分(11例)及肩胛盂部分(8例),并比较3组合并伤的发生率及特点.结果 绝大部分肩胛骨骨折是严重多发伤的一部分,致伤原因与高能量损伤有关.最常见的致伤原因是车祸伤(70.4%).损伤严重程度评分值(injury severity Scale,ISS)平均14.0,42例(36.5%)患者ISS>16.98例(85.2%)患者伴有不同程度和类型的合并伤,其中又以胸部合并伤的发生率最高(85/115,73.9%).多部分肩胛骨骨折组胸部简明损伤定级法评分值(abbreviated injury score,AIS)和总体ISS值均高于单部分肩胛骨骨折组.在单部分肩胛骨骨折组中,肌肉覆盖部骨折组较骨突起部和肩胛盂部骨折组的胸部AIS值和总体ISS值更高.结论 肩胛骨骨折尤其是骨折涉及多部分或肌肉覆盖部时更容易并发严重的胸部损伤.多部分肩胛骨骨折致伤原因多为高能量损伤,常伴发严重的胸部合并伤,可作为胸部严重损伤存在的一项骨性指标.     

胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的治疗

目的 探讨胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的损伤特点及治疗.方法 1996年5月至2007年11月,治疗胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折患者21例,男15例,女6例;年龄17～65岁,平均35.4岁.受伤至就诊时间为1～24 h.致伤原因:交通事故伤14例,高处坠落伤5例,钝器伤2例.21例患者均合并多发创伤或骨折,其中胸椎压缩型骨折11例,骨折脱位7例,爆裂型骨折2例,屈曲牵张型骨折1例.完全性神经损伤6例,不完全性神经损伤4例,无神经损伤11例.非手术治疗6例,手术治疗15例.结果 21例患者均获得随访,随访时间8～99个月,平均37.7个月.术后6例完全性神经损伤患者神经功能无明显改善;1例无神经损伤患者出现迟发性神经功能障碍,余10例病情无加重,其中4例仍有胸背局部疼痛;4例不完全性神经损伤患者中1例恢复正常,1例有改善,2例无改善.结论 胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的临床特点为致伤暴力大,脊髓损伤严重,合并多发伤的概率高.早期固定胸骨有助于加强胸椎的稳定性,延缓胸椎后凸畸形的进展.     

胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的治疗

目的 探讨胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的损伤特点及治疗.方法 1996年5月至2007年11月,治疗胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折患者21例,男15例,女6例;年龄17～65岁,平均35.4岁.受伤至就诊时间为1～24 h.致伤原因:交通事故伤14例,高处坠落伤5例,钝器伤2例.21例患者均合并多发创伤或骨折,其中胸椎压缩型骨折11例,骨折脱位7例,爆裂型骨折2例,屈曲牵张型骨折1例.完全性神经损伤6例,不完全性神经损伤4例,无神经损伤11例.非手术治疗6例,手术治疗15例.结果 21例患者均获得随访,随访时间8～99个月,平均37.7个月.术后6例完全性神经损伤患者神经功能无明显改善;1例无神经损伤患者出现迟发性神经功能障碍,余10例病情无加重,其中4例仍有胸背局部疼痛;4例不完全性神经损伤患者中1例恢复正常,1例有改善,2例无改善.结论 胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的临床特点为致伤暴力大,脊髓损伤严重,合并多发伤的概率高.早期固定胸骨有助于加强胸椎的稳定性,延缓胸椎后凸畸形的进展.     

胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的治疗

目的 探讨胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的损伤特点及治疗.方法 1996年5月至2007年11月,治疗胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折患者21例,男15例,女6例;年龄17～65岁,平均35.4岁.受伤至就诊时间为1～24 h.致伤原因:交通事故伤14例,高处坠落伤5例,钝器伤2例.21例患者均合并多发创伤或骨折,其中胸椎压缩型骨折11例,骨折脱位7例,爆裂型骨折2例,屈曲牵张型骨折1例.完全性神经损伤6例,不完全性神经损伤4例,无神经损伤11例.非手术治疗6例,手术治疗15例.结果 21例患者均获得随访,随访时间8～99个月,平均37.7个月.术后6例完全性神经损伤患者神经功能无明显改善;1例无神经损伤患者出现迟发性神经功能障碍,余10例病情无加重,其中4例仍有胸背局部疼痛;4例不完全性神经损伤患者中1例恢复正常,1例有改善,2例无改善.结论 胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的临床特点为致伤暴力大,脊髓损伤严重,合并多发伤的概率高.早期固定胸骨有助于加强胸椎的稳定性,延缓胸椎后凸畸形的进展.     

胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的治疗

目的 探讨胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的损伤特点及治疗.方法 1996年5月至2007年11月,治疗胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折患者21例,男15例,女6例;年龄17～65岁,平均35.4岁.受伤至就诊时间为1～24 h.致伤原因:交通事故伤14例,高处坠落伤5例,钝器伤2例.21例患者均合并多发创伤或骨折,其中胸椎压缩型骨折11例,骨折脱位7例,爆裂型骨折2例,屈曲牵张型骨折1例.完全性神经损伤6例,不完全性神经损伤4例,无神经损伤11例.非手术治疗6例,手术治疗15例.结果 21例患者均获得随访,随访时间8～99个月,平均37.7个月.术后6例完全性神经损伤患者神经功能无明显改善;1例无神经损伤患者出现迟发性神经功能障碍,余10例病情无加重,其中4例仍有胸背局部疼痛;4例不完全性神经损伤患者中1例恢复正常,1例有改善,2例无改善.结论 胸椎骨折合并胸骨骨折的临床特点为致伤暴力大,脊髓损伤严重,合并多发伤的概率高.早期固定胸骨有助于加强胸椎的稳定性,延缓胸椎后凸畸形的进展.