人脊柱棘间韧带与黄韧带应力松弛实验的研究

从应力松弛力学特性角度对棘间韧带和黄韧带进行定量分析,为人工韧带材料研究和韧带损伤吻合手术提供应力松弛力学参数。将标本装夹于软组织夹具中,之后装夹于电子万能试验机夹头内,驱动机器以1%/s的应变增加速度对标本施加拉应变,在36.5℃温度场下进行实验,采集90个数据,实验结束后计算机自动输出7 200 s之间应力松弛数据和曲线。棘间韧带组7 200 s应力松弛量为1.06 MPa,黄韧带组7 200s应力松弛量为1.62 MPa。棘间韧带和黄韧带具有不同的应力松弛力学特性。     

黄韧带退变与腰椎管狭窄症椎管形态的变化

背景：目前研究发现Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型胶原在结缔组织的增殖与分化、软骨的形成和吸收等过程中起十分重要的作用。 目的：探讨腰椎黄韧带退变与腰椎管狭窄症椎管形态变化的相关性。 方法：收集中央型腰椎管狭窄症36例和外伤性腰椎骨折20例患者的黄韧带标本分别为实验组和对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型胶原;CT测量腰椎硬膜横截面积;黄韧带行苏木精-伊红和Masson染色,观察组织病理学变化。 结果与结论：实验组黄韧带厚度、Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型胶原含量高于对照组,腰椎硬膜横截面积和Ⅰ型/Ⅱ型比值低于对照组(P <　0.05);病理学显示实验组黄韧带弹性纤维排列紊乱,数量减少,胶原纤维增生。提示腰椎黄韧带Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型胶原含量及Ⅰ型/Ⅱ型比值发生改变,可能引起黄韧带厚度增加,导致椎管横截面积减小,参与腰椎管狭窄症的发生。关键词：黄韧带;腰椎管狭窄症;Ⅰ型胶原;Ⅱ型胶原;病理学 型/II型比值 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.17.001     

腰椎黄韧带肥厚骨化的数字化表现

目的　通过对腰椎退变黄韧带的数字化重建,为影像诊断和临床手术规划,提供立体直观的形态学依据。 方法　收集腰腿痛患者薄层螺旋CT影像资料,在后处理工作站中观察退变黄韧带形态及分布,选取轴位像中黄韧带厚度大于4 mm和/或有钙化患者63例,男31例,女32例,年龄32~80岁。将原始数据导入Mimics16.0软件重建图像,观察其形态、分布。 结果　315个腰椎节段中205个节段出现黄韧带肥厚和/或骨化。黄韧带单纯肥厚占总出现节段79.51%,单纯骨化占6.34%,肥厚伴骨化占14.15%。205个节段全部成功建模,肥厚黄韧带建模形态有合页状、不规则片状和柱状;骨化黄韧带建模形态有短柱状、短锥状、不规则片状;肥厚伴骨化黄韧带重建后形态各异。 结论　数字化技术重建黄韧带能清楚显示其分布、形态、邻近结构,还可将所建退变黄韧带模型与腰椎骨性模型随意组合、切割,便于立体直观地显示病变细节。     

骨桥蛋白及其受体在黄韧带骨化症黄韧带细胞中的表达及其意义

BACKGROUND: The exact pathogenesis of ossification of ligamentum flavum has not been elucidated yet. And osteopontin may be an important factor involved in the ossification of ligamentum flavum. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the expression and significance of osteopontin and its receptors, CD44 and integrin-β3, in ligamentum flavum cells between normal controls and patients with ossification of ligamentum flavum.   METHODS: Ligamentum flavum tissues were obtained from normal adult controls and adult patients with ossification of ligamentum flavum (n=8 per group) who underwent thoracic/lumbar posterior decompression surgery. Ligmentum flavum cells were separated, cultured and identified in vitro, and osteopontin, CD44, integrin-β3 were stained using immunocytochemistry method and observed under inverted phase contrast microscope. And the mRNA expressions of osteopontin, CD44, integrin-β3 were measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Immunocytochemistry results showed that the stronger positive staining for osteopontin, CD44, integrin-β3 was observed in the ossification of ligamentum flavum group than the control group (P < 0.01). The mRNA expressions of osteopontin, CD44 and integrin-β3 were also higher in the ossification of ligamentum flavum group than the control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that osteopontin and its receptors, CD44 and integrin-β3, in ligamentum flavum cells may play an important role in ossification of ligamentum flavum.      

经椎板间隙内窥镜下分开黄韧带切除椎间盘

背景：经椎板间隙途径内窥镜下间盘切除需游离黄韧带,后者如果辅助连续扩张器及工作通道进行操作,无论切口多小(甚至3-5 mm),均可完整保留黄韧带。 目的：介绍经椎板间隙内窥镜下分开黄韧带切除椎间盘的应用。 方法：采用经椎板间隙内窥镜下分开黄韧带椎间盘切除治疗16 例男性患者和14例女性患者,平均年龄(48±15)岁,主诉单下肢根性疼痛,病变位于L_3-4间隙1例,L_4-5间隙13例,L₅-S₁间隙16例,其中间盘向上脱出游离者4例,向下脱出游离者7例,所有患者术中电生理监测,在工作通道中分开黄韧带,间盘切除撤出工作通道后,黄韧带可自行复位。 结果与结论：操作时间20-40 min,治疗后随访时间(149±108) d。治疗中电生理监测无异常,椎间盘切除症状均得以改善。经核磁随访显示：脱出间盘组织已完全摘除,黄韧带保留完整,所有患者无相关并发症。结果可见经椎板间隙内窥镜下分开黄韧带切除脱出的间盘组织,是一种可行的操作方式。     

腰椎肥厚黄韧带中细胞凋亡及凋亡因子caspase-3、fas、p53的表达

文题释义： 黄韧带：由左右两部分组成,韧带上下分别附着于上位椎板的前下方,下位椎板的上缘,连接椎弓板,参与围成椎管,控制脊柱过度前屈,维持脊柱稳定。黄韧带肥厚可造成椎管管腔减小及椎间孔狭窄,硬膜囊和脊神经根的压迫,从而产生临床症状。 免疫组织化学技术：是用标记的特异性抗体(或抗原)对组织内的抗原(或抗体)的分布进行定位、定性、定量检测,经过组织化学呈色反应在组织原位显示抗原(或抗体),如各种蛋白质、多肽、磷脂和多糖等成分的一门技术。 背景：腰椎管狭窄症是造成老年人步态紊乱和腰腿痛的关键原因之一,黄韧带肥厚是导致腰椎管狭窄症的主要病理机制,目前关于黄韧带的影像学及病理研究较多,关于细胞凋亡的研究较少。                                                   目的：检测肥厚黄韧带组织中的细胞凋亡率及凋亡因子caspase-3、fas、p53的表达,为深入了解黄韧带退变的机制提供实验依据。          方法：实验组50个经MRI及术后测量证实肥厚黄韧带标本(L₂-S₁)来自50例腰椎管狭窄症行后路减压手术自愿捐赠的患者,男22例,女28例,年龄32-74岁,平均54.46岁;对照组30个经MRI及术后测量证实非肥厚黄韧带标本(L₂-S₁)来自30例腰椎间盘突出症行手术及腰椎爆裂骨折行手术患者,男19例,女11例,年龄19-67岁,平均47.27岁。采用TUNEL染色法检测黄韧带中的凋亡细胞率,用SP免疫组织化学法检测caspase-3、fas、p53的表达。研究通过了新疆医科大学第六附属医院伦理委员会批准,伦理编号为LFYLLSJ2016007。                                           结果与结论：①TUNEL染色示实验组的平均凋亡细胞率高于对照组[(37.80±3.04)%,(13.18±1.34)%,t=41.83,P < 0.001];②SP免疫组织化学染色示实验组caspase-3、fas、p53阳性表达率均为100%,对照组caspase-3、fas、p53阳性表达率为13.3%,16.7%,10%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。结果表明,腰椎肥厚黄韧带组织中细胞凋亡增加,肥厚黄韧带中细胞凋亡与caspase-3、fas、p53的表达上调具有一定的相关性。 ORCID: 0000-0002-0539-5510(张方新) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Histological investigation of rabbit ligamentum flavum with special reference to differences in spinal levels

The structure of the ligamentum flavum has yet to be fully elucidated and no studies have investigated fine structural differences at different spinal levels in any animals. The aim of the present study was to clarify structural differences in the ligamentum flavum at different spinal levels (cervical: C3/4 and C5/6; upper thoracic: T2/3; lower thoracic: T9/10; lumbar: L3/4) using light and electron microscopy of rabbit specimens. Light microscopy using resorcin—fuchsin staining revealed that the distribution of elastic fibers was diffuse in the cervical and upper thoracic regions, but was generally dense in the lower thoracic and lumbar regions. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the cervical and upper thoracic regions were rich in collagen fibers. Conversely, the lower thoracic and lumbar regions were rich in elastic fibers. Quantitative image analyses displayed thick elastic fibers in the lower thoracic and lumbar regions, with high area ratios. Radiographic examinations revealed that ranges of motion were large at the cervical region, but small at the lower thoracic and lumbar regions. These findings suggest that structure of the ligamentum flavum varies at different spinal levels with respect to differences in motion.     

牵张应力对人黄韧带细胞成骨分化的影响

目的探讨牵张应力在胸椎黄韧带骨化症中的作用。方法牵张应力作用于胸椎黄韧带细胞后,通过PNPP法、Real-timePCR等实验方法,观察牵张应力对黄韧带细胞成骨分化的影响。结果牵张应力可以促进黄韧带细胞碱性磷酸酶活性增强,骨钙素的表达增高。结论牵张应力可促进胸椎黄韧带骨化症黄韧带细胞向成骨方向分化。     

Morphologic and histologic study of the ligamentum flavum in the thoraco-lumbar region

The ligamentum flavum, of which there are only a few studies in the literature, has several features discussed in this work. On the macroscopic level, it has a metameric arrangement it has two layers, superficial and deep, whose fibers are oppposite, and it has close relations with the tendons of attachment of some spinal erector muscles. On the microscopic level, its structure is unique for a ligament, because of a predominance of elastic fibers, because of its intrinsic innervation at each level of the spine, and because this innervation grows poorer with increasing degeneration. The ligamentum flavum constitutes an active ligament, with an essential biomechanical role. Its injury is probably not without consequences, and therefore there are many technical problems about the surgical interlaminar approach.     

Centrifugal Force Induces Human Ligamentum Flavum Fibroblasts Inflammation Through Activation of JNK and p38 Pathways

Inflammation has been proposed to be an important causative factor in ligamentum flavum hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms of mechanical load on inflammation of ligamentum flavum remain unclear. In this study, we used an in vitro model of human ligamentum flavum fibroblasts subjected to centrifugal force to elucidate the effects of mechanical load on cultured human ligamentum flavum fibroblasts; we further studied its molecular and biochemical mechanisms. Human ligamentum flavum fibroblasts were obtained from six patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Monolayer cultures of human ligamentum flavum fibroblasts were subjected to different magnitudes of centrifugal forces. Cell viability, cell death, biochemical response, and molecular response to centrifugal forces were analyzed. It was found that centrifugal stress significantly suppressed cell viability without inducing cell death. Centrifugal force at 67.1 g/cm(2) for 60 min significantly increases the production of prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide as well as gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β and IL-6, showed that centrifugal force-dependent induction of cyclooxygense-2 and inducible NO synthase required JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, but not ERK 1/2 activities. This study suggested that centrifugal force does induce inflammatory responses in human ligamentum flavum fibroblasts. The activation of both JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase mechanotransduction cascades is a crucial intracellular mechanism that mediates cyclooxygense-2/prostaglandin E2 and inducible NO synthase/nitric oxide production.     

Frequency and size of ossifications in the caudal attachements of the ligamentum flavum of the thoracic spine. Role of rotatory strains in their development

Summary Ossifications in the caudal attachments of the ligamentum flavum were studied on 121 dried thoracic spines. Most of them were aged. Frequence increased in a caudal direction. At T12, frequence depended on the orientation of the zygapophyseal joints of T11–12 which determined the range of rotation. When they were of thoracic orientation, allowing large range of rotation, ossifications were present in 83% of cases. If orientation was lumbar, allowing poor range of rotation, ossifications became much less frequent:33%. The size of ossifications was also studied. The smaller were in T1 and T2. In T11 and T12, size also depended on the orientation of the zygapophyseal joints of T11–12. If it allowed important range of rotation, ossifications were large sized. In the opposite case, they were small sized. Ossifications of caudal attachements of ligamentum flavum appear to be a normal feature of the aged lower thoracic spine. Their frequence in a given motion segment seems to be influenced by rotational strains

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Fréquence et taille des ossifications de l'insertion caudale du ligament jaune à la colonne thoracique. Rôle des contraintes rotatoires dans leur développement. Etude sur 121 colonnes vertébrales

Résumé Les ossifications de l'insertion caudale du ligament jaune ont été étudiées sur 121 rachis thoraciques dont la plupart étaient âgés. Leur fréquence croissait en direction caudale. Sur T12, elles dépendaient de l'orientation des articulations zygapophysaires caudales qui fixe les possibilités rotatoires de ce segment. En cas d'orientation de type thoracique, coronale, autorisant une importante rotation, les ossifications étaient fréquentes (83% des cas). En cas d'orientation lombaire, n'autorisant qu'une faible rotation, elles devenaient plus rares : 33%. Leur taille fut étudiée. Les plus petites étaient en T1 et T2. Sur T11 et T12, elle dépendait aussi de l'orientation des articulations zygapophysaires de l'étage T11–12. Si cette orientation autorisait une importante rotation, les ossifications étaient de forte taille. Dans le cas contraire, elles étaient de petite taille. Ces ossifications appartiennent à l'anatomie normale des dernières vertèbres thoraciques du sujet âgé. A chaque étage, leur fréquence semble être influencée par les contraintes rotatoires.

     

Tissue transglutaminase is involved in mechanical load–induced osteogenic differentiation of human ligamentum flavum cells

Mechanical load–induced osteogenic differentiation might be the key cellular event in the calcification and ossification of ligamentum flavum. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of tissue transglutaminase (TGM2) on mechanical load–induced osteogenesis of ligamentum flavum cells. Human ligamentum flavum cells were obtained from 12 patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Osteogenic phenotypes of ligamentum flavum cells, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alizarin red-S stain, and gene expression of osteogenic makers were evaluated following the administration of mechanical load and BMP-2 treatment. The expression of TGM2 was evaluated by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis. Our results showed that mechanical load in combination with BMP-2 enhanced calcium deposition and ALP activity. Mechanical load significantly increased ALP and OC gene expression on day 3, whereas BMP-2 significantly increased ALP, OPN, and Runx2 on day 7. Mechanical load significantly induced TGM2 gene expression and enzyme activity in human ligamentum flavum cells. Exogenous TGM2 increased ALP and OC gene expression; while, inhibited TG activity significantly attenuated mechanical load–induced and TGM2-induced ALP activity. In summary, mechanical load–induced TGM2 expression and enzyme activity is involved in the progression of the calcification of ligamentum flavum.     

Spinal balance failure: a potential cause of spinal ligament ossification

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and of the ligamentum flavum (OLF), as well as calcification of ligamentum nuchae in the cervical spine and ossification of ligamentum flavum in the thoracic spine, are common types of spinal ligament ossification. As is known, the pathogenesis of OPLL and OLF has been unclear until recently, and mechanical stress assumably plays an important role. In this paper, we try to make a hypothesis that spinal balance failure (characterized by the gravity line, spinal curvature and flexion/extension in the sagittal plane), may play more important roles than any other factors in the development of ligament ossified diseases. Moreover, different stress thresholds and flexion/extension frequency may induce various ossification regions. It is supported by the conclusions that drawn from literature review: (1) OPLL and OLF seldom occur in lumbar spine which is of stiffer and lower-frequency motion than cervical spine, although its range of motion (ROM) was relatively great. (2) Spinal ligament ossification often appears in the cervical spine, which is significantly flexible with a larger motion range. (3) OLF is often seen in the thoracic spine, which is farthest away from the gravity line for thoracic kyphosis. (4) Many OPLL or OLF patients are often found with a local kyphosis or high segmental ROM. (5) The prevalence of ossification is higher in the larger stress regions, as described above, indicating that there may be a stress threshold for the spinal ligaments.     

非融合棘突间固定器不同棘突间撑开高度与植入节段关节突关节的压力分布

背景：棘突-棘突间固定可分担椎间盘及关节突关节的压力并保留生理活动,但其具体的生物力学机制有待进一步研究。 目的：测量棘突间不同的撑开程度情况下节段关节突关节负荷分担及应力分布情况。 方法：取6具新鲜成人无病变无破坏腰椎标本(L2~5),将各标本棘突间高度锉至12 mm,在L3~4棘突间分别植入支撑高度为10,12,14,16,18,20 mm的非融合棘突间固定器,采用ZWICK-Z010/BIXI电子万能实验机施加700 N•m模拟腰椎前屈、中立、后伸运动负荷。 结果与结论：支撑高度为10 mm的非融合棘突间固定器对植入节段关节突关节的压力分布无显著影响;支撑高度为12 mm的非融合棘突间固定器在过伸时可分担关节突关节压力;支撑高度为14 mm的非融合棘突间固定器可显著降低关节突关节负荷;而支撑高度为16~20 mm的非融合棘突间固定器可使关节突关节负荷基本消除。说明支撑高度等于或略大于中立位棘突间高度的非融合棘突间固定器可合理分担关节突关节的负荷。     

Ligaments of the lumbar spine: a review

A thorough knowledge of the anatomy of the intervertebral ligaments is necessary to provide the basis for good clinical management of back injuries. This paper reviews the literature concerning the lumbar ligaments, including the zygoapophyseal joints. While general principles regarding the anatomy of the ligaments is relatively clear, areas of omission or discrepancy exist. There is very little substantiated information on: the dimensional characteristics of the ligaments; the fibre lengths of the facet capsule; the attachments of the anterior longitudinal ligament; the orientation of the interspinous ligament, and the extent of the supraspinous ligament.     

人黄韧带细胞骨化发生过程中的自噬

文题释义： 黄韧带骨化症：是由于脊柱黄韧带发生骨向分化而形成的一种韧带骨化疾病,常导致椎管狭窄,造成脊髓受压,并产生不可逆损害,出现肢体感觉障碍,严重的将导致瘫痪。目前对黄韧带骨化病因学研究取得了一定的进展,但其具体的发病机制仍未完全明确。 自噬：因外界或自身环境的改变,细胞器和胞内蛋白通过溶酶体进行分解消化并重新利用,从而达到适应外界环境、维持细胞内环境稳定的过程,是真核细胞特有一种表现形式。 MAPK信号通路：是生物体内重要的信号转导系统之一,它可以被物理应激、炎性细胞因子、生长因子以及细胞复合物等一系列细胞外信号或刺激激活,从而参与介导细胞生长、发育、分裂以及分化等多种生理及病理过程。在哺乳动物细胞中MAPK信号通路的主要信号分子包括ERK1/2、JNK以及P38等。 背景：黄韧带骨化发生的病理机制尚不清楚,临床上无有效的药物或非手术治疗的方法。目前研究发现,骨桥蛋白与自噬在成骨过程中均发挥重要作用,二者在黄韧带骨化中的作用尚不清楚。 目的：通过对骨桥蛋白和自噬在黄韧带骨化发生机制的研究,尝试找出药物治疗的潜在作用靶点。 方法：①黄韧带骨化病、胸椎骨折或单纯腰椎间盘突出症患者行后路全椎板切除减压获取黄韧带,将标本分为骨化组和非骨化组,每组各取8例标本,通过免疫组化染色观察骨桥蛋白、骨钙素及自噬指标Beclin-1、LC3、P62的表达;②通过组织块贴壁法进行黄韧带细胞的分离培养,并用不同质量浓度的骨桥蛋白干预不同时间来构建体外黄韧带细胞骨化模型;③非骨化组黄韧带细胞用不同浓度的自噬抑制剂3-甲基腺嘌呤干预后,再用100 μg/L骨桥蛋白诱导,应用Western blot检测骨化指标碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素的表达变化;④用100 μg/L骨桥蛋白干预非骨化黄韧带细胞,并在0,15,30,60,120 min终止骨化诱导过程,应用Western blot检测MAPK信号通路中重要分子ERK1/2、JNK、P38的磷酸化情况;⑤非骨化组黄韧带细胞用ERK1/2特异的磷酸化阻滞剂U0126阻断ERK1/2通路磷酸化后,再用100 μg/L骨桥蛋白诱导,应用Western blot检测碱性磷酸酶以及骨钙素的表达变化。 结果与结论：①骨化黄韧带和非骨化黄韧带组织骨钙素、骨桥蛋白的免疫组化均呈阳性表达;骨化黄韧带组织中Beclin-1呈阳性表达,而LC3及P62未见明显阳性结果;非黄韧带骨化组织中Beclin-1、LC3、P62均呈阳性表达;②与非骨化组比较,骨化组黄韧带细胞中碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素的表达增加;骨桥蛋白可诱导黄韧带骨化,骨桥蛋白的作用具有浓度相关性和时间相关性;③自噬强弱与骨化程度呈负相关,即自噬越明显,骨化作用越弱;④骨桥蛋白能使MAPK信号通路磷酸化,并具有一定的时间相关性;抑制MAPK磷酸化过程后,骨桥蛋白仍然能够诱导黄韧带细胞的骨化;⑤结果表明,黄韧带骨化发生过程中,信号通路上ERK1/2、骨桥蛋白、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶分子的上下游关系为：ERK1/2→骨桥蛋白→骨钙素/碱性磷酸酶。 ORCID: 0000-0003-0008-9802(许国峰) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

The “Valva Cerebri”: Morphometry,Topographic Anatomy and Histology of the Rhomboid Membrane at the Craniocervical Junction

The arachnoid membranes' anatomy is a controversial topic in the literature, and the rhomboid membrane at the craniovertebral junction is an element of this system that has been described poorly. Hence, the objective of our study was to examine this membrane's anatomy and histology. A total of 45 fresh formalin-fixed human cadaveric heads were examined, and anatomic dissections and histologic examinations using standard staining methods were performed. The membrane was found to be a constant structure. It has a rhomboid shape and is located on the medulla oblongata and upper cervical spine's ventral surface within the subarachnoid space. Its average craniocaudal length is 49 mm and the short axis is 26 mm. The cranial apex is attached to the vertebral arteries' junction, and the caudal apex reaches the level of C4. The lateral apices are attached to the dura mater at the level of the denticulate ligament's second insertion. The C1 spinal nerves perforate the membrane, while the C2 roots are located dorsal to it. The membrane is attached strongly to the underlying pia mater. Histologically, it has a typical arachnoid structure, in which its adhesions to the vertebral arteries as well as to the pia mater could be verified histologically. This is the first detailed examination of the rhomboid membrane. Our results suggest that the membrane serves a valve-like function between the spinal and cranial subarachnoid spaces. Based on our findings, further hydrodynamic studies should clarify the membrane's physiological role. Clin. Anat. 32:56–65, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

DIAM植入对腰椎屈伸状态下椎管和椎间孔形态变化影响的应用解剖研究

目的:探讨棘突间植入物DIAM对腰椎屈伸状态下椎管、椎间孔形态变化的影响.方法:对9具新鲜成人L1～5脊柱标本在屈曲和后伸15°位进行CT扫描,所得图像用多平面重建法行三维重建,在ADW4.2工作站上对重建图像进行处理后获得椎管水平面和旁矢状面图像,在该图像上分别测量L2～3、L3～4和L4～5椎管前后径及椎间孔宽度、高度和面积(对照组);在L3～4棘突间安装DIAM棘突间植入物后再次进行CT扫描、重建和测量(DIAM组).对两组测量结果行单样本正态性检验和双侧自身配对t检验.结果:腰椎椎管和椎间孔在屈曲时增大,后伸时变狭窄.椎管前后径、椎间孔宽度及面积等指标变化组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);DIAM植入对椎间孔高度变化的影响无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:DIAM能够降低脊柱后伸时安装节段椎管和椎间孔变狭窄的程度,对相邻节段椎管和椎间孔形态无影响.