Diagnosis and Arthroscopic Treatment of Primary Synovial Chondromatosis of the Shoulder

Primary synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder is a rare condition. We present the case of a 24-year-old man with a 6-month history of right shoulder pain and decreased range of motion. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings led us to the diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder. Arthroscopy revealed loose bodies in the glenohumeral joint, the biceps tendon sheath, and the subscapularis recess. Active intrasynovial proliferation of the axillary pouch was noted. All loose bodies were removed arthroscopically, and partial synovectomy was performed. Histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of primary synovial chondromatosis. We recommend arthroscopic treatment for synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder because of low morbidity and early functional return.     

Synovial Chondromatosis

During 1969–72 138 total hip replacements were performed according to the technique of Müller. The mean age of the patients at operation was 65.4 years. The results were analysed 9–12 years after the operation. Deep infection occurred in two cases necessitating removal of the prosthesis. Eighteen per cent (25/138) were reoperated on because of mechanical failure, the prosthesis was exchanged in 20 of them. Radiological signs of loosening of either component were found in a further 17 patients; only two had symptoms. The total loosening rate was thus 33 per cent (42/138). Twenty-six patients with 31 operated hips died during the observation period. In all of these the aim of the operation was achieved. The remaining cases were evaluated for the long-term results of total hip replacement. These were found to be satisfactory in all of but two cases with symptoms of mechanical failure. Loosening of the femoral stem was associated with varus position, while no relationship was found between loosening of the acetabular cup and the degree of inclination.     

Synovial Chondrosarcoma Arising in Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint

Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint is rare. Even less commonly documented is the progression of synovial chondromatosis to a synovial chondrosarcoma. The aim of this paper is to present only the third case of synovial chondrosarcoma of the temporomandibular joint. Distinction between these two entities by histology alone is extremely difficult and even though it is advised that the definitive diagnosis should be based on clinical, radiographic and histological evidence, this has proved not to be so simple. The patient, a 63 year old female presented with a swelling associated with her left temporomandibular joint. CT and MRI scans confirmed the presence of a periauricular chondroid mass. Fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed an atypical chondroid lesion that was supicious for a chondrosarcoma. The left temporomandibular joint and surrounding tissues were resected after further imaging and extensive clinical, radiological and cytologic consultations. A diagnosis of synovial chondrosarcoma arising in synovial chondromatosis was made.     

Synovial Chondromatosis of the Inferior Radio-Ulnar Joint

Synovial chondromatosis is an extremely rare affection of the inferior radio-ulnar joint. The case in this study presented with mild episodes of swelling and pain in the wrist and discomfort during forearm rotation.     

Uncalcified Synovial Chondromatosis in the Pisotriquetral Joint

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare lesion in the wrist, but some cases in the distal radioulnar joint have been reported and previous case reports emphasize joint calcifications, shown on preoperative plain radiographs. We report an extremely uncommon case of synovial chondromatosis in the pisotriquetral joint, in which radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging did not demonstrate apparent calcified bodies. In our case, for the accurate diagnosis and treatment, surgical exploration of the joint and synovectomy with removal of loose bodies was performed.     

Arthroscopic Treatment of Synovial Chondromatosis of the Ankle

We report a case of synovial chondromatosis of the ankle joint, which has been successfully treated with arthroscopic removal of loose bodies and synovectomy, with the patient immediately returning to school and activities of daily living. Recovery after arthroscopic debridement and loose body removal is much shorter in comparison with arthrotomy, and there is no need of immobilization postoperatively.     

关节滑膜软骨瘤病32例报告

目的：探讨关节滑膜软骨瘤病的临床、X线和病理特点及其诊断治疗的方法。方法：对32例关节滑膜软骨瘤病患者的临床、X线和病理表现进行综合分析研究。找出其表现特点、诊断及治疗方法。结果：滑膜软骨瘤病临床表现特点为间歇性关节疼痛、活动时弹响摩擦感或交锁。X线片可见关节腔内单个或多个大小相仿圆形或椭圆形致密肿物影。病理表现为滑膜充血、增生并化生成多个直径3—5mm圆形或椭圆形的透明软骨小体，晚期小体堆砌成软骨结节。本组病人通过分析其临床、X线和病理表现确诊。经手术切除病变滑膜摘除游离体方法治疗后随访1．5—8年，治愈28例。好转4例。结论：临床、X线和病理表现三结合才能确诊本病，手术切除病变滑膜加摘除游离体治疗本病效果好。     

New-Onset Synovial Chondromatosis After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Total joint arthroplasty is commonly recommended as a definitive treatment for synovial chondromatosis refractory to other treatment. We describe a unique case of synovial chondromatosis developing after total joint arthroplasty in a patient presenting 5 years after total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. This case illustrates that the diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis cannot be excluded in a patient with chronic, painful swelling of a joint, even after total joint arthroplasty.     

Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint Successfully Treated by Surgery

Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a chronic process, defined as a reactive cartilaginous proliferation, characterized by formation of cartilaginous nodules, usually loose in the joint space of the synovial membrane. It mainly affects large joints such as knee, hip, shoulder, and elbow, commonly in male patients. However, its manifestation in the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ), is a rare finding, occurring predominantly in females. This paper reports a case of a woman who presented to the service of Stomatology complaining of mouth opening limitations and pain in her left pre-auricular region. After clinical and radiographic analyses, the condition was diagnosed as SC of the TMJ. The loose bodies within the TMJ were removed under general anesthesia. Histological and follow-up features of this lesion are also discussed. To our knowledge, this is the second report of SC of the TMJ in Brazil.     

Asymptomatic Synovial Chondromatosis of the Ankle: An Incidental Finding

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon, benign lesion of nodular cartilaginous neoplastic development of the synovium that can lead to loose bodies and arthritic degeneration if left untreated. Although very rare, malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma can occur. Primary and secondary forms of synovial chondromatosis also exist, and each has distinct clinical, radiographic, and histologic characteristics. In this article, we describe a case of extensive primary synovial chondromatosis of the ankle that was asymptomatic until just before presentation, and that was treated by means of open synovectomy with excision of the osteochondromatous lesions within the joint.     

关节镜下诊断与治疗膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病

目的 报道膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病１５例,均用关节镜诊断及治疗,所有病例均经病理检查证实。作者对关节镜在术本病诊断中的优点,分型及治疗方法进行探讨,方法 所有１５例病例均为膝关节病变,左膝关节６例,右膝关节７例,双侧膝关节２例。主要临床症状为关节疼痛,交锁及反复肿胀,关节镜术野好,可全面检查关节腔,具有放大作用,可提高本病的诊断率并有助于分型,关节镜下可将本病分为三型,表浅型,深在型和游离体型,治疗采用     

Arthroscopic Retrieval of over 100 Loose Bodies in Shoulder Synovial Chondromatosis: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare and benign condition of unknown cause. It is also known as synovial osteochondromatosis. It is characterized by involvement of the synovial tissue, which lines various joints of our body. Initial symptoms range from pain in the joint, locking of the joint at times, especially the knee, to arthritis of the joint that is a late feature of this condition. Although large joints such as the knee are commonly affected, involvement of the shoulder joint is a rare occurrence. Historically an open arthrotomy was preferred for removal of loose bodies coupled with a thorough synovectomy. However, arthroscopy for loose body retrieval has gained popularity over the past two decades. Arthroscopic surgery is an extremely skilled procedure and there is a learning curve for operating in certain anatomical areas such as the shoulder. However, not only does an arthroscopy provide the surgeon with an excellent view of the shoulder but the patient also has a faster recovery. We report a rare case of shoulder synovial chondromatosis in which more than 100 loose bodies were successfully retrieved by an arthroscopy in an individual who had an excellent outcome post‐surgery, reaffirming our faith in the procedure. A detailed literature review of arthroscopic procedures is also presented.     

Giant Solitary Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint with Intracranial Extension

Synovial chondromatosis are rare entities but are well-described lesions in the literature that can affect many joint areas of the body. A case of tumoral synovial chondromatosis involving the temporomandibular joint with intracranial extension through mandibular fossa is reported. As long as there was significant infratemporal and extradural invasion of the middle and posterior fossa, a transtemporal and infratemporal approach was performed and total removal of the lesions was achieved. A brief review of skull base synovial chondromatosis is presented.     

关节镜手术治疗肘关节滑膜软骨瘤病

目的 初步报告肘关节镜治疗肘关节滑膜软骨瘤病的临床疗效.方法 2007年1月至2009年2月,我科共对15 例肘关节滑膜软骨瘤病的患者施行了关节镜手术,随访12 例,其中男8 例,女4 例;年龄16～65 岁,平均26.5 岁.结果 随访时间1～3年,本组手术前后参照Mayo肘关节评分系统,对所有患者均进行评分,肘关...