应用临时护理路径对外伤性截瘫病人实施健康教育的护理研究

目的探讨应用临时护理路径对外伤性截瘫病人实施健康教育的护理研究。方法选择60例外伤性截瘫住院患者,随机分为观察组(30例)和对照组(30例),对照组采用一般健康教育的方法,观察组按临时护理路径对病人制定住院期间护理路径图,对病人及家属进行健康知识指导,并在出院前对每位病人进行总结评价,出院后4个月进行回访。结果观察组的健康教育达标率,对工作质量满意度均高于对照组,各种并发症的发生率低于对照组。结论应用临床护理路径对外伤性截瘫病人实施健康教育可以提高病人生命质量、减轻经济负担。     

临床护理路径在重症肌无力患者健康教育中的应用

目的:探讨临床护理路径在重症肌无力患者健康教育中的应用效果。方法:将90例重症肌无力患者随机分为实验组和对照组各45例,对照组给予传统健康教育,实验组按临床护理路径进行健康教育。比较两组患者疾病相关知识掌握情况及疾病复发率。结果:实验组疾病相关知识掌握情况与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),疾病复发率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:临床护理路径应用于重症肌无力患者健康教育中,可帮助患者更好地掌握健康知识,减少疾病复发。     

健康教育为核心的临床护理路径在结核性胸膜炎患者中的应用

目的：探讨以健康教育为核心的临床护理路径在结核性胸膜炎患者中的应用效果。方法将76例结核性胸膜炎患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各38例。观察组采用健康教育为核心的临床护理路径进行护理,对照组采用常规护理,分析比较两组的护理效果。结果观察组健康知识知晓率、护理满意度明显高于对照组（P＜0．05）,患者服药的依从性高于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论以健康教育为核心的临床护理路径,在结核性胸膜炎患者实施中可以提高患者治疗的依从性及护理满意度。     

Teaching and practicing cost-awareness in the intensive care unit: A TARGET to aim for

Intensive care is one of the main contributors to rising inpatient hospital costs due to frequent use of expensive diagnostics and therapies. With successful track records of team- and protocol-based care, intensive care units are ideal sites to take the lead in reducing overuse and misuse of diagnostic tests and prescribing. We offer a framework for practicing and teaching cost-awareness in the intensive care unit based on the acronym TARGET. The components of the care are as follows: Talk to patients about their preferences for care, Ask for outside tests, avoid Routine and/or Repeated tests, prescribe Generic medications, Educate about costs, and Transfuse appropriately.     

Footprints of Clinical Pharmacology in Turkey: Past,Present, and Future

Clinical pharmacology is an interdisciplinary field that encompasses all components of the relationship between drugs and humans. All clinical pharmacology professionals aim to support an improved quality of drug-oriented health services by providing teaching, research, and routine health care services that ensure more tolerable and more effective, suitable, and cost-effective use of drugs. Subsections of clinical pharmacology include clinical trials, pharmacoepidemiology and drug use, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, the rational use of medicines, pharmacotherapy consultation, drug monitoring, counseling to authorities and industry, pharmacogenetics, and other practices. By approaching these subsections as part of 3 main aspects of clinical pharmacology—education, research, and health care—this review aims to provide local and international practitioners with detailed information about clinical pharmacology practices in Turkey and to contribute to building the network of communication and collaboration. This review also aims to play an encouraging and pioneering role for Turkey's national community and other countries that have not yet made clinical pharmacology functional in improving the quality of health services, promoting the dissemination of rational use of medicines, helping the set-up of clinical pharmacology organizations, enhancing quantity and quality of the clinical pharmacology workforce, and increasing the infrastructural facilities.     

Organ donation: reducing the risk of health care‐associated infection

Health care‐associated infection is a real and relative risk within the realm of organ donation. Despite detailed guidance from the Advisory Committee on the Safety of Blood, Tissues and Organs on the microbiological safety of human organs, tissues and cells used in transplantation, the topic has received limited exposure in the literature. This paper will give a context to the Safety of Blood, Tissues and Organs guidance, outline the key recommendations for mandatory/recommended screening and provide a summary of infections that may be present at the time of donation that require careful risk assessment. This does not detract from national guidelines and cannot replace expert advice but will raise awareness and complement safe and effective care delivery.     

社区护理

社区护理概述3社区护理的具体内容及工作要点社区护士的主要任务是实施初级卫生保健,并参与当地各种卫生政策的制定与实施。通过社区护理动员社区居民开展各种预防疾病、保证健康及促进社区康复的活动,以保证社区居民获得最大程度的健康,具有良好的生活质量。社区护理的具体内容包括:了解国际与政府卫生组织和卫生法令,进行心理     

Uniform reporting of measured quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

BACKGROUND: CPR quality is an important determinant of cardiac arrest outcome. Recent investigations have demonstrated that quality of clinical CPR is variable and often not in compliance with international consensus guidelines. The 2005 update of these guidelines included new recommendations for the measurement of resuscitation and CPR performance and the institution of measures to improve resuscitation care. Common definitions and reporting templates need to be established for the variables of CPR quality. This will allow for meaningful comparisons between treatment groups in clinical trials as well as a common system for quality improvement and documentation of this improvement. METHODS/RESULTS: In this report, we present the results from an international consensus working group to propose common definitions and criteria for reporting variables of CPR quality, based on the best available data for the importance of various CPR variables. The recommendations are discussed in light of the different purposes outlined above.     

北欧及芬兰的患者协会

人口的老龄化、卫生服务需求的增长、昂贵的卫生保健等问题使欧洲及芬兰的卫生保健面临着巨大的挑战,患者协会的成立,承担了部分医疗卫生保健、科研、教育等工作,补充了政府医疗保健的不足.     

北京某高知群体健康状况变化趋势分析及保健对策

目的 了解高知群体健康状况变化趋势，并采取相应的预防保健措施。方法连续3年对同一高知人群的健康查体结果进行分析。结果发病率较高的疾病谱依次为前列腺增生、高血脂症、白内障、高血压、糖尿病、脂肪肝发病率有所下降。经统计学分析，2005年与2004年结果相比较以及2005年与2003年相比较，前列腺增生和高血脂症的发病率明显增高（P〈0．05）；2005年与2003年结果相比较，高血压的发病率明显降低（P〈0．01）。2004年健康查体中发现恶性肿瘤1例。受检者年龄〉60岁的占55．8％。结论定期体检是早期防治疾病的有效方法；提倡健康的生活方式和提高疾病控制率的教育，预防与治疗相结合，医患间建立信任并增进交流，以及制定以患者为中心的治疗计划，提倡社会支持等措施对高知群体的身体健康是非常重要的．     

Where Has “Patient Care” Gone?

As we rush around attending to the essentials of our lives (family, friends, clients, employers), what is left?Nursing Forum invites readers to engage in thoughts and activities that may awaken an untouched place. We hope these writings will kindle your personal involvement in something that was previously avoided—because of bias, fear, or uneasiness—in order to stretch your mind and spirit.     

The relationship between labour cost per patient and the size of intensive care units: a multicentre prospective study

Objective We examined the relationship between major ICU characteristics and labour cost per patient.Design Four-week prospective data collection, in which the hours spent by each physician and nurse on both in-ICU and extra-ICU activities were collected.Setting Eighty Italian adult ICUs.Measurements and results The cost of the time actually spent by ICU staff on ICU patients (labour cost) was computed for each participating unit, by applying to the average annual salaries the proportions of in-ICU activity working time for physicians and nurses. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify ICU characteristics that predict labour costs per patient. Labour cost per patient was positively correlated with ICU mortality and patients average length of stay (slopes =0.67, p =0.048 and 0.09, p <0.0001, respectively). Labour cost per patient decreases almost linearly as the number of beds increases up to about eight, and it remains nearly constant above about twelve beds. The number of patients admitted per physician (not per nurse) increases with the number of beds (Spearman correlation coefficient =0.567, p <0.0001).Conclusions Our findings suggest that ICUs with less than about 12 beds are not cost-effective.The authors appear on behalf of the GiViTI group [Gruppo Italiano per la Valutazione degli Interventi in Terapia Intensiva (Italian Group for the Evaluation of Interventions in Intensive Care Medicine)]. A complete list of study participants appears in the Appendix