TBL教学模式对康复治疗学本科生教学效果的影响

目的:观察基于团队的学习模式(TBL)对康复治疗学专业本科生学习成绩、一般自我效能感及专业认同的影响。方法:以西南医科大学2015级康复治疗学专业77例学生为研究对象,以《物理治疗学》为统一授课教材,按班级分为以传统讲授教学模式(LBL)为主的LBL组共38例,和以基于团队的教学模式为主的TBL组共39例,采用期末学习成绩、一般自我效能量表及大学生专业认同问卷评价TBL的教学效果。结果:TBL组实践总成绩及案例分析得分均明显高于LBL组(均P<0.05),但选择、填空题均明显低于LBL组(均P<0.05),名词解释、简答题和论述题2组间比较差异无统计学意义。期末时,TBL组自我效能感及总体专业认同度均明显高于LBL组(均P<0.05),适切因子、行为因子、情感因子均有不同程度地提高(均P<0.05)。结论:TBL教学模式对学习成绩有一定影响,同时,TBL有利于提高学生自我效能感,增强学生专业认同度。     

以团队为基础的教学模式在护理伦理学中的应用

目的 探讨以团队为基础的教学(TBL)模式在护理伦理学中的应用效果.方法 确定TBL分组方式、教学设计、评分方式等,在护理伦理学课程中选择临终关怀伦理和安乐死伦理这两部分内容,对310名大专学生开展TBL教学.结果 学生取得较为满意的学习成绩,85.5％和64.5％的学生对TBL分组方式及学习效果很满意;大部分学生自评小组合作能力、学习主动性、评判性思维能力、学习态度、沟通能力等有了较大进步.结论 TBL教学模式能有效提高学生的学习主动性和学习效果.但需注意课前充分了解教学对象、科学进行学生分组、合理安排课堂内容和时间、努力提高学生参与度等.     

Delivering feedback on learning organization characteristics--using a Learning Practice Inventory

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Learning is recognized to be at the heart of the quality improvement process in the National Health Service (NHS). However, the challenge will be how to ensure that learning becomes embedded within the NHS culture. The aim of this study is to identify a robust feedback process and format in which practices could receive data on their responses to a Learning Practice Inventory (a diagnostic instrument designed to identify a practice's capacity for collective learning and change). METHOD: Five practices volunteered to test the instrument, and it was distributed to all members of the primary care team. A process was worked through to identify different formats for presenting scores within and between practices. The preferred method of data presentation was sought, and an evaluation gathered information on the preferred form of feedback, the usefulness of the data, the clarity of the questions and the level of interest in receiving further information. RESULTS: Eighty-five staff from five practices completed the questionnaire, and 61 individuals completed the evaluation forms. In most cases, there was a spread of scores by staff within practices and across the scale of 1-10. Medians were clustered at the learning practice end for all five practices. However, despite this skew, there were sometimes quite large differences between practices in their median scores. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that a robust feedback process on collective capacity for learning and change can be identified that is useful and feasible. A key implication is that some form of educational support is required, and this work will take place as part of an ongoing programme of research by the authors.     

高职护理专业学生在线学习投入度及影响因素分析

目的 了解高职护理专业学生在线学习投入现状及影响因素,为在线学习投入的干预研究提供理论依据.方法 于2021年1月采用一般资料调查表、在线学习投入量表和在线学习投入影响因素量表,对福建卫生职业技术学院符合纳入标准的476名护理专业学生进行横断面调查.采用多元线性回归分析学生在线学习投入度的影响因素.结果 高职护理专业学...     

Factors in the clinical learning environment that influence caring behaviors of undergraduate nursing students: An integrative review

AimThe aim is to explore literature on the influence of the clinical learning environment on caring behaviors of undergraduate nursing students.BackgroundCaring is a fundamental aspect of nursing practice. However, factors of and in clinical learning environment that help shape the caring behaviors of nursing students as part of their education journey remain understudied.DesignA modified version of Cooper’s five-stage integrative review method was used.MethodsFour databases (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, PubMed, Scopus and Embase) were searched for research studies published from 2011 to 2021 in peer reviewed journals, written in English and addressing caring behaviors among nursing students in the clinical learning environment. A combination of keywords with Boolean operators was used including: “nursing students OR nursing undergraduates OR student nurses” and “clinical learning environment” AND “caring behaviors”. Reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines.ResultsEmpirical evidence was drawn from 11 studies including seven qualitative designs, three quantitative designs and one mixed method design. The results of this review suggest that factors in the clinical learning environment influence nursing students’ ability to develop caring behaviors. Specifically, the five themes of: [1] role modeling of clinical faculty and professional nurses, [2] creating a conducive clinical learning environment, [3] effective communication skills, [4] positive effect of simulation and [5] alternative clinical placements may facilitate the development of caring behaviors among nursing students.ConclusionThe findings highlight the factors in the clinical learning environment that influence nursing students’ caring behaviors. Improving students’ clinical learning experiences and implementing more effective role modeling and teaching strategies may advance their caring abilities. The information generated from this review provides evidence on how to enhance the clinical learning environment to develop students’ caring behaviors, subsequently leading to more optimal patient outcomes.     

Factors related to aggressive behaviors among older adults in nursing homes of Korea: A cross-sectional survey study

BackgroundAggressive behavior is one of the most challenging behavioral psychological symptoms for older adults and their caregivers in nursing homes.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine and identify contributing factors of aggressive behaviors among older adults in nursing homes in South Korea.DesignThis is a secondary analysis of a national survey on health and functional status among older nursing home residents.SettingsParticipants were recruited from 91 nursing homes.ParticipantsA total of 1447 older adults were included for final analysis and they were randomly selected from a nationally representative sample of people 65 years and older at the sampled nursing homes.MethodsPresence of aggressive behaviors was identified when participants showed at least one of the five symptoms in the Korean interRAI Long-Term Care Facility Assessment Tool such as physical abuse, verbal abuse, socially inappropriate or destructive behaviors, and resistance to care. Theory-based contributing factors were selected and examined. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsAbout 19% of older nursing homes residents had aggressive behaviors, and several health and social factors including social engagement are associated with aggressive behaviors.ConclusionsAggressive behavior is prevalent in older nursing home residents with and without dementia in South Korea and individual and institutional level interventions are necessary.     

The meaning and application of student-centered learning in nursing education: An integrative review of the literature

AimThe aim of this study was to review empirical articles to explore the meaning and the application of student-centered learning in nursing education.BackgroundTeachers in higher education are encouraged to adopt student-centered learning principles, but research shows that many still apply teacher-centered methods. There is therefore a need to clarify the meaning of student-centered learning, including how it is performed and the reasons to apply it in nursing education.DesignThis study employed an integrative review method, following Whittemore and Knafl’s framework.MethodsThe databases CINAHL, Education Database and Education Research Complete were searched for related literature published from 2010 to 2020. The initial search located 308 articles. After screening and checking for eligibility, 25 articles were critically appraised. Data were extracted from the articles and displayed in matrices to be categorized and compared.ResultsThree themes with attendant sub-themes emerged through the analysis: foundation, using core concepts to define and explain student-centered learning, eligibility, enhancing student knowledge, developing student abilities and supporting student self-reliance and realization, learning in interaction with peers, learning individually and learning in interaction with the teacher.ConclusionStudent-centered learning in nursing education is an approach where the teacher is a facilitator of student learning and students are empowered to take control of their own studies. Students study together in groups; they are listened to by the teacher and their needs are taken into consideration. The main reasons to apply student-centered learning are to enhance students’ theoretical and practical learning; to improve their generic competencies, such as problem-solving and critical-thinking abilities; and to strengthen students’ self-reliance.     

Enhancing team learning in nursing teams through beliefs about interpersonal context

Aim. This article is a report of a study that examines the relationship between team‐level learning and performance in nursing teams, and the role of beliefs about the interpersonal context in this relationship. Background. Over recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the learning processes of work teams. Researchers have investigated the impact of team learning on team performance, and the enabling conditions for this learning. However, team learning in nursing teams has been largely ignored. Design. A cross‐sectional field survey design was used. Methods. The sample comprises a total of 468 healthcare professionals working in 89 nursing teams at different public hospitals throughout Spain. Members of nursing teams participated voluntarily by completing a confidential individual questionnaire. Team supervisors evaluated nursing teams’ performance. Data were collected over 2007–2008. Results. The results show a mediating effect of team learning on the relationship between beliefs about interpersonal context (psychological safety, perceived task interdependence, and group potency) and team performance. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that beliefs about interpersonal context and team learning are important to effective nursing team performance.     

The impact of assessment methods on the learning of nursing students

Assessment methods can influence the learning approaches of nursing students. Assessments designed to assess understanding rather than rote learning can contribute to a deep learning approach. Multiple-choice questions can be formulated at high cognitive levels for nursing assessments. This study aimed to examine the effect of high quality multiple-choice tests on the learning approaches of students enrolled in a mental health nursing course as measured by the revised two-factor study process questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F). Data were collected from 136 students in a higher diploma (HD) in nursing programme and 142 baccalaureate (BSN) nursing students. Two-step cluster analysis yielded three clusters represented by students who were predominantly deep, predominantly surface or intermediate in their orientation to learning. There was a general decrease in the deep learning score and an increase in the surface learning score of the students on the course, possibly related to the excessive workload in nursing studies. However, there was no direct association with multiple-choice assessment. The academic achievement of students correlated negatively with their surface learning approach. Students (n=31) in four focus group interviews believed that assessments constructed using scenario-based questions, simulated role-play situations and case studies could direct desired learning in order to facilitate their understanding of knowledge, their use of critical thinking, and their application of knowledge.     

护理本科生学习行为与学习方式关系的研究

目的了解护理本科学生的日常学习行为与学习方式的关系,为改善教学效果提供依据。方法选择某护理学院在读本科学生116名,用改良版学习过程问卷（revised two-factor study process questionnaire,R—SPQ-2F）调查学习方式,包括深层学习方式得分和浅层学习方式两个维度。使用自制的问卷调查学生学习行为。结果调查对象深层学习方式得（26．16±6．43）分,浅层学习方式得（30．53±5．67）分。经常阅读学术期刊和医学书籍、与同学间讨论和积极参与课堂活动的学生,深层学习方式得分更高。结论护理本科学生较多以浅层学习方式学习为主。培养良好的阅读习惯,鼓励学生间讨论问题和上课提问、回答问题将促进学生深层次的学习。     

护理本科生参与护理学基础案例教学的真实体验

目的了解学生参与案例教学法的真实体验,以评价案例教学法的效果。方法以40名护理本科生为教学对象,在护理学基础课程的部分章节中采用案例教学法教学。课程结束后,选取12名学生,以座谈会形式了解学生对案例教学法的评价、收获、不足及改进建议。结果学生普遍反映案例教学法以学生为主体和核心,能够引发学生主动思考和主动学习,提高了学生的团队协作意识和沟通交流能力。然而,部分案例编制简单、个别教师案例教学流于形式、学生学业压力大以及学习动机消极可能是影响案例教学效果的重要因素。结论案例教学法较传统教学法具有不可替代的优势,但是要达到最好的教学效果,仍需要进一步的实践和修正。     

护理干预对癫痫患儿遵医行为及治疗效果的影响

目的 探讨护理干预对癫痫患儿遵医行为及治疗效果的影响.方法 选择住院治疗的癫痫患儿78例,随机分为干预组40例和对照组38例.对照组入院后采取常规护理,干预组病人采取以病人为中心的护理干预,比较两组患儿的遵医行为及治疗效果.结果 干预组患儿的遵医行为较对照组明显提高(P<0.01),干预组治疗效果较对照组明显改善(P<0.01).结论 护理干预能明显提高癫痫患儿的遵医行为及治疗效果,进一步提高生活质量.     

The use of team-based learning in a second year undergraduate pre-registration nursing course on evidence-informed decision making

More engaging teaching and learning strategies are needed to teach research-related courses to pre-registration nursing students. Team-based learning was implemented within a second year pre-registration nursing evidence-informed decision making course. Results from a questionnaire survey indicated that 70% believed team-based learning was appropriate for the course, 60% that it was an effective and motivating learning strategy, and 54% recommended using team-based learning in other courses. The results from ten student interviews illustrated the positive way in which team-based learning was perceived, and how the students thought it contributed to their learning. Test results were improved with an increase in the numbers of students achieving 70% or higher; and higher scores for students in the lowest quartile. Team-based learning was shown to be an effective strategy that preserved the benefits of small group teaching with large student groups.     

The invisible nature of learning: Patient education in nursing

BackgroundLearning for patients and their families within nurses’ patient- and family-education practice is an important part of person- and family-centred care. Patients and their families must master health promotional or management strategies to optimise their health outcomes. Support is often provided by nurses, but how nurses facilitate each patient’s and their family’s learning, using cognitive learning principles, seems invisible in the nursing literature.AimThis discussion paper examines the important role of cognitive learning within nurses’ patient- and family-education practice. How learning is enabled, the differences between teaching and learning and the role of learning principles are discussed. Shortcomings are identified and possible ways to address these within nurses’ practice are considered.MethodsThe discussion draws on the limited current literature surrounding cognitive learning principles in nurses’ practice and nurses’ awareness of learning principles. Readers are encouraged to question their current conceptualisation of learning and their perceptions and use of learning principles in their practice.Findings and discussionThe learning process within nursing is overshadowed by explanations of teaching strategies, determinants of learning and the learning principles of one specific theorist. The principles of cognitive learning and their role in patient- and family-education are poorly described and possibly poorly understood. This creates a fundamental knowledge gap in nursing practice.ConclusionA significant rethink about the role of learning principles within nurses’ patient- and family-education practice is overdue. These principles need to be explored further by involving nurses, patients and their families to identify how nurses are perceiving and using learning principles in their practice.