宫颈上皮内瘤变合并阴道上皮内瘤变临床特征分析

目的:探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)合并阴道上皮内瘤变(VAIN)的临床特点及危险因素。方法:收集承德医学院附属医院妇产科634例CIN患者的临床资料,其中49例CIN合并VAIN,585例CIN。对比分析两组患者的临床特征,logistic回归多因素分析CIN合并VAIN的独立危险因素。结果:CIN合并VAIN组患者的中位年龄56岁,绝经后患者占85.7%,CIN组患者的中位年龄38岁,绝经后患者占16.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CIN合并VAIN组中,95.9%的患者具有HPV感染,其中多重HPV感染占57.1%,多重HPV感染率明显高于CIN组(35.4%)(P<0.05)。两组患者均以HPV16型感染最常见,CIN合并VAIN组中感染最多的依次为HPV16、52、66、58、53型,CIN组依次为HPV16、58、52、33、18型。多因素分析显示,年龄是CIN合并VAIN的独立危险因素(OR=1.245,P<0.05)。VAIN3患者的TCT较多为HSIL和ASC-H,VAIN1较多为ASCUS和LSIL。CIN分级与VAIN分级具有一致...     

220例宫颈上皮内瘤变的临床分析

目的：探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）的不同处理方法及预后。方法：选择宫颈癌筛查CIN患者220例,116例CINⅠ作为单纯随访组,104例包括CINⅠ53例、CINⅡ37例、CINⅢ14例作为治疗组。治疗组中物理治疗者共50例,宫颈锥切术治疗25例,高频电波刀宫颈电圈切除术（LEEP）20例,子宫全切术治疗共9例。所有病例随访2年。结果：单纯随访组第6,12和24个月CINⅠ自然转阴率分别为29.31%（34/116）、55.14%（59/107）、83.51%（81/97）,病变持续率分别为69.83%（81/116）、43.92%（47/107）、14.43%（14/97）;单纯随访组第24个月HPV高危型转阴率为27.45%（14/51）,HPV低危型转阴率为47.06%（24/51）,进展病例均为HPV高危型阳性。治疗组中CINⅠ和CINⅡ物理治疗者1年内复发率分别为4.88%（2/41）、22.2%（2/9）,CINⅡ及CINⅢ行宫颈锥切或LEEP患者均未见复发者。目前所有病例仍在继续随访。结论：多数CINⅠ病变会自然消退,HPV也自然清除,但对于HPV持续阳性的患者应警惕其进展为高度CIN。随访病例要选择阴道镜满意,病灶范围小,自愿接受随访者;CINⅡ级及CINⅢ级应选用宫颈锥切或LEEP治疗,但CINⅢ级需长期随访。对于宫颈高度病变则不推荐使用物理治疗。     

220例宫颈上皮内瘤变的临床分析

目的:探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)的不同处理方法及预后.方法:选择宫颈癌筛查CIN患者220例,116例CIN Ⅰ作为单纯随访组,104例包括CIN Ⅰ53例、CIN Ⅱ37例、CIN Ⅲ14例作为治疗组.治疗组中物理治疗者共50例,宫颈锥切术治疗25例,高频电波刀宫颈电圈切除术(LEEP)20例,子宫全切术治疗共9例...     

宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅰ级的自然转归研究

目的:了解我国宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅰ级(CINⅠ)的自然转归情况。方法:对经病理诊断为CINⅠ的548例患者进行24～48个月的定期随访。以液基细胞学检查(LCT)联合高危型HPV检测(HC-Ⅱ)作为监测手段。对LCT≥ASCUS,高危型HPV阳性或LCT≥LSIL者,行阴道镜下多点活检,以病理为最终诊断评价CINⅠ在6、12、24和36个月的自然转归情况。以寿命表法计算病变转归率。结果:(1)随访36个月时,累积失访率为10.22%。(2)随访36个月,CINⅠ向高级别进展者16例,病情稳定者29例,病变逆转447例。CINⅠ随访6个月时病变进展、持续存在和逆转为正常的百分率分别为0.58%、67.11%、37.39%;12个月时分别为1.15%、48.13%、55.61%;24个月时分别为2.30%,20.90%,77.28%;36个月时分别为3.07%,5.56%,85.71%。(3)高危型HPV阳性的CINⅠ患者6、12、24和36个月HPV累计自然清除率分别为52.76%、61.84%、82.64%和94.52%。结论:绝大多数CINⅠ可在36个月内自然逆转,其携带高危型HPV病毒亦可被自然清除。CINⅠ可能由高危型HPV一过性感染所致。     

190例宫颈上皮内瘤变的临床诊治分析

目的:探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)的诊断及对治疗的影响。方法:对2003年在我院诊断为CIN的190例患者的术前宫颈多点活检、术中快速病理诊断、术后组织学结果及治疗方法等资料进行回顾性分析。结果:术前宫颈多点活检的过低诊断率为8.0%(肉眼下多点活检11.8%、阴道镜下多点活检2.2%),漏诊浸润癌3例;术中快速病理诊断后过低诊断率降至4.5%,无浸润癌漏诊。对CINⅠ和CINⅡ、Ⅲ的过度治疗率分别为21.7%和38.0%。结论:阴道镜下多点活检可以提高诊断准确性,术中宫颈锥切或再次多点活检行快速病理诊断可减少对宫颈癌及CIN的过低诊断,有利于选择恰当的治疗方法。     

人乳头瘤病毒及其相关宫颈上皮内瘤变的药物治疗进展

宫颈上皮内瘤变是由高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的持续性感染引起。高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变患者的治疗以手术切除病变组织为主。手术的治疗效果确切,但也可能带来一些术后并发症,如早产、低体重儿等。因此,药物治疗人乳头瘤病毒及其相关宫颈上皮内瘤变具有潜在的重要临床价值。本文就目前人乳头瘤病毒及其相关宫颈上皮内瘤变的药物治疗进展做一综述。     

宫颈癌及高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变子宫切除术后阴道上皮内瘤变88例临床分析

目的:探讨宫颈癌及高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变(CINⅡ及以上,简称CINⅡ+)子宫切除术后阴道上皮内瘤变(VaIN)的临床特点、诊断及治疗。方法:回顾性分析收治的宫颈癌及CINⅡ+术后门诊规律随访时经阴道镜下活检发现的88例VaIN患者(VaINⅠ55例,VaINⅡ23例,VaINⅢ10例)的临床病理资料。结果:(1)88例患者中82例(93.18%)无明显临床症状。发生VaINⅠ的中位年龄(47.23岁)低于VaINⅡ+(50.75岁),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)CINⅡ+和宫颈癌术后发生VaIN的平均时间为22.01±4.13月,CINⅡ+及宫颈癌术后2年内发现VaIN的比率(65.90%)高于2年及以上(34.10%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)TCT、HPV及两者联合筛查VaIN的敏感性分别为44.57%、69.31%、87.50%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(4)HPV感染:61例HPV感染的VaIN患者中,高危型HPV感染58例(95.08%)。发生VaIN时HPV感染亚型与既往CINⅡ+或宫颈癌时HPV感染亚型相同的VaINⅡ+所占比例(56.00%)多于VaINⅠ(17.78%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(5)共失访8例(9.09%)。50例VaINⅠ患者均未治疗,随访24例(48.00%)患者转为正常,23例(46.00%)患者为持续VaINⅠ状态,3例(6.00%)进展为VaINⅡ。未行治疗的VaINⅡ患者7例,规律随访6例,无一例进展;经手术治疗的VaINⅡ+患者24例,无一例进展为阴道癌。1例持续的阴道或外阴上皮的中重度不典型增生,共行4次手术治疗。结论:VaIN多无临床症状,易漏诊;随年龄的增加,VaIN的级别较高。CINⅡ+及宫颈癌术后2年内应密切监控VaIN的发生。HPV和TCT联合筛查能提高对VaIN的诊断。检测特定类型的HPV感染对于识别VaIN风险有一定重要性。VaINⅠ采用观察治疗可行,VaIN病变均应严密随访。     

HPV感染年龄与高度宫颈上皮内瘤变的关系

目的探讨高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR-HPV）感染患者年龄分布与高度宫颈上皮内瘤变和宫颈癌的关系。方法 2008年7月至2009年4月在中日友好医院同时采用液基薄层细胞学（LCT）和HPV检测行宫颈癌筛查的妇女948例,对LCT≥ASC-US和/或HR-HPV阳性的367例患者进行阴道镜下宫颈活检。结果 〈50岁年龄组妇女的HR-HPV感染率（34.27%）与≥50岁年龄组妇女（18.98%）比较,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;〈30岁、30～49岁和≥50岁3个年龄组HR-HPV阳性者中,≥CIN2患者的例数分别为18例（39.13%）、81例（43.78%）和17例（32.69%）,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论各个年龄段感染HR-HPV的妇女发生≥CIN2的机会无明显差异,均应加强随访。     

辛复宁配合LEEP治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变临床观察

<正>宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)是宫颈癌前病变[1],目前证实CIN与HPV感染高度相关[2]。伴有病毒感染的CIN患者,采用普通抗生素或物理治疗往往难以彻底清除病毒。2009年1月～12月我院应用重组人干扰素α-2b阴道泡腾胶囊(辛复宁)配合LEEP治疗CIN,报道如下。     

宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的治疗进展

宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN）是宫颈癌的癌前病变。正确而适度地处理CIN是临床处理的目标。由于薄层液基细胞学技术（TCT）、子宫颈细胞学Bethesda报告系统（TBS）及杂交捕获（HC-2）检测人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）等先进方法的引入,使CIN的诊断水平有很大提高。选择合理的方法治疗CIN既可达到较好的治疗效果,又能在最大限度上保留患者的生育功能。治疗后的定期随访同样至关重要,术后随访基本内容是细胞学检查、阴道镜检查及HPV检测。     

阴道上皮内瘤变28例临床分析

目的: 探讨阴道上皮内瘤变(VAIN)的临床特点、危险因素、诊治及预后。方法: 回顾性分析北京协和医院2005-2011年住院收治VAIN病例28例临床资料。其中VAINⅡ7例,VAINⅢ21例。结果: 患者年龄29～76岁(中位年龄48岁)。绝经21例(75%)。26例(93%)无临床症状。25例(89%)病变位于阴道顶端。27例进行超薄液基细胞学涂片(TCT)检查异常。23例人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测阳性。15例有子宫切除术史,其中因宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)和宫颈癌切除子宫10例。子宫切除术后至诊断VAIN时间：宫颈疾病平均3.1年,非宫颈疾病8.8年。不同级别VAIN在年龄、子宫切除原因、目前及既往合并宫颈疾病、TCT结果差异无统计学意义。28例全部进行手术治疗,3例术后复发。结论: HPV病毒感染、宫颈病变、宫颈病变或宫颈癌行子宫切除术史是VAIN的危险因素;细胞学-阴道镜-组织病理学适用于VAIN的诊断及随诊;宫颈病变切除子宫治疗后应密切随访,尤其是术后3年内应警惕VAIN。　　     

宫颈上皮内瘤变127例临床分析

目的探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)的临床特点及处理原则,为宫颈癌前病变的诊治提供依据。方法回顾性分析2004年1月~2004年12月在江苏省人民医院妇产科宫颈病门诊诊治的127例CIN患者的诊断方法、处理方式及随访结果。结果CIN平均年龄36岁,表现性交后出血占23.6%。11.81%同时患有下生殖道尖锐湿疣。经6~12个月随访48例CINⅢ未有复发。结论宫颈癌前病变的筛查年龄应早于35岁,而筛查时应遵循细胞学-阴道镜-组织学的三阶梯原则。CIN的处理应遵循个体化原则。     

Genital warts and cervical cancer. VII. An improved colposcopic index for differentiating benign papillomaviral infections from high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

A new colposcopic sign (sharpness of peripheral margins) was graded into three objective categories representing subclinical papillomaviral infection, lower grade dysplasia, and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Colposcopic features were prospectively recorded in 72 women and then correlated with histologic findings. Histologic diagnoses were evenly spread within the disease spectrum: 18 patients had subclinical papillomaviral infection without associated dysplasia; 15 had grade 1, 16 had grade 2, and 23 had grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with or without koilocytotic atypia. Differences in the pattern of the peripheral margin were discriminatory throughout the entire diagnostic range. Predictive accuracy of this new colposcopic sign (79%) compared favorably with that of color (72%), vascular atypia (81%), and iodine staining (72%). Each criterion was independent of the other three. Hence, combining these four individual signs into a colposcopic index was 97% correct in forecasting approximate histologic findings. Because formulation of the colposcopic index is based on critical analysis rather than pattern recall, the use of this method will greatly simplify the otherwise arduous task of learning colposcopy.     

宫颈腺上皮内瘤样病变的临床分析

目的　探讨宫颈腺上皮内瘤样病变 (cervicalglandularintraepithelialneoplasia ,CGIN)的临床特点和治疗。方法　回顾性分析 12例CGIN的临床表现、术前宫颈细胞学、宫颈活检和 或宫颈管刮术 (ECC)、治疗方法、术后病理等资料。结果　 12例CGIN均为低度病变 (L -CGIN)。 1992～ 1997年有 3例 (2 5 0 % ) ,1998～2 0 0 3年有 9例 (75 0 % )。 33 3% (4 12 )宫颈脱落细胞学显示腺上皮异常 ,5 0 0 % (6 12 )宫颈多点活检为腺非典型性 ,2 12ECC提示腺异常 ;综合细胞学、活检、ECC等方法 ,术前 6 6 7% (8 12 )可发现腺体异常。 4 1 7%(5 12 )为单纯CGIN ,5 8 3% (7 12 )合并CIN ;术前对于单纯CGIN腺体异常的检出并未较CGIN合并CIN容易(P >0 0 5 )。 6 6 7% (8 12 )行子宫切除术 ,33 3% (4 12 )仅行冷刀锥切术。平均随访 5 0 4个月 ,均无复发或癌变。结论　宫颈细胞学联合阴道镜下宫颈多点活检和 或ECC可提高CGIN的术前诊断率 ;CGIN常合并CIN ;宫颈冷刀锥切术是年轻妇女保留生育功能者的有效治疗方法。     

The management and follow-up of patients with high-grade cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia

Maini M, Lavie O, Comerci G, Cross PA, Bolger B, Lopes A, Monaghan JM. The management and follow-up of patients with high-grade cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1998; 8 : 287–291.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the status of the margins on large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) can predict the presence of residual cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (CGIN) and to assess the efficacy of cervical conization as primary management of CGIN. Between January 1989 and March 1997 fifty patients with a diagnosis of CGIN made by LLETZ were treated in the Department of Gynaecological Oncology at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead. Presence or absence of CGIN at cone margins, results of cervical cytological examinations before and following conization, colposcopic examination, and results of histopathologic assessment of any surgical specimens taken after initial cone biopsy were analyzed in this study. Of the 50 patients with CGIN, managed by conization, in 34 (68%) CGIN was present at the surgical margins and in 16 (32%) the margins were clear. Eleven (32.3%) patients with CGIN at the margins of excision had evidence of residual disease and there was only one of the 16 (6.25%) patients with clear margins ( P = 0.03). Two cases of invasive adenocarcinoma were identified in the group of patients with positive margins. In a mean follow-up time of 32.35 months, no case of invasive carcinoma was identified in the completely excised group. In our retrospective study LLETZ was found to be an adequate primary management for CGIN, and the excision margin status of the LLETZ specimen did appear to be a prognostic factor for residual disease.     

人乳头瘤病毒亚型与宫颈上皮内瘤变的相关性

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)各亚型感染或多亚型感染与宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)的相关性。方法 2007年11月至2008年4月在天津医科大学总医院采用PCR扩增、基因芯片探针杂交分型检测法检测98例CIN患者的HPV亚型。以35岁为界将98例CIN患者分为两组,年龄≤35岁者为A组(43例);年龄>35岁者为B组(55例)。结果 98例CIN中HPV阳性率,CINⅠ为72.41%(21/29),CINⅡ为75%(27/36),CINⅢ为96.97%(32/33)。HPV单重感染率在CINⅠ、CINⅡ和CINⅢ中分别为41.38%(12/29),44.44%(16/36)和57.58%(19/33);HPV双重感染率在CINⅠ、CINⅡ和CINⅢ中分别为27.59%(8/29),19.44%(7/36)和27.27%(9/33);HPV多重感染率在CINⅠ、CINⅡ和CINⅢ中分别为3.45%(1/29),11.11%(4/36)和12.12%(4/33)。CINⅠ中主要为低危型HPV感染,CINⅢ中以HPV16为主导感染亚型。AB两组HPV16感染率分别为20.93%(9/43),40%(22/55),差异具...     

Clinical responses to Cidofovir applied topically to women with high grade vulval intraepithelial neoplasia

OBJECTIVES: Cidofovir is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, with broad spectrum anti-viral activity. It has previously been used in a number of clinical settings, including high grade intraepithelial disease in the cervix and low grade vulval disease. This pilot study was set up to assess whether Cidofovir might be useful in treating high grade vulval intraepithelial neoplasia. METHODS: Women with high grade non-cervical anogenital intraepithelial neoplasia were treated with a topical formulation of 1% Cidofovir in Unguentum Merck. Safety, side effects, clinical response and viral status were assessed. Clinical response was measured using symptoms, clinical (and photographic) appearance, viral status and histology. RESULTS: 12 women with high grade vulval, vaginal or perianal intraepithelial neoplasia were recruited, 10 of whom completed follow up. Diseased tissue underwent ulceration in the majority of cases, with no effect seen on neighbouring normal skin. Four women had complete regression of disease, with resolution of long standing symptoms as well as histological and viral clearance. Three women had a partial response. Two women did not respond, and one woman made a complete symptomatic response but was found to have invasive disease at final biopsy. CONCLUSION: These complete responses, in women with long standing disease, together with preservation of normal tissue, suggest that topical treatment with Cidofovir may have a place in the therapeutic armamentarium of high grade vulval intraepithelial neoplasia.     

291例宫颈病变病理会诊分析

目的 探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变的误诊原因。方法 观察291例外单位诊断为各级宫颈上皮内瘤变的会诊切片并作出诊断。结果 原诊断与会诊诊断一致的有61例（20.96%）,不一致的230例（79.04%）,不少有类宫颈上皮内瘤变样改变的病变如修复性上皮,不成熟鳞状上皮化生,萎缩等常被误诊为各级宫颈上皮内瘤变。结论 诊断宫颈上皮内瘤变时应综合观察上皮细胞的密度和分化,排列极性,核特征以及核分裂活性等改变,避免过诊断或诊断不足。     

Clinical applicability of immunotherapy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Immunotherapy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) has not yet reached clinical applicability, but seems sensible and shows promising preliminary results. One of the most promising forms of immunotherapy for CIN may currently be imiquimod, because of its established role in other human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced genital conditions, its promising treatment efficacy in high-grade CIN, and its off-label availability. Although imiquimod cannot yet replace the current gold standard treatment for CIN [i.e., large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ)] in all patients, it may be considered in subgroups of patients; for example, young women who may wish to become pregnant in the future, or patients with recurrent CIN lesions in whom a second LLETZ is to be avoided. Immunotherapy of CIN could be extended to post-treatment vaccination, in order to prevent new HPV infections and disease recurrence.