伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛疼痛缓解时间分析

目的分析和总结采用双靶点伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛术后疼痛缓解时间规律,为伽玛刀的临床治疗提供参考。方法 2005年1月-2011年1月,共147例原发性三叉神经痛患者于四川大学华西医院接受Leksell C型伽玛刀治疗。使用4 mm准直器在三叉神经根制作2个等中心靶点,中心剂量80～90 Gy,控制脑桥照射剂量<20 Gy。术后定期对患者进行随访,对疼痛缓解时间进行统计分析。结果 130例患者获得随访,随访时间11～64个月,平均28.7个月。术后疼痛完全缓解95例(73.1%),部分缓解29例(22.3%),无效6例(4.6%)。疼痛缓解时间4 h～12个月,平均3.6周,其中疼痛完全缓解患者的疼痛缓解时间明显短于部分缓解患者(P<0.05)。53例(40.8%)患者于术后出现术侧轻度面部麻木。结论患者术后疼痛缓解时间可能是预测伽玛刀治疗效果的重要因素,但疼痛缓解时间个体差异大,应进行长期随访观察。     

原发性三叉神经痛伽玛刀治疗结果的临床分析

目的 :分析伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛的效果。方法 :回顾分析 77例原发性三叉神经痛患者经伽玛刀治疗的结果。采用多因素Logistic回归分析确定照射部位、准直器数目和放射剂量对疼痛缓解效果和并发症的影响。结果 :随访 3～ 47个月 ,平均 2 5 6个月。 77例病人中 ,6 6例有效 ,总有效率为 85 7%。与治疗有关的并发症 13例 ,占 16 9%。多因素Logistic回归分析 ,照射部位、放射剂量对疼痛的缓解和并发症的发生有显著影响。结论 :伽玛刀是治疗原发性三叉神经痛安全有效的方法 ,合适的照射部位和放射剂量是影响治疗效果的关键     

伽玛刀和射波刀治疗三叉神经痛的临床观察

目的:评价伽玛刀及射波刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛病例的治疗效果、起效时间和随访观察,评价立体定向放射外科治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床效果.方法:27例原发性三叉神经痛患者经伽玛刀治疗10例,经射波刀治疗17例.靶点选择在三叉神经根入桥脑段前3.0mm处,依据Bris-man疗效判定标准分析临床治疗效果.结果:伽玛刀组10例平均随访时间7个月,治愈和疗效显著9例,1例无效;射波刀组17例平均随访时间11个月,治愈和疗效显著15例,无效2例.结论:伽玛刀、射波刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛具有可靠疗效.射波刀与伽玛刀相比较,前者无创、无框架、非等中心、非共面、非聚焦照射为其优点,后者精度较高,定位更为准确.靶点选择和精确定位是治疗成功的关键.     

原发性三叉神经痛的再次伽玛刀治疗

目的:分析原发性三叉神经痛患者接受再次伽玛刀治疗的临床疗效、复发及并发症情况。方法:选取自1995年9月至2009年12月,52例首次伽玛刀治疗无效或复发的原发性三叉神经痛患者进行了再次伽玛刀治疗。再次治疗中心剂量为70⁸0 Gy,平均77.2 Gy。再次治疗靶点位置较首次治疗前移,两次治疗容积叠加约50%。本组采用巴罗神经学研究所(Barrow Neurological Institute,BNI)三叉神经痛评分标准对疗效进行了评估。结果:本组随访从治疗后1个月开始,随访平均时间为58个月。本组治疗有效46例,包括BNIⅠ级22例,BNIⅡ级14例,BNIⅢ级10例,总有效率为88.5%(46/52)。5例患者在治疗后680 Gy,平均77.2 Gy。再次治疗靶点位置较首次治疗前移,两次治疗容积叠加约50%。本组采用巴罗神经学研究所(Barrow Neurological Institute,BNI)三叉神经痛评分标准对疗效进行了评估。结果:本组随访从治疗后1个月开始,随访平均时间为58个月。本组治疗有效46例,包括BNIⅠ级22例,BNIⅡ级14例,BNIⅢ级10例,总有效率为88.5%(46/52)。5例患者在治疗后6⁷2个月出现复发,复发率为10.9%(5/46)。本组病例治疗后出现面部麻木者10例、面部感觉异常者2例,并发症发生率为23.1%(12/52)。结论:再次伽玛刀治疗安全有效,可以作为首次治疗无效或复发原发性三叉神经痛患者的可靠治疗方法之一。     

原发性三叉神经痛伽玛刀放射外科治疗的有效性评估

目的:评价伽玛刀放射外科治疗原发性三叉神经痛的安全性、有效性和心理状态。方法:2004年8月~2010年9月,98例经药物和其他方法治疗无效的原发性三叉神经痛患者接受伽玛刀放射外科治疗。放射剂量中位值是80 Gy(75~85 Gy)。采用患者自我报告疼痛的控制、生活满意度指数A(1ife satisfaction index A,LSI-A)的变化进行疗效评估。结果:治疗后89例(90.8%)患者获得随访,平均随访期35个月(13~60个月)。本组病例中治愈51例(57.3%);显效19例(21.3%);有效11例(12.4%);无效8例(9%),总有效率为91%;伽玛刀治疗后LSI-A总分平均值(36.25±3.87)高于治疗前(25.67±3.5);其中67例以往未接受过手术治疗患者中62例获得随访,58例有效,总有效率为93.5%。11例患者感觉患侧面部麻胀感,1例(二次治疗者)张口轻度受限。结论:伽玛刀放射外科治疗三叉神经痛显著缓解疼痛,提高生存质量。     

伽玛刀单靶点治疗原发性顽固性三叉神经痛:73例随访观察

目的:评价伽玛刀单一靶点治疗顽固性三叉神经痛的疗效、安全性,以期为改善三叉神经痛患者的身心健康及生活质量提供干预方向。方法:回顾性分析1995-07/2003-06本院接受伽玛刀治疗的三叉神经痛患者73例,其中男31例,女42例,年龄35～79岁,平均61岁。病程1.5～29年,平均4.5年。所有的病例均设置单一靶点治疗,靶点部位选择在三叉神经入桥脑处,中心剂量70～90Gy,准直器为4mm。结果:伽玛刀治疗后全部患者在24h出院,出院后随访时间6～68个月不等,平均随访时间36.7个月。术后18例显效(24.7%),46例有效(63%),9例无效(12.3%)。症状缓解时间为2周～6个月,平均为3.5个月。治疗后症状复发6例,给予二次治疗,3例症状缓解,3例症状无变化。治疗后出现头痛呕吐反应3例,全部于1周后消失;面部麻木7例,无咀嚼肌运动障碍及角膜发干或溃疡发生。结论:伽吗刀治疗三叉神经痛安全、有效,能显著的缓解患者的疼痛,提高其生活质量。     

伽玛刀单靶点治疗原发性顽固性三叉神经痛：73例随访观察

目的：评价伽玛刀单一靶点治疗顽固性三叉神经痛的疗效、安全性，以期为改善三叉神经痛患者的身心健康及生活质量提供干预方向。方法：回顾性分析1995-07／2003-06本院接受伽玛刀治疗的三叉神经痛患者73例，其中男31例，女42例，年龄35～79岁，平均61岁。病程1．5～29年，平均4．5年。所有的病例均设置单一靶点治疗，靶点部位选择在三叉神经入桥脑处，中心剂量70～90Gy，准直器为4mm。结果：伽玛刀治疗后全部患者在24h出院，出院后随访时间6～68个月不等，平均随访时间36．7个月。术后18例显效(24．7％)，46例有效(63％)，9例无效(12．3％)。症状缓解时间为2周～6个月，平均为3．5个月。治疗后症状复发6例，给予二次治疗，3例症状缓解，3例症状无变化。治疗后出现头痛呕吐反应3例，全部于1周后消失；面部麻木7例，无咀嚼肌运动障碍及角膜发干或溃疡发生。结论：伽吗刀治疗三叉神经痛安全、有效，能显著的缓解患者的疼痛，提高其生活质量。     

伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛疗效观察

目的 探讨伽玛刀治疗原发性三又神经痛的疗效.方法 2003年1月至2008年3月,我院应用伽玛刀治疗原发性三又神经痛120例;治疗靶点为三叉神经根,用4 mm准直器,靶点中心计量为80～90 Gy.疗效评估采用患者自我报告疼痛的控制程度及药物用量的变化.结果 所有患者进行了随访,平均随访期(20.0±4.5)个月.本组病例中治愈69例(57.5%);显效34例(28.3%)、有效12例(10.0%)、无效5例(4.2%);总有效率为95.8%.5例患者疼痛复发后行其他治疗.83例患者(69.2%)曾出现一过性、局限性的面部麻木.14例患者(11.7%)在疼痛缓解后留下持续性的面部麻木;部分患者还伴有味觉减退、口嚼无力等主诉.结论 伽玛刀治疗原发性三又神经痛能够显著缓解疼痛、提高生活质量,不良反应发生率较低:是一种较为理想的治疗方法.     

伽玛刀治疗脑功能性疾病疗效分析

目的分析伽玛刀治疗脑功能性疾病的有效性.方法对111例脑功能性疾病患者采用不同的靶点及剂量实施治疗,统计及分析疗效.结果随访6～40个月,平均26个月,三叉神经痛有效率88.6%,癫痫87.5%,帕金森氏病60%,精神病75%,药物依赖57.1%,丘脑痛例数较少,近期疗效令人满意.结论伽玛刀治疗脑功能性疾病是相对安全、有效的可供选择的方法之一.     

半导体激光穴位照射联合局部封闭治疗原发性三叉神经痛57例

目的探讨半导体激光穴位照射联合局部封闭治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床疗效。方法57例原发性三叉神经痛患者根据不同疼痛部位采用不同穴位接触照射,每一穴位各照射3min,间隔2min;同时用2％利多卡因2．5mL＋25％硫酸镁溶液2．5mL对不同部位局部封闭浸润注射。结果57例患者随访3个月,总有效率为98．2％;随访6个月,总有效率为94．7％;随访1年,总有效率为89．5％;随访2年,总有效率为86．0％。结论半导体激光穴位照射联合局部封闭治疗原发性三叉神经痛,有较好的疗效且可反复多次治疗,尤其对无法进行手术的老年患者采用射频温控热凝治疗更适用。     

伽玛刀对神经根与毗邻血管不同解剖关系的原发性三叉神经痛的治疗疗效分析

目的探讨原发性三叉神经痛患者三叉神经根与毗邻血管的不同解剖关系对伽玛刀治疗疗效的影响。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2009年1月山西医科大学第二医院伽玛刀中心治疗原发性痛患者82例，依据MR定位影像显示三叉神经根与毗邻血管的不同解剖关系（无接触、可疑接触、明确接触、推移），评估对伽玛刀治疗疗效的影响。结果随访6～18个月，平均随访12．5个月，依据BNI疼痛量表评分Ⅲ级以上70例，总有效率85．4％，三叉神经根与血管无接触组有效率89．7％，可疑接触组有效率86．4％，明确接触78．9％，推移组81．8％，复发8例（9．7％）。结论三叉神经根与毗邻血管的不同解剖关系对伽玛刀治疗疗效差别无统计学意义，推移组复发率较其他组高，远期疗效有待进一步评估。     

Repeat trigeminal nerve radiosurgery for refractory cluster headache fails to provide long-term pain relief

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Medically refractory cluster headache (MRCH) is a debilitating condition that has proven resistant to many modalities. Previous reports have indicated that radiosurgery for MRCH provides little long-term pain relief, with moderate/significant morbidity. However, there have been no reports of repeated radiosurgery in this patient population. We present our findings from the first reports of repeat radiosurgery for MRCH. METHODS: Two patients with MRCH underwent repeat gamma knife radiosurgery at our institution. Each fulfilled clinical criteria for treatment, including complete resistance to pharmacotherapy, pain primarily localized to the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, and psychological stability. Both patients previously received gamma knife radiosurgery (75 Gy) for MRCH with no morbidity, but no long-term improvement of pain relief (Patient 1 = 5 months, Patient 2 = 10 months) after treatment. For repeat radiosurgery, each patient received 75 Gy to the 100% isodose line delivered to the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve, and was evaluated postretreatment. Pain relief was defined as: excellent (free of MRCH with minimal/no medications), good (50% reduction of MRCH severity/frequency with medications), fair (25% reduction), or poor (less than 25% reduction). RESULTS: Following repeat radiosurgery, long-term pain relief was poor in both patients. Neither patient sustained any immediate morbidity following radiosurgery. Patient 2 experienced right facial numbness 4 months postretreatment, while Patient 1 experienced no morbidity. CONCLUSION: Repeat radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve fails to provide long-term pain relief for MRCH. Given the reported failures of initial and repeat radiosurgery for MRCH, trigeminal nerve radiosurgery should not be offered for MRCH.     

三叉神经痛伽玛刀治疗前MRI扫描序列研究

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛MRI定位的最佳扫描序列。方法选择2004年7月-2006年3月行伽玛刀手术的原发性三叉神经痛患者60例,随机分为3组,每组各20例。伽玛刀术前上头架定位,然后对3组分别采用快速自旋回波序列（Turbo Spin Echo,TSE）、增强三维小角度激发快速梯度回波序列（enhanced three-dimensiunal fast low angle shot,enhanced3D-FLASH）、三维结构干涉稳态序列（three-dimensional constructive interferencein steady state,3D-CISS）进行扫描,观察三叉神经及周围血管的显示情况。结果①TSE扫描20例三叉神经,14例显示优,血管显示一般。②增强3D-FLASH扫描三叉神经,18例显示优,2例显示良,周围血管显示优。③3D-CISS扫描三叉神经,20例均显示优,周围血管显示良。结论 3D-CISS和增强3D-FLASH序列的融合影像能够清晰地显示三叉神经根及周围血管,有利于伽玛刀的精确定位,具有较高的临床应用价值,可以作为伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛的常规定位方法。     

三叉神经岩骨嵴压迹的研究及临床应用

目的对原发性三叉神经痛患者做薄层CT及MRI扫描,观察三叉神经的跨越岩骨嵴处的解剖学特点找到原发性三叉神经痛可靠的CT定位的放疗靶点。方法我们对95例原发性三叉神经痛病人采用17~29 Gy的剂量进行X刀放疗,应用50例患者进行薄`层CT研究,扫描层厚为1.25 mm及0.625 mm,同时进行1.25 mm层厚MRI扫描,并进行CT和MRI图象融合研究。结果结果发现在1.25 mm层厚压迹发现率94%,0.625 mm压迹发现率100%,CT和MRI图象融合发现MRI图象显示的三叉神经穿越岩骨嵴形成的凹陷完全一致,准确率100%。放疗效果有效率为85.26%。结论三叉神经跨越岩骨嵴处存在压迹,这一骨性标志是原发性三叉神经痛放疗的可靠标志点。      

Gamma Knife Treatment of Refractory Cluster Headache

Four men and two women were treated for refractory cluster headache by gamma knife radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve root entry zone. The maximum dose of radiation was 70 Gy to the isocenter. Of five patients treated who had refractory chronic cluster headache and one with refractory episodic cluster headache, four had relief judged excellent. Of the two remaining patients with refractory chronic cluster headache, one had relief judged good and the other fair. Five of the six patients treated had relief within a few days to a week following gamma knife radiosurgery. Three with chronic cluster headache had remissions allowing cessation of all preventive and abortive medication. Although one patient experienced complete relief of chronic cluster headache, he continued to have migraine requiring medication. None of the patients treated developed significant postradiation side effects during a follow-up period of 8 to 14 months. The authors conclude that gamma knife radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve affords great promise in the management of chronic and refractory cluster headache. The technique seemingly carries negligible short- and long- term risk.     

治疗原发性三叉神经痛3种方法的疗效比较研究

目的：研究比较治疗原发性三叉神经痛 3 种不同方法的临床疗效。方法：回顾性纳入144例原发性三叉神经痛患者,分为A、B、C三组,每组48例：A组行伽玛刀放射外科治疗,B组行针灸治疗,C组行伽玛刀联合针灸治疗。治疗后观察1周～3年,研究对比三组患者的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、即时显效率、不良反应发生率、复发率以及治疗总有效率,并评价临床疗效。结果：治疗前三组患者的VAS评分差异无统计学意义。治疗后3年,VAS评分比较：C组＜A组＜B组;即时显效率比较：A组＜B组＜C组;不良反应发生率比较：B组＜C组＜A组,复发率比较：C组＜A组＜B组;治疗总有效率比较：B组＜A组＜C组。结论：伽玛刀联合针灸治疗原发性三叉神经痛可显著提高疗效,能明显降低疼痛程度,提高患者生活质量。     

Place de la chirurgie dans la névralgie du trijumeau

Trigeminal neuralgia is a potentially disturbing disease and may be resistant to classical medications such as anti-epileptic drugs. The first step is to check out the clear assessment of an essential trigeminal neuralgia so as to rule out specific etiologies of the trigeminal pain. There are mainly three kinds of surgical strategies: microsurgical neurovascular decompression, percutaneous gasserian lesioning and radiosurgery with Gamma knife. Microsurgical neurovascular decompression is an open surgery and the goal is to take away a vessel (mainly an artery) from the trigeminal nerve as it has been assumed that this conflit was the pathophysiological reason for the ??epileptic-like?? pain. This surgery has been around for at least 40 years. The results are very good, with 90% of the patients being satisfied and relieved from pain. Moreover, the results are long lasting with a 70% rate of satisfaction for the longest follow-up published. The morbidity is low even for elderly people in good health condition. There are several percutaneous techniques. The principle is doing a lesion on the retrogasserian part of the nerve, either by radiofrequency (thermic lesion), or by compression with a balloon (compressive lesion). The results are also good, with 90% of the patients being immediately relieved from pain, but there is a higher risk of recurrence and some potential morbidity (trigeminal numbness or trigeminal dysfunction mainly with radiofrequency lesion). The Gamma knife procedure is a radiosurgical procedure using cobalt radiation, in one shot, at a 80 Gy dosage, with a single 4 mm isocenter located at the entry zone. There is a delay in getting relief from pain. The results are good, with 80% of the patients being relieved. Somehow, there is a tendency of pain recurrence at mid-term follow-up and a 50% rate of patients being satisfied at a 5 year follow-up. The respective indications of each technique depend on the patient, the surgeon and their experience and the avaibility of the techniques. Altogether, it has been assumed that microvascular decompression is the first option for patients with neuralgia resistant to anti-convulsivant medications. Patient in poor medical conditions, or with MS lesion or refusing surgery, can be relieved by radiosurgery or percutaneous techniques.