异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植的临床应用

目的:探讨异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面及其愈合后皮肤的外形和功能。方法:应用异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片组成复合皮移植,以自体刃厚皮片移植作为对照,采用一步移植法治疗切痂后大面积深度烧伤创面及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损共56例患者60处创面,观察术后皮片的成活情况、外形及功能恢复情况并随访。结果:60处创面全部愈合,移植皮片生长良好,瘢痕增生不明显,未见明显挛缩,皮肤弹性较好。在6～12个月的观察期内,自体刃厚皮片与异体脱细胞真皮基质复合移植后,功能和形态优于单纯自体刃厚皮片移植;随访2年复合移植未发现明显的排异反应。结论:异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面愈合良好,无瘢痕增生,皮肤外观功能满意,无排异反应。     

异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植的临床应用

目的:探讨异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面及其愈合后皮肤的外形和功能。方法:应用异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片组成复合皮移植,以自体刃厚皮片移植作为对照,采用一步移植法治疗切痂后大面积深度烧伤创面及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损共56例患者60处创面,观察术后皮片的成活情况、外形及功能恢复情况并随访。结果:60处创面全部愈合,移植皮片生长良好,瘢痕增生不明显,未见明显挛缩,皮肤弹性较好。在6～12个月的观察期内,自体刃厚皮片与异体脱细胞真皮基质复合移植后,功能和形态优于单纯自体刃厚皮片移植;随访2年复合移植未发现明显的排异反应。结论:异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮片复合移植修复大面积深度烧伤及瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损创面愈合良好,无瘢痕增生,皮肤外观功能满意,无排异反应。     

无细胞真皮基质与自体皮复合移植愈合过程的观察

目的 :为改善植皮区外观和功能 ,并同时减轻供皮区瘢痕增生。方法 :应用自制的无细胞真皮基质与薄的刃厚自体皮复合移植应用于 2例切削痂后的烧伤创面。结果 :未发现对复合移植物的排异反应。创面愈合后 ,大体观察发现移植网状自体皮的网状形式已变得不明显 ,自体小皮片的轮廓基本消失 ,均反应了愈合过程的特殊性。光镜和电镜观察发现复合移植区基底膜清晰、连续且完整等。与对照部位相比 ,复合移植区瘢痕增生减轻 ,未见明显挛缩 ,皮肤弹性较好。结论 :至少到目前为止的观察期 (3～ 4个月 )内 ,较薄的刃厚自体皮与无细胞真皮基质复合移植后外观和功能等同或优于单纯刃厚自体皮移植     

无细胞真皮基质与自体皮复合移植愈合过程的观察

目的:为改善植皮区外观和功能,并同时减轻供皮区瘢痕增生.方法:应用自制的无细胞真皮基质与薄的刃厚自体皮复合移植应用于2例切削痂后的烧伤创面.结果:未发现对复合移植物的排异反应.创面愈合后,大体观察发现移植网状自体皮的网状形式已变得不明显,自体小皮片的轮廓基本消失,均反应了愈合过程的特殊性.光镜和电镜观察发现复合移植区基底膜清晰、连续且完整等.与对照部位相比,复合移植区瘢痕增生减轻,未见明显挛缩,皮肤弹性较好.结论:至少到目前为止的观察期(3～4个月)内,较薄的刃厚自体皮与无细胞真皮基质复合移植后外观和功能等同或优于单纯刃厚自体皮移植.     

自体网状皮片与异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质复合移植的临床应用

目的：探讨1：3自体网状皮片与异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质复合移植的可行性。方法：选择9例烧伤及瘢痕患者，在Ⅲ度烧伤创面行切痂术或瘢痕切除术后的创面上移植异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质，摊平固定后，在支架上再植1：3网状自体刃厚皮片，表面再覆盖辐照猪皮。结果：9例复合移植皮肤全部成活，临床效果满意。结论：1：3自体网状刃厚片可以与异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质复合移植，同时将自体皮扩增3倍，成活后的复合网状皮片有相当于中厚皮片或者全厚皮片移植的效果。     

无细胞真皮基质与自体皮复合移植愈合过程的观察

目的：为改善植皮区外观和功能，并同时减轻供皮区瘢痕增生。方法：应用自制的无细胞真皮基质与薄的刃厚自体皮复合移植应用于２例切削痂后的烧伤创面。结果未发现对复合移植物的排异反应。创面愈合后，大体观察发现移植网状自体皮的网状形式已变得不明显，自体小皮片的轮廓基本消失，均反应了愈合过程的特殊性。光镜和电镜观察发现复合移植区基底清晰，连续且完整等。与对照部位相比，复合移植区瘢痕增生减轻，未见明显挛缩，皮肤弹     

脱细胞真皮基质在整形美容外科中的应用

目的 为改善皮肤移植的形态和功能，提高大面积烧伤缺乏自体供皮来源患者的美容整形治疗效果。方法 应用自制脱细胞真皮基质(ADM)，植入松解或切除瘢痕后的创面，5～10d后再行自体刃厚皮移植，术后观察ADM和创面愈合、瘢痕增生及功能恢复情况。3例再次手术患者留取复合移植组织进行组织学检测。结果 15例23次复合皮移植：14例22次成活率为100％，1例1次成活率为80％，植皮区平整光滑，瘢痕增生不明显，组织学检测提示复合皮血管化明显，胶原排列整齐，表皮-真皮连接结构重建充分，未见排异反应。结论 ADM与自体刃厚皮复合移植能改善创面愈合的质量，是较理想的整形美容修复材料。     

脱细胞异体真皮基质支架网加自体刃厚皮对32例切削痂创面应用体会

目的探讨解决大面积深度烧伤创面修复时自体全厚皮皮源不足,及中厚皮术后有较重回缩,供皮区再次遗留瘢痕等临床问题。方法对32例大中面积深度烧伤患者和肉芽创面患者采用切痂,削痂及肉芽创面以手术刀切除肉芽组织和纤维板后,做脱细胞异体真皮支架网加自体刃厚皮联合移植。结果切痂创面15例,术后皮片全部愈合。削痂创面6例,其中1例术后第5天溶解,余5例全部愈合。烧伤肉芽创面11例,皮片成活良好全部愈合。经术后1~6年随访,患者受皮区外观平整。色泽较深,柔软,弹性好,无瘢痕增生。供皮区愈合良好,未见瘢痕增生。结论脱细胞异体真皮基质支架网加自体刃厚皮对烧伤创面起到全厚皮作用,减少创面收缩,还能抑制肉芽组织过度增生和瘢痕形成,是一种较为理想的真皮替代物。     

脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片复合移植的临床及组织学观察

目的 观察异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片复合移植修复创面的中、长期临床效果,并做组织学观察.方法 选取23例接受异体脱细胞真皮基质加自体刃厚皮片复合移植的患者,于术后3、6、12、18个月进行临床随访,并作组织学观察.结果 移植后3、6、12、18个月,复合皮表面平滑,无明显瘢痕增生及色素沉着现象,柔软有弹性,关节部位活动自如.组织学观察接近正常皮肤形态.结论 异体脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮片复合移植后愈合创面表面光滑,平整柔软,无明显挛缩,关节活动自如,未见明显排汗现象,可作为修复创面的良好选择.     

异体脱细胞真皮基质在烧伤后遗畸形中的应用

目的:探索一种治疗烧伤后遗畸形的方法。方法:针对各关节烧伤后遗瘢痕松解切除后创面,采用异体脱细胞真皮基质与刃厚皮形成复合皮片移植一步法修复。2002~2005年共对31例患者进行手术治疗,术后随访半年至2年。结果:移植皮片颜色与周围正常皮肤颜色接近,皮片柔软,瘢痕增生不明显,关节功能较术前显著改善。结论:异体脱细胞真皮基质与刃厚皮形成复合皮片移植是一种较理想的治疗烧伤后遗瘢痕方法,值得推广应用。     

Acellular allograft dermal matrix: immediate or delayed epidermal coverage?

In a prospective, randomized study seventeen patients received skin grafts to a freshly excised burn wound. One group was grafted with a deantigenized dermal matrix and immediately overgrafted with thin autograft. The second group was grafted with dermal matrix, which was then covered with bank allograft for protection, and autografted 1 week later. Each group also received a standard split thickness control graft. Assessment was carried out for up to 1 year. There were no statistically significant differences of graft take between any of the groups, or in the Vancouver scar score at follow-up. Thin donor sites used for dermal matrix coverage healed faster than standard control graft sites, P<0.001. Immediate grafting of acellular dermal matrix with thin autograft works well and leads to an acceptable late result, with faster donor site healing than standard split thickness grafts.     

异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质移植后炎症免疫反应的实验研究

目的：研究异种（猪）脱细腻真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植后炎症反应的变化规律及对Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响。方法：将异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植于大鼠，分别于移植后1，2，3，4，8，12，16周取标本，采用组织学观察及RT-PCR技术动态检测异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质复合移植后炎症反应及Th1/Th2细胞因子的变化，同时以单纯薄自体皮移植作对照。结果：异种（猪）脱细胞真皮与薄自体皮复合移植后早期存在炎症反应，并随着创面愈合的进行而逐渐消失，Th2细胞因子的表达明显高于对照组。结论：异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质仍具有一定的免疫原性，Th2细胞因子的高表达说明机体对异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质的免疫反应主要以体液免疫为主，也可能是异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质移植后未被排斥的原因之一。     

Promising therapy for congenital giant pigmented nevi using acellular autograft nevi-dermal matrix.

As promising new therapy for congenital giant pigmented nevi, the authors investigated the potential use of an acellular autograft nevi-dermal matrix in combination with a split-thickness skin graft. To address whether the processed acellular nevi-dermal matrix from frozen skin could be reconstituted as a viable dermal base, the authors grafted it onto full-thickness skin defects in nude rats. Fibroblast infiltration and neovascularization into the acellular nevi-dermal matrix were observed. However, because the disappearance of the residual melanotic granules of the grafted dermis took 16 weeks, the authors excised with scissors the superficial layer of the acellular nevi-dermal matrix containing a large quantity of melanin. The appearance after using this method was relatively superior even compared with the full-thickness skin graft. The success of their experimental animal model using the acellular nevi-dermal matrix covered with split-thickness skin grafts confirms the potential value for the clinical application of this treatment for congenital giant nevi.     

复合皮混合移植治疗深Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面疗效观察

目的观察深Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面削痂术后应用复合皮混合移植治疗的效果。方法对23例烧伤患者的30个深Ⅱ度烧伤肢体在伤后3d内分次行削痂术,削至浅筋膜后移植大张异体脱细胞真皮基质,然后切取大张自体刃厚皮(0.10～0.25mm)覆盖于其上。术后10—12d计算移植皮片的存活率,记录创面愈合时间。观察随访3—6个月时患者的肢体外观及功能恢复情况。取1例患者随访3个月时的愈合创面皮肤标本,行病理学观察。结果本组患者复合皮片成活率为93%,7%的皮片因术中固定较差,移植后自体刃厚皮与异体脱细胞真皮基质分离致皮片坏死,或因感染致皮片溶解。随访3—6个月,移植部位皮肤外观、弹性及功能恢复良好。病理学观察显示,成活皮片表皮、真皮结构正常。结论烧伤后早期削痂立即移植复合皮是治疗深Ⅱ度创面的有效方法。     

复合皮移植的实验研究与临床应用

目的寻求一种较理想的真皮替代物,用以修复全厚皮肤缺损创面。方法(1)将异体／异种脱细胞真皮基质(allo／xeno-ADM) 自体刃厚皮组成复合皮(CS),以自体刃厚皮作对照,采用一步移植法进行实验研究和临床研究。移植术后应用生物化学及免疫学方法观察移植物抗原性的改变、表皮一真皮连接区(DEJ)基底膜带结构的再形成情况。(2)在此基础上,应用前述CS移植技术治疗53例全厚皮缺损或瘢痕切除患者,观察术后皮片成活情况并作随访。结果CS一步法移植后的成活情况良好。(1)移植后28周可见DEJ基底膜带重新形成,基底膜细胞呈极性生长并呈波浪形排列,真皮乳头与皮钉再生。allo-ADM的抗原性明显低于xeno-ADM,仅在术后早期有少数炎性细胞浸润,未见明显的免疫排斥反应。(2)移植于53例患者的70块CS中,65块完全存活占92．9％,2块因更换敷料不当部分存活,3块因创面感染移植失败。患者最长随访时间为8．5年,所移植的CS质地和色泽接近正常皮肤。结论allo／xeno-ADM的抗原性很低,移植后能发挥长期的真皮支架或诱导组织再生的真皮“模板”作用。     

Preparation of laser micropore porcine acellular dermal matrix for skin graft: an experimental study

In our previous study, we used composite grafts consisting of meshed porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) and thin split-thickness autologous epidermis to cover full thickness burn wounds in clinical practice. However, a certain degree of contraction might occur because the distribution of dermal matrix was not uniform in burn wound. In this study, we prepare a composite skin graft consisting of PADM with the aid of laser to improve the quality of healing of burn wound. METHODS: PADM was prepared by the trypsin/Triton X-100 method. Micropores were produced on the PADM with a laser punch. The distance between micropores varied from 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 to 1.5mm. Full thickness defect wounds were created on the back of 144 SD rats. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: micropore groups I-IV in which the wound were grafted with PADM with micropores, in four different distances, respectively and split-thickness autograft; mesh group rats received meshed PADM graft and split-thickness autograft; control group received simple split-thickness autografting. The status of wound healing was histologically observed at regular time points after surgery. The wound healing rate and contraction rate were calculated. RESULTS: The wound healing rate in micropore groups I and II was not statistically different from that in control group, but was significantly higher than that in mesh group 6 weeks after grafting. The wound healing rate in micropore groups III and IV was lower than that in mesh and control groups 4 and 6 weeks after grafting. The wound contraction rate in micropore groups I and II was remarkably lower than that in control group 4 and 6 weeks after surgery and it was significantly much lower than that in mesh group 6 weeks after surgery. Histological examination revealed good epithelization, regularly arranged collagenous fibers and integral structure of basement membrane. CONCLUSION: Laser micropore PADM (0.8 or 1.0mm in distance) grafting in combination with split-thickness autografting can improve wound healing. The PADM with laser micropores in 1.0mm distance is the better choice.