中性粒细胞比值和C-反应蛋白预测急性胰腺炎严重程度的意义

目的：探讨中性粒细胞比值与C-反应蛋白预测急性胰腺炎严重程度的意义。方法采集80例急性胰腺炎患者的外周血液标本,分为轻症型急性胰腺炎组和重症急性胰腺炎组。分别检测各组患者中性粒细胞比值和C-反应蛋白水平。评估中性粒细胞比值和C-反应蛋白与急性胰腺炎严重程度之间的关系。结果轻症型急性胰腺炎组和重症急性胰腺炎组患者中性粒细胞比值和C-反应蛋白水平比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结果分析对比60例急性胰腺炎患者中性粒细胞比值和C-反应蛋白的受试者血清标本,C-反应蛋白较中性粒细胞比值在预测急性胰腺炎严重程度的诊断中具有更大的价值。结论 C-反应蛋白在预测急性胰腺炎的严重程度中优于中性粒细胞比值。     

支原体IgM抗体阳性肺炎患者中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值及CRP的临床意义

目的 探讨外周血血清中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值（NLR）和C反应蛋白（CRP）在IgM抗体阳性支原体肺炎患者中的变化及临床意义。方法 选取2016年1月~2018年5月我院确诊的支原体IgM抗体阳性肺炎患者110例为观察组,同期40例健康体检者为对照组。根据社区获得性肺炎CURB-65评分标准,将观察组患者分为危重组50例,非危重组60例。患者入院后24 h内抽取肘静脉血送检,对比三组患者的中性粒细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞绝对值、NLR和CRP,分析NLR与CRP的相关性。结果 危重组中性粒细胞绝对值、NLR、CRP均高于非危重组和对照组,而危重组淋巴细胞绝对值低于非危重组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。危重组和非危重组中,NLR与CRP均呈正相关（r=0.856,0.956）。结论 外周血NLR、CRP对评估支原体IgM抗体阳性肺炎的严重程度有一定指导意义,因NLR通过血常规结果计算,具有高效、经济等特点,具有较好的临床前景。     

单核淋巴细胞比值和红细胞分布宽度在儿童社区获得性肺炎中的临床价值

目的:探讨单核淋巴细胞比值(MLR)和红细胞分布宽度(RDW)在儿童社区获得性肺炎(CAP)中的临床价值。方法:纳入2018年我院呼吸内科收治的105例CAP患儿作为疾病组,根据疾病严重程度将其分为轻度肺炎组(n=92)和重度肺炎组(n=13),并选同期118例健康儿童作为对照组,回顾性分析两组外周血白细胞总数(WBC)、中性粒细胞绝对值(Neu)、淋巴细胞绝对值(Lym)、单核细胞绝对值(Mon)、血小板计数(PLT)、中性淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、MLR、血小板淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、RDW和血小板分布宽度(PDW)。采用非参数检验比较疾病组与对照组、轻度肺炎组与重度肺炎组间各指标差异,使用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价有关指标对CAP的诊断价值。结果:疾病组WBC、Neu、Mon、NLR、MLR和RDW水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度肺炎组RDW水平显著高于轻度肺炎组(P<0.05)。ROC分析结果显示MLR曲线下面积为0.864(95%置信区间:0.808-0.921),优于其它指标;最优临界值为0.14,灵敏度为81.00%,特异度为84.70%。结论:CAP患儿外周血MLR升高,对儿童CAP有一定的辅助诊断价值;RDW可作为评估CAP严重程度的参考指标。     

血清PCT和CRP对社区获得性肺炎的诊断价值

目的:探讨血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)和C-反应蛋白(CRP)在社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的诊断价值.方法:选择2009年9月～12月住院的CAP患者56例,健康对照组30例,所有对象均抽取静脉血,离心后留取血清置-20℃,采用免疫化学发光法测降钙素原,免疫散射比浊法测CRP.结果:56例CAP患者...     

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值对血流感染的诊断价值

目的探讨5项感染标志物对血流感染的诊断价值。方法随机选取望京医院血培养阳性的血流感染患者110例为研究组,血培养阴性的细菌感染患者30例为对照组。在血培养的同1天抽取静脉血,检测全血细胞计数和C反应蛋白(CRP)。比较两组白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞(NEU)、淋巴细胞(LYM)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLCR)和CRP的差异。结果血流感染组WBC、NEU、NLCR、CRP均显著高于对照组(P0.05),而LYM显著低于对照组(P0.05)。5项感染标志物中,NLCR和LYM诊断血流感染的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(ROC-AUC)分别为0.808和0.756。当NLCR取临界值为9.33时,敏感性为63.6%,特异性为93.3%;LYM小于等于0.97为临界值时,敏感性为58.2%,特异性为86.7%。进一步,在血培养阳性患者中,革兰氏阴性菌所致的血流感染组的NLCR高于革兰氏阳性菌血流感染组,NLCR在区分血流感染的类型中具有重要的临床意义。结论 NLCR优于其他常规感染指标,有助于血流感染的诊断。     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值诊断尿路感染及尿源性脓毒症价值的研究

目的:探究中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR)在早期诊断尿路感染及尿源性脓毒症中的价值.方法:收集尿源性脓毒症组病例21例(脓毒症休克亚组12例、单纯脓毒症亚组9例)、上尿路感染组病例36例及健康体检者50例为对照组.对比三组白细胞计数(White blood cell count,WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(Neutrophil count,NEUT)、淋巴细胞计数(Lymphocyte count,LYM)、NLR以及C反应蛋白(C-Reactive Protein,CRP)等指标,并应用ROC(Receiver operating characteristics curve)曲线来评估WBC、NEUT、LYM、NLR对尿路感染及尿源性脓毒症的诊断作用.结果:与对照组相比,其他两组WBC、NEUT、NLR等均明显升高而LYM明显下降(P均<0.05);尿源性脓毒症组NLR较上尿路感染组明显升高,而LYM明显下降(P<0.05);脓毒症休克亚组NLR较单纯脓毒症亚组亦明显升高,而LYM明显下降(P<0.05).WBC、NEUT、LYM和NLR对尿路感染具有诊断提升作用,NLR对尿源性脓毒症具有诊断提示作用(P<0.05).结论:NLR对尿路感染的诊断价值优于WBC和NEUT,并对尿源性脓毒症的诊断也具提示作用.     

红细胞分布宽度和中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值对类风湿性关节炎诊断价值的评价

目的 探讨红细胞分布宽度(RDW-SD)和中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值(NLR)在类风湿关节炎(RA)诊断中的价值.方法 选取104例RA患者、104例其他风湿性疾病患者(骨关节炎25例,系统性结缔组织病69例,强直性脊柱炎10例)和99例健康体检者,比较各组血沉、超敏C反应蛋白、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体、免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白A、补体C3、补体C4,红细胞分布宽度,计数中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞数量、中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值的差异,Spearman相关分析及多元逐步回归分析RDW-SD、NLR与其他指标的关系,ROC曲线比较各指标的诊断性能.结果 RA患者和其他风湿性疾病患者RDW-SD、NLR均高于健康对照组(P＜0.05);RA患者RDW-SD与CCP、C4相关,标准化回归系数分别为0.267(P＜0.05)、-0.189(P ＜0.05),NLR与CRP独立相关,标准化回归系数分别为0.616(P ＜0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体是诊断RA最佳指标,AUC为0.832(P ＜0.05).结论 RDW-SD和NLR可以作为一个炎症反应指标,在RA诊断及疾病观察中有一定的价值.     

PCT、CRP和IL-6联合检测在老年社区获得性肺炎中的临床价值

目的 探讨血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)及白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)联合检测对社区获得性肺炎(community-acquired pneumonia,CAP)患者诊断及预后评估中的价值.方法 选取2019年2月至2...     

Utility of C-reactive protein in assessing the disease severity and complications of community-acquired pneumonia

Previous studies on the usefulness of C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have yielded somewhat inconsistent results. Our aim was to assess the value of CRP in estimating the severity and complications of CAP. CRP levels during the first 5 days of hospitalization were measured in 384 adult patients with CAP, and the data were evaluated using comprehensive statistical analyses. Significantly higher CRP levels on admission were detected in Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) classes III–V than in classes I and II (p <0.001). An increment of 50 mg/L CRP on admission was associated with a 1.22-fold odds for a patient to be in PSI classes III–V as compared with classes I and II (OR 1.22, 95% CI  1.11–1.34; p <0.001). CRP levels were significantly higher in bacteraemic pneumonia than in non-bacteraemic pneumonia (p <0.001). An increment of 50 mg/L CRP was associated with a 1.67-fold odds for a patient to be bacteraemic (OR 1.67, 95% CI  1.46–1.92; p <0.001). CRP levels >100 mg/L on day 4 after the admission were significantly associated with complications (p <0.01). There was a trend for an association between the level of CRP on admission and the time to reach clinical stability (p <0.01). In conclusion, CRP may be valuable for revealing the development of complications in CAP. It may also be useful to assess the disease severity, thus being complementary to the assessment of the PSI. In our patients, high CRP levels were associated with a failure to reach clinical stability.     

The effect of age on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increasing age has been associated with elevated circulating levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. We aimed to determine the impact of ageing on the systemic inflammatory response to CAP. In total 201 CAP patients were enrolled. Blood samples were obtained upon presentation, and on days 2, 3 and 5. For the current analysis patients ≤50 and ≥80 years were included. The Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) score was calculated at presentation. The study encompassed 46 CAP patients aged ≤50 years (median 37 years) and 41 CAP patients aged ≥80 years (median 84 years). In both groups Streptococcus pneumoniae was the common causative microorganism. Whereas most young patients had a PSI score of I (54%), 98% of elderly patients had a PSI score ≥III (p <0.001). Four elderly patients died vs. none of the young patients (p 0.045). Older patients demonstrated lower serum C-reactive protein levels on admission and during the course of their hospitalization (p 0.001) in spite of more severe disease. Serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-1 receptor antagonist) did not differ between age groups, although admission IL-8 levels tended to be higher in elderly patients (p 0.05). Cytokine levels were positively correlated with PSI in young but not in elderly patients. These results suggest that elderly patients show an absolute (C-reactive protein) or relative (cytokines) reduction in their systemic inflammatory response on admission for CAP.     

中性粒细胞—淋巴细胞比预测早期胃癌淋巴结转移的临床价值

目的分析中性粒细胞—淋巴细胞比(NLR)预测早期胃癌(EGC)淋巴结转移的临床价值,以期为EGC治疗方案的制订提供参考。方法回顾性分析在我院行胃癌根治术并经术后病理确诊为EGC的134例患者的临床资料,根据淋巴结是否转移分为阳性组和阴性组。收集EGC患者术前1周血液学指标并计算血小板—淋巴细胞比(PLR)和NLR;收集患者基本信息及术后病理信息,行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析;通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析NLR预测EGC伴淋巴结转移阳性的诊断价值;分析术前NLR与患者一般资料及临床病理之间的相关性;Pearson相关性检验分析NLR与肿瘤大小的相关性;Kaplan-Meier(K-M)曲线及Log-rankχ2检验比较高NLR组和低NLR组患者术后生存状况。结果单因素分析结果显示,浸润深度、分化程度、肿瘤大小、PLR、NLR与淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,肿瘤大小≥2cm、浸润深度为黏膜下层、分化程度为低分化、NLR≥1.965是淋巴结转移的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。根据ROC曲线,NLR截断值为2.295,术前NLR预测淋巴结转移的灵敏性和特异性分别为82.6%和77.5%。根据截断值将所有患者分为低NLR组(NLR<2.295)90例和高NLR组(NLR≥2.295)44例,2组患者一般资料及临床病理相关因素分析结果显示,术前NLR与年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤大体类型显著相关(P<0.05)。术前NLR与肿瘤大小呈正相关(r=0.645,P<0.001)。术前高NLR组患者术后5年生存率明显低于低NLR组患者(P<0.05)。结论术前NLR对EGC患者发生淋巴结转移具有较高的预测价值,且对EGC患者预后的评估具有一定的临床参考价值。     

Transthoracic fine-needle aspiration in the aetiological diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia

To investigate the safety and practicability of conducting transthoracic fine-needle aspiration (TFNA) in a general hospital setting, we applied the TFNA procedure to 20 patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) within 36 h of admission. Also, a preliminary assessment was made of the potential value of adding TFNA to conventional methods of diagnostic microbiology. TFNA was easy to perform and caused little discomfort, and no serious adverse events were observed. In spite of ongoing antimicrobial treatment, a likely aetiological diagnosis was established for 14 of 20 (70%) of the patients. TFNA may provide important additional information on the aetiology of CAP.     

喹诺酮类药物治疗社区获得性肺炎疗效观察与安全性评价

目的探讨3种喹诺酮类药物治疗社区获得性肺炎的疗效和安全性,为临床治疗性用药提供科学依据。方法采用随机、开放对照的研究方法,选取120例社区获得性肺炎患者,随机分为莫西沙星组、左氧氟沙星组和环丙沙星组3组,每组各40例,治疗7d后比较3组临床与细菌学疗效和安全性。结果莫西沙星组总有效率为93%,细菌清除率为88.9%,不良反应的发生率为7.5%;左氧氟沙星总有效率为88%,细菌清除率为76.5%,不良反应的发生率为73.3%;环丙沙星总有效率为88%,细菌清除率为73.3%,不良反应的发生率为7.5%。3组总有效率和不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义,细菌清除率莫西沙星组要高于左氧氟沙星组和环丙沙星组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论经验性莫西沙星、左氧氟沙星与环丙沙星治疗社区获得性肺炎的总的临床疗效和安全性基本一致,但莫西沙星具有更强的细菌清除率。     

C-reactive protein as a marker of infection in critically ill patients

A prospective, observational study was conducted in a medico-surgical intensive care unit to assess the value of C-reactive protein (CRP), temperature and white cell count (WCC) measurements for the diagnosis of infection in critically ill patients. CRP, temperature and WCC were monitored daily in 76 infected and 36 non-infected patients. Multiple receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to compare each parameter for infection diagnosis. The area under the curve (AUC) of CRP was significantly higher than that of temperature (0.93 and 0.75, respectively; p < 0.001). A CRP concentration of >8.7 mg/dL and a temperature of >38.2 degrees C were associated with infection, with a sensitivity of 93.4% and 54.8%, and a specificity of 86.1% and 88.9%, respectively. The ROC curve of WCC showed a poor diagnostic performance. The combination of CRP and temperature increased the specificity for infection diagnosis to 100%. In the subgroup of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (n = 48), CRP measurements were more reliable than temperature (AUC 0.92 and 0.78, respectively; p 0.006). The CRP levels in infected patients with sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock were 15.2 +/- 8.2, 20.3 +/- 10.9 and 23.3 +/- 8.7 mg/dL, respectively (p 0.044). It was concluded that CRP was a better marker of infection than temperature. However, the combination of CRP and temperature measurements further increased the specificity for infection diagnosis, even in the subgroup of patients with VAP.     

Once-daily oral gatifloxacin vs. three-times-daily co-amoxiclav in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia

A double-blind, double-dummy, multicentre, multinational, parallel-group study was designed to establish proof of equivalence between oral gatifloxacin and oral co-amoxiclav in the treatment of 462 patients with mild-to-moderate community-acquired pneumonia. Eligible patients were randomised equally to either gatifloxacin 400 mg once-daily plus matching placebo for 5-10 days, or amoxycillin 500 mg + clavulanic acid 125 mg three-times-daily for 5-10 days. The primary efficacy endpoint was clinical response (clinical cure plus improvement) at the end of treatment. Overall, a successful clinical response was achieved in 86.8% of gatifloxacin-treated patients, compared with 81.6% of those receiving co-amoxiclav, while corresponding rates of bacteriological efficacy (eradication plus presumed eradication) were 83.1% and 78.7%, respectively. The safety and tolerability profile of gatifloxacin was comparable to that of co-amoxiclav, with adverse gastrointestinal events, e.g., diarrhoea and nausea, being the most common treatment-related adverse events in both groups. The study showed no evidence of gatifloxacin-induced phototoxicity, musculoskeletal disorders, or hepatic and renal problems. Overall, this study showed that gatifloxacin was equivalent clinically to a standard course of co-amoxiclav in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, and that gatifloxacin was safe and well-tolerated.     

A randomised, double-blind, double-dummy comparative study of gatifloxacin with clarithromycin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

Eligible patients were randomised in this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy parallel-group study in a ratio of 1:1 to either gatifloxacin 400 mg once-daily for 5-14 days plus matching placebo, or clarithromycin 500 mg twice-daily for 5-14 days. The primary outcome measure was clinical response (clinical cure plus improvement) at the end of treatment. Secondary endpoints were clinical response at end of study, clinical cure at end of treatment and end of study, bacteriological response at end of treatment and end of study, and treatment duration. The overall clinical response was similar in the two treatment groups, with 92.2% of gatifloxacin-treated patients cured or improved at the end of treatment, compared with 93.1% of those receiving clarithromycin. Corresponding bacteriological response rates (eradication plus presumed eradication) were 96.7% and 87.5%, respectively. The study drugs were well-tolerated, with nausea (gatifloxacin) and bitter taste (clarithromycin) being the only treatment-related adverse events with a frequency of > 5%. No patients experienced phototoxicity, hepatic or renal dysfunction, tendonitis or crystalluria. Oral gatifloxacin 400 mg once-daily appeared to be a safe and effective alternative to clarithromycin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.     

Doxycycline vs. macrolides in combination therapy for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

We assessed the comparative efficacy of empirical therapy with beta-lactam plus macrolide vs. beta-lactam plus doxycycline for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among patients in the Australian Community-Acquired Pneumonia Study. Both regimens demonstrated similar outcomes against CAP due to either ‘atypical’ (Chlamydophila, Legionella or Mycoplasma spp.) or typical bacterial pathogens.