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Begoña Graña Enrique Lastra Gemma Llort Joan Brunet Dolores Isla 《Clinical & translational oncology》2011,13(8):580-586
Research in genetics has facilitated the identification of highly penetrant genes responsible for a large number of diseases.
In the oncology field, genetic counselling and gene testing are focused on the two most common syndromes in familial cancer:
hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) and hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer or Lynch syndrome (LS).
The objective of this guideline in hereditary cancer is to summarise the current state of knowledge and make recommendations
in the areas of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of hereditary cancer. 相似文献
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Neutropenia induced by chemotherapy (CT) is an infection risk factor associated to greater morbidity/mortality and dose-limiting toxicity that on many occasions requires a reduction of the dose of cytostatics or a delay in the administration of treatment. This may have a negative effect on the patient's quality of life and even diminish the efficacy of the treatment, especially when the intention is to cure or prolong survival. Management of treatment or prophylaxis of grade 3-4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia with myeloid growth factors (CSF) varies very much in clinical practice, both in the time of starting treatment and the types of patients it is given to. The need to generalise and facilitate practice based on clinical evidence has led the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) to prepare clinical practice guidelines on the use of myeloid growth factors. 相似文献
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Arranz Arija Já Cassinello Espinosa J Climent Durán Má Rivero Herrero F 《Clinical & translational oncology》2012,14(7):520-527
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men. Many patients have prolonged survival and die of other diseases, so treatment decisions are often influenced by age and coexisting comorbidities. The main procedure to diagnose PC is an ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy, which is indicated when a digital rectal examination (DRE) finds nodularity or when PSA is >10 ng/ml, but is also recommended with PSA between 4.0 and 10 ng/ml. Depending on age, PSA, Gleason score and characteristics of the tumour, treatment options for localised PC are active surveillance, radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy. Androgen deprivation treatment (ADT) should be added to radiotherapy for men with intermediate- or high-risk PC. ADT is the current standard first-line treatment for metastatic PC. Castration-resistant PC is a heterogeneous entity. Several treatments such as sipuleucel-T, docetaxel-based chemotherapy, radium 223, cabazitaxel or abiraterone plus prednisone, zoledronic and denosumab, are useful for this situation. 相似文献
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A. Santaballa X. Matías-Guiu A. Redondo N. Carballo M. Gil C. Gómez M. Gorostidi M. Gutierrez A. Gónzalez-Martín 《Clinical & translational oncology》2018,20(1):29-37
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. Most patients are diagnosed at an early stage with a low risk of relapse. However, there is a group of patients with a high risk of relapse and poor prognosis. Despite the recent publication of randomized trials, the adjuvant treatment of high-risk EC is still to be defined and there are many open questions about the best approach and the right timing. Unfortunately, the survival of metastatic or recurrent EC is short, due to the poor results of chemotherapy and the lack of a second line of treatment. Advances in the knowledge of the molecular abnormalities in EC have permitted the development of promising targeted therapies. 相似文献
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Miguel Pastor Borgoñón Ricard Mesía Nin Juan Jesús Cruz Hernández Dolores Isla Casado 《Clinical & translational oncology》2010,12(11):749-752
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an unusual tumour in Spain. It has differences in epidemiology, histology, clinical behaviour,
treatment and prognosis from those of other head and neck neoplasms, which justifies separate analysis. It is a neoplasm with
a high possibility of cure with a combined treatment if even it is diagnosed in an advanced locoregional stage (stage III
or IV, without metastasis). The multidisciplinary team, bringing together all professionals who specialize in the diagnosis
and treatment of these tumors make the decision to establish the best sequence of individualized diagnosis, staging and treatment
for each patient. This guide gives recommendations for diagnosis, staging and treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The
treatment recommendations are summarized as local disease, locally advance and recurrent and metastatic disease. 相似文献
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A. de Juan A. Redondo M. J. Rubio Y. Garca J. Cueva L. Gaba A. Yubero J. Alarcn C. Maximiano A. Oaknin 《Clinical & translational oncology》2020,22(2):270-278
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, strongly linked to high-risk human papilloma virus infection. In high-income countries, the screening programs have dramatically decreased the incidence of CC; however, the lack of accessibility to them in developing countries makes CC an important cause of mortality. Clinical stage is the most relevant prognostic factor in CC. The new FIGO staging system published in 2018 is more accurate than the previous one since it takes into account the lymph node status. In early stages, the primary treatment is surgery—with some concerns recently raised regarding minimally invasive surgery because it might decrease survival—or radiotherapy, whereas concomitant chemo-radiotherapy is the conventional approach in locally advanced stages. For recurrent or metastatic CC, the combination of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab is the preferred therapy. Immunotherapy approach based on checkpoint inhibitors is evolving as the election therapy following failure to platinum therapy. 相似文献
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Carlos Gómez-Martín Manuel Hidalgo Josep Tabernero Dolores Isla 《Clinical & translational oncology》2011,13(8):528-535
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related death in the United States and Europe. Due to its poor
long-term survival, all patients with PC should undergo a comprehensive evaluation by a Multidisciplinary Tumor Committee
to establish the best therapeutic strategy. Pathologic PC diagnosis should be made according to the latest WHO classification
of malignant tumours and an accurate staging is crucial to assess resectability, determine the extension and, in some cases,
reestablish biliary flow. For patients with localised resectable disease the standard treatment option is radical pancreatic
resection. The aim of resection is to obtain microscopically negative margins (R0) and also to resect the drainage lymph nodes.
In those cases diagnosed with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic PC, palliative bypass of intestinal or biliary obstruction
followed by chemotherapy or chemoradiation remains the main palliative treatment option. Since 1997, gemcitabine monotherapy
has been considered the standard of care for advanced PC. In recent years new chemotherapy combinations and targeted agents
have demonstrated significant antitumoral activity, increasing the armamentarium that can be used against this lethal disease. 相似文献
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Javier Martínez Trufero Jaume Capdevilla Juan Jesús Cruz Dolores Isla 《Clinical & translational oncology》2011,13(8):574-579
Although thyroid cancer represents less than 1% of malignant tumours, its increased incidence detected in recent years and
the appearance and development of new drugs targeting specific molecular targets has attracted the attention of the doctors
involved in this pathology, especially medical oncologists. For this reason it is important at this critical point, when treatment
may be substantially changed, to establish and agree updated guidelines. These guidelines should incorporate the newly developed
strategies that, although still preliminary in evidence level, will surely have an important role, especially in relapsed
and refractory tumours, which are unsuitable for surgical or radio-iodine treatment. Particular histological and molecular
features of these tumours must be taken into account in order to optimise therapeutic approaches. 相似文献
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Joan Maurel Carlos Fernández-Martos Jaime Feliu Dolores Isla 《Clinical & translational oncology》2011,13(8):525-527
Anal carcinoma is an uncommon disorder accounting for less than 2% of large bowel malignancies and 1–6% of anorectal tumours.
Its incidence ranges between 0.5 and 1% per 100,000. Local staging should be done with MR imaging using an external pelvic
phased-array coil. Treatment strategy should be optimally discussed in a multidisciplinary team. HIV-positive patients seem
to achieve similar response rate and overall survival to HIV-negative patients but with increased toxicity and higher local
recurrences. Combined modality treatment with irradiation and chemotherapy has resulted in complete response over 90% and
local control over 85%. This guide gives recommendations for diagnosis, staging and treatment. 相似文献
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Javier Gallego Andrés Cervantes Carles Pericay Dolores Isla 《Clinical & translational oncology》2011,13(8):520-524
Oesophageal cancer is currently the eighth most common malignancy worldwide. The incidence varies enormously between geographic
areas, with increased incidences (>100/100,000) in Asia, and central and south Africa. The incidence of oesophageal cancer
in Spain has been approximately 8/100,000 among men and 1/100,000 among women. Oesophageal cancers are histologically classified
as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or adenocarcinoma, both with different associated risk factors. While SCCs have become increasingly
less common, the incidence of adenocarcinoma has risen steeply. In the SEOM Clinical Guidelines for Oesophageal Cancer we
propose rules for adequate initial diagnosis and staging as well as treatment recommendations from early to advanced disease. 相似文献
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C. Balañá M. Alonso A. Hernandez P. Perez-Segura E. Pineda A. Ramos A. R. Sanchez P. Teixidor E. Verger M. Benavides 《Clinical & translational oncology》2018,20(1):16-21
The SEOM/GEINO clinical guidelines provide recommendations for radiological, and molecular diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of adult patients with anaplastic gliomas (AG). We followed the 2016 WHO classification which specifies the major diagnostic/prognostic and predictive value of IDH1/IDH2 missense mutations and 1p/19q codeletions in AG. The diagnosis of anaplastic oligoastrocytoma is discouraged. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy with PCV or TMZ are the first-line standard of care for AG with slight modifications according to molecular variables. A multidisciplinary team is highly recommended in the management of these tumors. 相似文献
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The diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma should be performed by an experienced multidisciplinary team. Considering it is a systemic disease, chemotherapy is essential for long-term success. The drugs most commonly used are: cisplatin, adriamycin, high-dose methotrexate, ifosfamide, etoposide, and, more recently, mifamurtide. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy allows to know tumour chemosensitivity and getting the main prognostic factor: the percentage of tumour necrosis. In addition to chemotherapy, it is important to conduct surgical resection of primary tumour with wide margins, and in disseminated disease also to attempt resection of pulmonary metastasis. 相似文献
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Isabel Álvarez López Juan de la Haba Rodríguez Amparo Ruiz Simón Meritxell Bellet Ezquerra Lourdes Calvo Martínez Laura García Estévez Álvaro Rodríguez Lescure Dolores Isla Casado 《Clinical & translational oncology》2010,12(11):719-723
Patients with metastatic breast cancer have a wide number of treatment options, including medical, surgical, and supportive
care measures. Treatment decisions are based in predictive and prognostic factors and the informed choice of the patients.
SEOM has elaborated these guidelines with evidence-based recommendations for the diagnostic work-up, treatment (chemotherapy,
endocrine therapy and targeted therapies) and supportive care for the management of these patients. 相似文献
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases are not frequently encountered in our environment. Local stages are treated with radiotherapy. For advanced local stages, the association of chemotherapy with radiotherapy improves the rates of survival. In the case of metastatic disease stages, treatment requires platinum-based chemotherapy and patients may achieve a long survival time. 相似文献