Prognostic factors in the prediction of chronic wound healing by electrical stimulation

The aim of the study is to determine the effects of wound, patient and treatment attributes on the wound healing rate and to propose a system for wound healing rate prediction. Predicting the wound healing rate from the initial wound, patient and treatment data collected in a database of 300 chronic wounds is not possible. After considering weekly follow-ups, it was determined that the best prognostic factors are weekly follow-ups of the wound healing process, which alone were found to predict accurately the wound healing rate after a minimum follow-up period of four weeks (at least five measurements of wound area). After combining the follow-ups with wound, patient and treatment attributes, the minimum follow-up period was reduced to two weeks (at least three measurements of wound area). After a follow-up period of two weeks, it was possible to predict the wound healing rate of an independent test set of chronic wounds with a relative squared error of 0.347, and after three weeks, with a relative squared error of 0.181 (using regression trees with linear equations in its leaves). Regression trees with a relative squared error close to 0 produce better prediction than with an error closer to 1. Results show that the type of treatment is just one of many prognostic factors. Arranged in order of decreasing prediction capability, prognostic factors are: wound size, patient's age, elapsed time from wound appearance to the beginning of the treatment, width-to-length ratio, location and type of treatment. The data collected support former findings that the biphasic- and direct-current stimulation contributes to faster healing of chronic wounds. The model of wound healing dynamics aids the prediction of chronic wound healing rate, and hence helps with the formulation of appropriate treatment decisions.     

伤口组织与电刺激调控的相关性研究

慢性伤口迁延不愈。外源性电刺激提供促进慢性伤口愈合的电流,其独特优势是使电荷调控伤口,促进伤 口愈合,具有良好的应用前景,并成为目前组织学研究者和临床医生的研究热点之一。现介绍一些常见慢性伤口 的形态学和电生理特性,主要探讨目前电荷调控伤口愈合的形态学改变、可能作用机制及其影响因素。     

Electrical Stimulation Increases Random Migration of Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Exogenous electrical stimulation (ES) has been investigated as a therapy for chronic wounds, as the skin produces currents and electrical fields (EFs) during wound healing. ES therapies operate by applying small EFs to the skin to mimic the transepithelial potentials that occur during the granulation phase of wound healing. Here, we investigated the effect of short duration (10 min) ES on the migration of HDFs using various magnitudes of physiologically relevant EFs. We modeled cutaneous injury by culturing HDFs in custom chambers that allowed the application of ES and then performed timelapse microscopy on a standard wound model. Using MATLAB to process cell coordinate data, we determined that the cells were migrating randomly and fit mean squared displacement data to the persistent random walk equation using nonlinear least squares regression analysis. Results indicated that application of 25–100 mV/mm DC EFs to HDFs on either uncoated or FN-coated surfaces demonstrated no significant changes in viability or proliferation. Of significance is that the HDFs increased random migration behavior under some ES conditions even after 10 min, providing a mechanism to enhance wound healing.     

Treatment of chronic wounds by means of electric and electromagnetic fields part 1 literature review

The healing of a cutaneous wound is accompanied by endogeneous electrical phenomena. Not knowing whether they represent merely a side-effect of the physiological processes which take course during healing or whether they play a much more important role as mediators of healing, externally applied electricity was examined as a therapeutic tool for the enhancement of natural regenerative processes. In the present review a historical literature survey dealing with human applications of electric current for wound healing acceleration is given. It presents a complete palette of heterogeneous studies, differing in the parameters of applied electric current, in delivery modes as well as in the types of wounds being stimulated. Because of all these differences, comparing the efficacy of the described methods is difficult and could hardly be objective. Therefore greater stress was laid upon the discussion concerning the problems in designing clinical studies (size of the sample observed, control group, ethics of the procedures), rationales for the employment and possible underlying mechanisms of particular methods, and problems of evaluating their efficacy. In spite of the extensive work performed in the field of electrical wound healing we remain only part way towards explaining the mechanisms by which electricity reinforces the regenerative capabilities of injured tissue as well as only part way towards the selection of the optimal stimulation method from among the published reports.     

细菌生物膜对慢性伤口的影响及防治策略

背景：了解细菌生物膜的形成及对伤口愈合的影响机制,防止细菌生物膜对伤口愈合的影响,对于提高慢性伤口的治愈率有重要作用。 目的：综述细菌生物膜对慢性伤口的影响机制,以及现有的治疗护理对策。 方法：应用计算机检索Springerlink及CNKI数据库2008至2013年发表的文章,检索关键词为“细菌生物膜,慢性伤口感染;bacterial biofilm,Chronic wound infection”。选取与伤口感染、细菌生物膜相关的治疗及护理方面相关的文章。 结果与结论：大量研究证实,致病菌或机会致病菌引起的慢性感染常与生物膜形成相关,细菌生物膜形成是导致慢性伤口难以愈合的重要因素之一。生物膜形成机制复杂。目前主要通过规范操作及环境管理、合理使用抗生素、及时清创来预防细菌生物膜的形成。针对细菌生物膜的治疗主要有超声治疗、负压治疗、噬菌体疗法、乳铁蛋白、硝酸镓、乙二胺四乙酸、木糖醇、蜂蜜、中药、高压氧治疗等。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

Abrogation of TGF-beta by antisense oligonucleotides modulates expression of VEGF and increases angiogenic potential in isolated fibroblasts from radiated skin

The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has been identified as an important component of wound healing. Recent developments in molecular therapy offer good prospects for the modulation of wound healing, specifically those targeting TGF-beta. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of TGF-beta targeting on the expression of angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key regulator of angiogenesis and in vitro angiogenic activity in fibroblasts isolated from radiation-induced chronic dermal wounds. The expression of angiogenic VEGF in tissue samples from radiation-induced chronic dermal wounds was investigated by immunohistochemistry and microarray technique. The effect of TGF-beta targeting using antisense oligonucleotides on the expression of VEGF in isolated fibroblasts was analyzed by ELISA and multiplex RT-PCR. Human endothelial cells (ECs) were grown in conditioned medium produced from the treated fibroblasts. EC migration was measured using a modified Boyden chamber; EC tube formation was analyzed under a light microscope. Immunohistochemical investigation and microarray analysis demonstrated a decreased expression of VEGF protein and mRNA in tissue samples from radiation-induced chronic dermal wounds compared to normal human skin. Antisense TGF-beta oligonucleotide treatment significantly up-regulated VEGF secretion in vitro. Addition of conditioned medium from TGF-beta antisense-treated fibroblasts resulted in an increase in EC cell migration and tube formation. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that TGF-beta antisense oligonucleotide technology may be a potential therapeutic option for stimulation of angiogenesis in radiation-induced dermal wounds.     

基因和干细胞疗法修复慢性难愈创伤的研究与应用**◆

背景：许多疾病和因素都会使伤口久治不愈或延迟愈合,基因疗法和干细胞疗法为慢性难愈创伤的治疗提供了新的技术途径。 目的：针对基因疗法和干细胞疗法用于治疗慢性难愈创伤的研究作一综述。 方法：以“gene therapy,stem cell therapy和chronic wound”为检索词,检索Medline数据库(1980/2010-12),文献检索语种限制为英语。将近年发表的针对性强的文章纳入研究范围,同一领域的文献则选择近期发表或权威杂志的文章。排除与基因疗法和干细胞疗法相关性不强、陈旧的文献。结合自身的研究经验和纳入排除标准,对查阅到的最新研究成果详细分析并加以总结概括。 结果与结论：初次检索到267篇文献,严格按照纳入标准,最终将33篇文献纳入研究。基因疗法和干细胞疗法都是新的治疗方法,其相关理论和技术已经成熟,为慢性难愈创伤的治疗提供了新的技术途径,它们的有效运用有望给慢性难愈创伤带来突破性的治疗效果。     

慷舒灵治疗糖尿病足及下肢慢性创面疗效观察

目的探讨慷舒灵敷料治疗糖尿病足及下肢慢性创面的疗效。方法选择常规治疗四周以上无效的糖尿病足及下肢慢性创面患者16例，使用慷舒灵敷料治疗，视创面渗出的情况每3～5d换药1次，1周为一观察周期。结果5周愈合1例、6周愈合5例、7周愈合6例、10周愈合1例，11周愈合2例，有1例于12周行需要行自体皮片移植后创面愈合。慷舒灵全组总有效率为100％，8周愈合率为75％。结论慷舒灵敷料可有效治疗糖尿病足及下肢慢性创面，提高慢性创面愈合率，并可减少患者创面处理的痛苦。     

Topical treatment of chronic venous ulcers with sucralfate: a placebo controlled randomized study

Venous leg ulcers are an important medical issue due to their high incidence in the elderly and the lack of a standard curative approach. Apart from surgical therapy, different medical treatments to effect ulcer wound repair and regeneration are currently being investigated. Sucralfate is a cytoprotective agent employed to prevent or treat several gastrointestinal diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux, gastritis, peptic ulcer, stress ulcer and dyspepsia. In this study we evaluated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of topical sucralfate (SUC-LIS 95) on the healing of chronic venous leg ulcers in 50 patients by a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. Our results indicated that the daily application of SUC-LIS 95 to non-infected post-phlebitis/vascular ulcers, for a median period of 42.0 days, led to complete healing in 95.6% of patients, against only 10.9% of cases with a matched placebo. A significant improvement was obtained in the SUC-LIS 95-treated patient group with regard to local tissue inflammation as well as pain and burning, and consequently, in ulcer size and the evolution of granulation tissue. Our findings were corroborated for selected patients by the morphological analysis of biopsies obtained before and after treatment. Using ultrastructural analysis we demonstrated that the topical use of SUC-LIS 95 was able to affect neoangiogenesis, increase wound contraction, promote re-epithelialization of the wound area and diminish the inflammatory reaction. Overall, our results indicated that patients with chronic venous ulcers show improvement after the use of topical sucralfate.     

糖尿病足伤口处理中的护理风险及其相关性研究

目的 探讨影响糖尿病足伤口处理中护理风险的相关因素,为降低护理风险所采取的护理措施提供理论依据。方法 采用自行设计的一般资料调查表、护理风险表对在本院门诊就诊的79例2型糖尿病足患者进行问卷调查,并分析影响糖尿病足伤口处理中护理风险的相关因素。结果 护理差错缺陷率为0.62%,愈合率为88.61%,满意度为93.67%。患者年龄、文化程度、糖尿病治疗情况、对糖尿病足认识程度、就诊情况及伤口治疗情况与护理差错缺陷率、伤口愈合情况和满意度有相关性（P＜0.05）;吸烟与伤口愈合情况有相关性（P＜0.05）;并发糖尿病其它并发症与护理差错缺陷率有相关性（P＜0.05）。结论 年龄越大、文化程度越低、不坚持糖尿病治疗、对糖尿病足认识模糊、有伤口不及时就诊和不坚持伤口治疗、吸烟及并发糖尿病其它并发症的糖尿病足患者护理风险高,在制定护理风险管理措施时,应根据患者具体情况,规避不利因素,以降低护理差错缺陷率、提高治愈率及患者的满意度。     

A reliable method of determining wound healing rate

Several wound healing rate measures have been introduced with the main goal of enabling quantification of the effects of various therapeutic modalities on the healing of open wounds. Different definitions of wound healing rate render comparison of clinical results difficult. The goal of the present study was to propose a measure of wound healing rate that is independent of initial wound extent and to present a method of wound healing rate prediction. Comparisons were made of wound healing rate defined as absolute area healed per day, percentage of initial area healed per day and advance of the wound margin towards the wound centre per day. Analysis was performed on 300 wound cases. A disadvantage of wound healing measures that either use absolute area healed per day or percentage of initial area healed per day is their very limited use for comparing healing rates of wounds with different initial sizes. This disadvantage was overcome by incorporating a wound perimeter; thus obtaining a measure of the advance of the wound margin towards the wound centre. A definition of healing rate expressed as the greatest average wound margin distance from the wound centre divided by the time to complete wound closure is proposed. Because not all wounds are closed in the observation period, the time to complete wound closure has to be predicted. A method of wound healing rate prediction is presented based on a delayed exponential model the parameters of which are obtained from at least five weekly wound area measurements. Paired t-tests between actual time needed to complete wound closure and the predicted time resulted in p=0.062 after four, 0.484 after five and 0.900 after six weeks of observation.     

电刺激效应在血管新生中的作用

人体生命活动的不断延续,往往伴随着生物电现象的产生,一旦这种电生理环境发生改变,机体易于陷入疾病状态。那么基于这种电生理环境的改变以及电刺激技术的发展,借助电刺激技术改变疾病状态。从而修复机体结构和功能的治疗手段得到大量研究者的证实。血管新生是一个多因素参与、多步骤演变的过程。多种病变情况下如创伤愈合、组织再生修复和肿瘤生长、转移均牵涉到血管的新生,同时也伴随着生物电现象的变化。就近年来电刺激技术作用于血管新生的研究进展作一综述。     

Modelling of chronic wound healing dynamics

Following chronic wound area over time can give a general overview of wound healing dynamics. Decrease or increase in wound area over time has been modelled using either exponential or linear models, which are two-parameter mathematical models. In many cases of chronic wound healing, a delay of healing process was noticed. Such dynamics cannot be described solely with two parameters. The reported study deals with two-, three-, and four-parameter models. Assessment of the models was based on weekly measurements of 226 chronic wounds of various aetiologies. Several quantitative fitting criteria, i.e. goodness of fit, handling missing data and prediction capability, and qualitative criteria, i.e. number of parameters and their biophysical meaning were considered. The median of goodness of fit of three- and four-parameter models was between 0.937 and 0.958, and the median of two-parameter moels was 0.821 to 0.883. Two-parameter models fitted wound area over time significantly (p=0.001) worse than three- and four-parameter models. The criterion handling missing data provided similar results, with no significant difference between three- and four-parameter models. Median prediction error of two-parameter models was between 111 and 746; three-parameter models resulted in an error of 64 to 128, and finally four-parameter models resulted in the highest prediction error of 407 and 238. Based on the values of quantitative fitting criteria obtained, three parameters were chosen as the most appropriate. Based on qualitative criteria, the delayed exponential model was selected as the most general three-parameter model. It was found to have good prediction capability and in this capacity it could be used to help physicians choose the most appropriate treatment for patients with chronic wounds after an initial three-week observation period, when the median error increase of fitting is 74%.     

Adenosine promotes wound healing and mediates angiogenesis in response to tissue injury via occupancy of A(2A) receptors

Recent evidence indicates that topical application of adenosine A(2A) receptor agonists, unlike growth factors, increases the rate at which wounds close in normal animals and promotes wound healing in diabetic animals as well as growth factors, yet neither the specific adenosine receptor involved nor the mechanism(s) by which adenosine receptor occupancy promotes wound healing have been fully established. To determine which adenosine receptor is involved and whether adenosine receptor-mediated stimulation of angiogenesis plays a role in promotion of wound closure we compared the effect of topical application of the adenosine receptor agonist CGS-21680 (2-p-[2-carboxyethyl]phenethyl-amino-5'-N-ethylcarboxamido-adenosine) on wound closure and angiogenesis in adenosine A(2A) receptor knockout mice and their wild-type littermates. There was no change in the rate of wound closure in the A(2A) receptor knockout mice compared to their wild-type littermates although granulation tissue formation was nonhomogeneous and there seemed to be greater inflammation at the base of the wound. Topical application of CGS-21680 increased the rate of wound closure and increased the number of microvessels in the wounds of wild-type mice but did not affect the rate of wound closure in A(2A) receptor knockout mice. Similarly, in a model of internal trauma and repair (murine air pouch model), endogenously produced adenosine released into areas of internal tissue injury stimulates angiogenesis because there was a marked reduction in blood vessels in the walls of healing air pouches of A(2A) receptor knockout mice compared to their wild-type controls. Inflammatory vascular leakage and leukocyte accumulation in the inflamed air pouch were similarly reduced in the A(2A) receptor knockout mice reflecting the reduced vascularity. Thus, targeting the adenosine A(2A) receptor is a novel approach to promoting wound healing and angiogenesis in normal individuals and those suffering from chronic wounds.     

Photobiomodulation of Surgical Wound Dehiscence in a Diabetic Individual by Low-Level Laser Therapy Following Median Sternotomy

In this single case study, we attempt to outline the possible effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on delayed wound healing and pain in chronic dehiscent sternotomy of a diabetic individual. The methods that were employed to evaluate changes pre and post irradiation were wound photography, wound area measurement, pressure ulcer scale of healing (PUSH), and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. After irradiation, proliferation of healthy granulation tissue was observed with decrease in scores of PUSH for sternal dehiscence and VAS for bilateral shoulders and sternal dehiscence. We found that LLLT irradiation could be a novel method of treatment for chronic sternal dehiscence following coronary artery bypass grafting, as it augments wound healing with an early closure of the wound deficit. Hence, this might be translated into an early functional rehabilitation and decreased pain perception of an individual following surgical complication.     

藻酸盐银联合水凝胶敷料对慢性创面愈合的作用

背景：研究发现藻酸盐及水凝胶敷料等均可促进创面愈合,而新型敷料藻酸盐银联合水凝胶敷料,对于难治慢性创面的愈合作用尚不清楚。 目的：观察藻酸盐银联合水凝胶敷料对慢性创面治疗的作用。 方法：选择江苏省人民医院烧伤整形科住院慢性创面患者34例,随机分为2组：治疗组应用藻酸盐银联合水凝胶敷料序贯换药;对照组采用1%磺胺嘧啶银冷霜抹在凡士林纱布上外敷,于治疗后7,10,14,17,21 d进行创面分泌物细菌培养、观察创面愈合情况及速度、药物不良反应、换药时创面痛感、肉芽破坏等情况。 结果与结论：治疗组创面细菌检出率明显低于对照组(P < 0.05)。治疗组创面愈合时间比对照组平均缩短约6 d,创面愈合速度较对照组明显加快(P < 0.05)。两组均无药物不良反应,治疗组创面换药时无明显疼痛感,肉芽组织无明显破坏。提示藻酸盐银联合水凝胶敷料序贯治疗慢性创面具有显著抗菌及促进创面肉芽组织和上皮再生、促进创面愈合的作用,且无不良反应。     

CD163 overexpression using a macrophage-directed gene therapy approach improves wound healing in ex vivo and in vivo human skin models

Large tissue damage or wounds cause serious comorbidities and represent a major burden for patients, families, and health systems. Due to the pivotal role of immune cells in the proper resolution of inflammation and tissue repair, we focus our current study on the interaction of macrophages with skin cells, and specifically on the effects of CD163 gene induction in macrophages in wound healing. We hypothesize that the over-expression of the scavenger receptor gene CD163 in human macrophages would result in a more efficient wound healing process. Using 3D human wounded skin organotypic tissues, we observed that CD163 overexpression in THP-1 and human primary macrophages induced a more efficient re-epithelization when compared to control cells. Using human primary skin cells and an in vitro scratch assay we observed that CD163 overexpression in THP-1 macrophages promoted a more rapid and efficient wound healing process through a unique interaction with fibroblasts. The addition of CD163-blocking antibody, but not isotype control, blocked the efficient wound healing process induced by CD163 overexpression in macrophages. We found that the co-culture of skin cells and CD163 overexpressing macrophages reduced monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and enhanced tumor growth factor (TGF)-α, without altering interleukin (IL)-6 or TGF-β. Our findings show that CD163 induces a more efficient wound healing and seems to promote a wound milieu with a pro-resolution molecular profile. Our studies set the foundation to study this approach in in vivo clinically relevant settings to test its effects in wound healing processes such as acute major injuries, large surgeries, or chronic ulcers.     

Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms perturb wound resolution and antibiotic tolerance in diabetic mice

Diabetic patients are more susceptible to the development of chronic wounds than non-diabetics. The impaired healing properties of these wounds, which often develop debilitating bacterial infections, significantly increase the rate of lower extremity amputation in diabetic patients. We hypothesize that bacterial biofilms, or sessile communities of bacteria that reside in a complex matrix of exopolymeric material, contribute to the severity of diabetic wounds. To test this hypothesis, we developed an in vivo chronic wound, diabetic mouse model to determine the ability of the opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to cause biofilm-associated infections. Utilizing this model, we observed that diabetic mice with P. aeruginosa-infected chronic wounds displayed impaired bacterial clearing and wound closure in comparison with their non-diabetic littermates. While treating diabetic mice with insulin improved their overall health, it did not restore their ability to resolve P. aeruginosa wound infections or speed healing. In fact, the prevalence of biofilms and the tolerance of P. aeruginosa to gentamicin treatment increased when diabetic mice were treated with insulin. Insulin treatment was observed to directly affect the ability of P. aeruginosa to form biofilms in vitro. These data demonstrate that the chronically wounded diabetic mouse appears to be a useful model to study wound healing and biofilm infection dynamics, and suggest that the diabetic wound environment may promote the formation of biofilms. Further, this model provides for the elucidation of mechanistic factors, such as the ability of insulin to influence antimicrobial effectiveness, which may be relevant to the formation of biofilms in diabetic wounds.     

肉芽组织下注射微粒皮浆对大鼠创伤性慢性创面愈合的影响

目的研究肉芽组织下注射微粒皮浆对大鼠创伤性慢性创面愈合的作用。 方法选取60只SD雄性大鼠,于背部制作大小为3.0 cm×3.0 cm的创面,并将钢丝圈缝于创面内缘。按照随机数字表法将大鼠分为3组,分别为一般创面组、慢性创面组和微粒皮浆组,每组各20只。一般创面组背部造成创面后给予抗感染治疗并常规换药;慢性创面组背部形成创面后给予抗感染治疗、常规换药,并连续7 d肌内注射氢化可的松干预形成慢性创面;微粒皮浆组背部形成创面后给予抗感染治疗、常规换药,连续7 d肌内注射氢化可的松干预形成慢性创面,取大鼠右大腿外侧皮肤制备微粒皮浆注射于肉芽组织下。造模完成次日开始观察创面情况,定为观察第1天。观察第7、14、21、28天各组创面愈合情况,并计算创面愈合率;留取观察第14天的肉芽组织进行苏木精-伊红染色以及CD31免疫组织化学染色,观察苏木精-伊红染色下创面新生毛细血管分布情况及CD31免疫组织化学染色下CD31表达情况与微血管密度。对数据行单因素方差分析和LSD-t检验。 结果观察第14天,一般创面组创面明显缩小,慢性创面组皮肤爬伸不明显,微粒皮浆组创面大部分愈合;观察第28天,一般创面组剩余部分残留创面,慢性创面组创面愈合不明显,微粒皮浆组创面基本愈合。观察第14、21、28天,一般创面组愈合率分别为(51.09±0.94)%、(75.43±0.92)%、(86.51±0.57)%,慢性创面组创面愈合率分别为(20.30±0.95)%、(35.59±1.18)%、(45.82±1.35)%,微粒皮浆组创面愈合率分别为(39.00±0.86)%、(64.62±0.15)%、(91.25±0.87)%,比较差异均有统计学意义(F＝1 993.60、6 475.02、9 984.47,P值均小于0.05);观察第14天,慢性创面组创面愈合率分别与一般创面组、微粒皮浆组比较,差异均有统计学意义(t＝89.90、50.93,P值均小于0.05);观察第21天,慢性创面组创面愈合率分别与一般创面组、微粒皮浆组比较,差异均有统计学意义(t＝117.90、116.10,P值均小于0.05);观察第28天,慢性创面组创面愈合率分别与一般创面组、微粒皮浆组比较,差异均有统计学意义(t＝86.43、94.29,P值均小于0.05)。观察第14天,创面苏木精-伊红染色观察,一般创面组可见少许新生毛细血管,慢性创面组未见明显新生毛细血管,微粒皮浆组其间有大量新生毛细血管。观察第14天,创面CD31免疫组织化学染色观察(CD31阳性表达呈棕黄色),一般创面组棕黄色的颗粒散在分布,慢性创面组棕黄色颗粒稀疏分布,微粒皮浆组可见大量棕黄色的颗粒分布。观察第14天,创面微血管密度比较,一般创面组、慢性创面组、微粒皮浆组微血管密度分别为(49.20±17.96)、(37.32±9.57)、(64.93±20.29)个/视野,比较差异有统计学意义(F＝34.09,P<0.05);慢性创面组创面微血管密度分别与一般创面组、微粒皮浆组比较,差异有统计学意义(t＝3.23、11.50,P值均小于0.05)。 结论微粒皮浆肉芽组织下注射可促进大鼠创伤性慢性创面血管增生,其创面愈合率明显升高,创面愈合时间缩短。     

Cell Therapy for Wound Healing

In covering wounds, efforts should include utilization of the safest and least invasive methods with goals of achieving optimal functional and cosmetic outcome. The recent development of advanced wound healing technology has triggered the use of cells to improve wound healing conditions. The purpose of this review is to provide information on clinically available cell-based treatment options for healing of acute and chronic wounds. Compared with a variety of conventional methods, such as skin grafts and local flaps, the cell therapy technique is simple, less time-consuming, and reduces the surgical burden for patients in the repair of acute wounds. Cell therapy has also been developed for chronic wound healing. By transplanting cells with an excellent wound healing capacity profile to chronic wounds, in which wound healing cannot be achieved successfully, attempts are made to convert the wound bed into the environment where maximum wound healing can be achieved. Fibroblasts, keratinocytes, adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells, bone marrow stem cells, and platelets have been used for wound healing in clinical practice. Some formulations are commercially available. To establish the cell therapy as a standard treatment, however, further research is needed.

Graphical Abstract

相似文献