玻璃体手术治疗伴脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离临床研究

目的评价玻璃体手术联合眼内填充硅油治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的效果。方法临床确诊的孔源性视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离的患者共21例（2l眼）纳入研究。在非接触式广角镜下,患者均行闭合式玻璃体手术及硅油填充,部分患者联合晶状体手术。观察手术前后视力变化、眼压变化以及术后视网膜复位率等情况。结果一次手术视网膜复位15眼（71．5％）,多次手术最终视网膜复位19眼（90．5％）。最终视力〉0．1者7眼（33．3％）,手术后视力提高者共17眼（80．9％）。术前眼压平均6．1mmHg,术后眼压平均14．8mmHg,术后眼压明显改善,两者相比差异有统计学意义。结论合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离玻璃体手术处理得当可获得较好的效果。     

玻璃体腔注射C3F8联合玻璃体手术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的疗效

目的:探讨玻璃体腔注射C3F8联合23 G微创玻璃体切除术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的临床疗效?方法:临床确诊的脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离患者29例(29眼)纳入研究?患者入院后先行玻璃体腔内注射0.8 mL C3F8,3 d后行经结膜无缝合玻璃体切除及硅油填充术?观察玻璃体手术前后视力?眼压变化情况,以及手术后视网膜复位率及并发症等情况?结果:玻璃体腔注射C3F8后29眼眼压均得到不同程度回升,眼前节炎症减轻,注气后3 d内共有23眼脉络膜复位?行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充后,视网膜复位25眼,占86.2%,3眼通过二次手术达到视网膜复位?术前?术后1个月?术后3个月平均LogMAR视力为2.14 ± 0.39?1.58 ± 0.57?1.23 ± 0.59,与手术前视力比较,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)?结论:玻璃体腔注射C3F8联合玻璃体切除术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离安全有效?     

硅油眼内填充治疗复杂性视网膜脱离

目的 观察硅油眼内填充治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的临床效果。方法 回顾性研究45例(46眼)复杂性视网膜脱离病例，视网膜脱离伴严重增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变23眼(D1级5眼，D2级6眼，D3级12眼)．其中6眼单纯巩膜扣带术后未复位，巨大裂孔4眼，伴巩膜后葡萄肿的黄斑裂孔4眼，糖尿病视网膜病变Ⅵ期6眼。眼外伤增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变致牵拉性视网膜脱离9眼。行闭合式玻璃体手术硅油眼内填充，联合巩膜扣带术治疗。结果 术后随访3～24个月，43眼获解剖复位，成功率93．5％。成功病例视力均有不同程度提高。术后并发症高眼压6眼，白内障5眼，硅油乳化1眼。结论 玻璃体手术眼内硅油填充治疗复杂性视网膜脱离可明显提高手术成功率，用5000cps以上的硅油可减少并发症发生。     

眼球破裂伤合并脉络膜上腔出血患者的手术疗效分析

目的：初步评价眼球破裂伤合并脉络膜上腔出血患者的手术治疗效果。方法：对17例（J7只眼）因眼球破裂伤致脉络膜上腔出血的患者行二期手术治疗,玻璃体腔内灌注BSS,在睫状体平坦部行巩膜切口引流脉络上腔积血,然后经睫状体平坦部行玻璃体切除联合视网膜复位术,术中眼内填充气体或硅油。结果：17例患者均成功引流脉络膜上腔积血,术后随访3～27个月,15例患者视网膜和脉络膜在位。眼球保存率88．2％,视力较术前有所提高;2例患者视网膜再脱落,眼球萎缩。结论：经二期手术引流脉络膜上腔积血及玻璃体切除、视网膜复位术。大部分严重的眼球伤合并脉络膜上腔出血的患者可保留眼球,甚至恢复一定的视力。     

玻璃体手术治疗视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离

为了探讨玻璃体手术在视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离治疗中的应用,回顾性分析了12例12只眼视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离的病例,应用闭合式玻璃体手术,玻璃体腔内应用6mm长灌注针头,切除玻璃体,剥离视网膜前膜,气液交换,周边部下方裂孔置巩膜外填压,调整环扎带,玻璃体注气C3Fe15％。一例患者注入硅油。术前、术后常规全身激素用药。结果12例12只眼术中眼内压迅速重建,脉络膜下腔的液体经三个巩膜切口自行引流,脉络膜复位,无需另外的巩膜切口引流脉络膜下腔的液体,术后随访2～16个月,12只眼全部获得视网膜解剖复位,未诱发术后玻璃体视网膜增殖病变(PVR)。提示玻璃体手术在治疗视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离时是优先考虑的术式。     

外伤性无光感眼玻璃体视网膜手术时机的选择

目的探讨外伤性无光感眼采用玻璃体切除手术治疗的时机选择。方法对眼外伤无光感眼20例(20眼)行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果术前彩色多普勒超声显示20眼均有视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离及玻璃体混浊。术前视力为无光感,眼压5～16 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),平均眼压8.3 mm Hg。术后1周视力为9眼仍为无光感,8眼为光感,1眼为眼前手动,1眼为眼前指数,1眼最佳矫正视力为0.02。术后1周眼压为16眼硅油填充眼眼压正常,4眼硅油填充眼眼压低,平均眼压11.0 mm Hg。结论适当的玻璃体视网膜手术是治疗外伤性无光感眼的有效方法。     

玻璃体切割联合硅油填充治疗先天性脉络膜缺损并发视网膜脱离

目的 探讨先天性脉络膜缺损并发视网膜脱离的临床特征及玻璃体切割联合硅油填充术治疗的有效性.方法 回顾性分析10例(10只眼)先天性脉络膜缺损合并视网膜脱离患者的临床资料.所有患者均行标准三通道闭合式玻璃体切割手术,术中寻找视网膜裂孔、脉络膜缺损区及玻璃体情况,并于缺损区边缘有色素区行激光光凝联合玻璃体腔硅油填充.结果 10只眼视网膜裂孔均位于脉络膜缺损区,脉络膜缺损区包含视盘者6只眼,缺损区上缘邻近视盘者4只眼,合并黄斑缺损者1只眼.10只眼均无玻璃体后脱离.随访观察3 ～ 20个月(平均12个月),10只眼视网膜均获解剖复位.7只眼术后视力有不同程度改善.结论 玻璃体切割、缺损缘视网膜激光光凝联合硅油内填充术是治疗先天性脉络膜缺损合并视网膜脱离的有效方法.     

玻璃体切除联合硅油填充治疗无视网膜脱离感染性眼内炎13例

目的探讨玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术治疗无视网膜脱离感染性眼内炎的疗效。方法对13例13眼无视网膜脱离感染性眼内炎采用玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术治疗。结果随访3—18个月,13眼眼内感染全部控制,与术前相比,12眼视力有不同程度提高,1眼视力不变,无眼球萎缩。1眼在硅油取出后发生视网膜脱离。9眼并发前房炎性渗出,3眼术后短暂高眼压。经治疗渗出物吸收,眼压得到控制。结论玻璃体切除联合硅油填充手术是治疗无视网膜脱离感染性眼内炎的有效方法。     

高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离应用玻璃体切除联合硅油填充的手术效果分析

[摘要]　目的　探讨玻璃体切除联合硅油填充治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜病变脱离(MHRD)的适应证及治疗效果。　方法　选择29例（29只眼）高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离患者,同时伴有视网膜周边裂孔,行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充及内界膜撕除。术后保持头低位3周,随访6～12个月,其中硅油填充时间3～6个月。观察患眼手术后矫正视力、视网膜复位、黄斑裂孔闭合情况以及并发症。　结果　　手术后29只眼视网膜完全复位,复位率为100%。视网膜脱离复发1只眼,占3.47％。黄斑裂孔复位闭合11只眼（37.9％）;术后视力提高者26例26只眼（89.7％）,不变者3只眼（10.3％）;术后2周,出现高眼压 4只眼,占13.8％,给予降低眼压药物治疗后眼压控制。硅油取出手术前出现高眼压 2只眼（6.89％）,硅油取出手术后眼压均得到控制。　结论　玻璃体切割联合内界膜撕除及硅油填充可在伴有视网膜周边裂孔高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜病变脱离患者中获得较高的手术复位率。     

显微眼内镜在眼外伤前后段联合手术中的应用

目的探讨应用眼内镜实施眼外伤前后段联合手术的意义。方法对92例不同情况的眼外伤患者,应用眼内镜实施手术,包括:晶状体玻璃体切除、睫状突光凝、眼内异物摘出、视网膜脱离复位及辅助检查眼底周边部。结果角膜混浊行眼后段手术的52例中,合并眼内异物者全部摘出;视网膜脱离者眼内填充硅油,视网膜复位。40例继发青光眼患者,行晶状体或(和)玻璃体切除联合睫状突光凝,34例眼压控制,术后平均眼压(16.79±3.01)mmHg〔(2.24±0.40)kPa〕,6例眼压失控,再次行睫状体光凝。结论眼内镜下不失时机地对角膜混浊合并眼后段病变及难治性青光眼进行前后段联合手术,效果理想。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.