髋部骨折内固定失败后的挽救性人工关节置换治疗

目的 研究挽救性人工髋关节置换术的疗效.方法 收治髋部骨折内固定失败25例(股骨颈骨折19例,股骨粗隆间骨折4例,髋臼骨折2例),分析内固定失败的原凶,评价术后疗效.其中全髋关节置换23例,双极人工股骨头置换2例;骨水泥型假体15例,非骨水泥型假体10例.结果 25例获得平均16个月随访,Harris评分由术前平均45.5分恢复到术后88.2分.髋部骨折复位不良、内周定技术错误、骨质疏松以及股骨头血供障碍是导致治疗失败的主要原因.结论 对于内固定失效的髋部骨折,人工关节置换术是一个有效的挽救手段.术前分析失效原因,充分准备,选择适当的固定方式,可以取得良好的疗效.     

股骨近端骨折治疗失败的原因分析及挽救性全髋关节置换

目的分析股骨近端骨折治疗失败的原因,探讨补救性全髋关节置换术(THR)的疗效。方法2002年2月～2005年4月,对23例股骨近端骨折治疗失败的患者(股骨颈骨折17例,股骨转子部骨折5例,股骨头骨折1例)进行回顾性研究,分析其前期治疗失败的原因,总结此23例患者进行补救性THR后的疗效。结果股骨近端骨折治疗失败的主要原因是骨折后复位不良、内固定方式选择不当或技术错误。21例患者获平均32个月(8～46个月)随访。无感染、脱位及假体周围骨折等并发症发生。21例患者髋关节功能均有改善,Harris评分由术前平均48．3分提高到术后87．6分。结论骨折复位、内固定方式或固定技术对股骨近端骨折的治疗非常重要。老年患者的骨质疏松和年轻患者的高能量损伤也增加股骨近端骨折治疗的难度。对于股骨近端骨折治疗失败的患者,进行补救性的THR重建髋关节功能临床疗效满意。     

髋关节置换术治疗老年髋部骨折内固定失败

目的 评价采用髋关节置换术治疗老年髋部骨折内固定失败的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2003年7月至2011年6月,采用髋关节置换术治疗老年髋部骨折内固定失败并获得完整随访资料者22例,男12例,女10例;行髋关节置换术的年龄为65～82岁,平均72岁;从骨折到行髋关节置换的时间为8～71个月,平均41个月.骨折内固定方法是多枚螺钉12例,滑动髋螺钉6例,股骨近端髓内钉2例,股骨近端钢板2例.失败原因是拉力螺钉切出股骨头7例,骨折不愈合6例,股骨头缺血性坏死5例,创伤性骨关节炎4例.术前患髋Harris评分平均37分(32～45分),采用非骨水泥型全髋置换l1例,骨水泥型全髋置换4例,非骨水泥型半髋置换4例,骨水泥型半髋置换3例.标准柄股骨假体1 5例,长柄股骨假体7例.结果 22例均获随访,随访时间1～5年,平均2.5年.末次随访时Harris评分平均88分(84～95分),优7例,良11例,可3例,差1例,优良率81.8％.无假体松动和下沉.结论 髋关节置换术是治疗老年髋部骨折内固定失败后的一种有效挽救关节功能的选择.     

髋关节置换术治疗老年髋部骨折内固定失败的中期疗效观察

目的评价髋关节置换术治疗老年髋部骨折内固定失败的中期临床效果。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2016年8月,在西南医科大学附属医院接受髋关节置换术治疗的老年髋部骨折内固定失败的41例患者资料,其中男19例,女22例;髋部骨折类型:股骨颈骨折24例,股骨转子间骨折17例。受伤原因:摔伤24例,交通车祸伤12例,坠落伤5例。内固定方式:空心螺钉内固定19例,股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定18例,股骨近端钢板内固定4例。初次内固定术时年龄51~85岁,平均68.6岁。内固定失败原因:股骨头坏死24例,骨折不愈合内固定移位切出12例,创伤性关节炎5例。从内固定术到髋关节置换术时间为6~38个月,平均为15.4个月。髋关节置换术前患髋Harris评分为21~48分,平均(35.4±6.5)分。采用生物型全髋关节置换术21例,骨水泥型全髋关节置换术13例,非骨水泥型半髋置换术3例,骨水泥型半髋置换术4例;其中采用标准股骨柄27例,加长型股骨柄14例。结果 1例患者术后3d死亡,1例出现切口浅表感染,经再次清创缝合后愈合。36例患者获随访,随访时间1.5~6.0年,平均为3.8年。末次随访时患髋Harris评分为51~96分,平均(82.6±4.3)分。有1例出现假体周围骨折并再次手术;1例出现假体松动下沉,患髋中度疼痛。结论髋关节置换术是治疗老年髋部骨折内固定失败后的一种有效挽救关节功能的治疗方式,中期并发症少,临床效果满意。     

髋关节置换术治疗股骨转子间骨折内固定失败

 目的 回顾性分析采用髋关节置换术治疗股骨转子间骨折内固定失败的临床效果。方法2004年7月至2006年6月,采用髋关节置换术治疗32例股骨转子间骨折内固定失败患者,男24例,女8例;行关节置换时的年龄为57～81,平均71岁;从骨折到行关节置换的时间为5～70个月,平均40个月。骨折内固定方式包括：滑动髋螺钉15例,髓内钉10例,钢板5例,多枚螺钉2例。失败原因：拉力螺钉切出股骨头8例,骨折不愈合9例,股骨头缺血性坏死7例,创伤性关节炎8例。采用全髋关节置换术28例（全部为生物型髋臼）,双极人工股骨头置换术4例。骨水泥型股骨柄12例,非骨水泥型股骨柄20例。标准股骨假体25例,长柄股骨假体7例。结果术后28例患者获得随访,随访时间4～6年,平均5年。28例患者术前H arris评分平均37分（32～45分）,末次随访时平均88分（84～95分）;优6例,良14例,可7例,差1例。末次随访时X线片显示假体位置正常,髋臼平均外展角为44°（42°～48°）,髋臼假体无松动。根据Harris标准评价骨水泥型股骨假体固定,1例为A级,9例为C级。根据Engh等标准评价非骨水泥型股骨假体的固定,18例均评价为骨长入。3例髋关节术后6个月复查时发现异位骨化,BrookerⅡ级2例,Ⅲ级1例。结论髋关节置换术是老年患者股骨转子间骨折内固定治疗失败后的一种有效挽救选择。     

人工关节置换术治疗内固定失败的髋部骨折的疗效分析

目的分析髋部骨折内固定术治疗失败后采取人工髋关节置换术治疗的疗效。方法回顾分析我科自2012年6月至2016年6月采用人工髋关节置换术治疗的30例髋部骨折内固定失败的患者。其中,股骨颈骨折内固定失败的患者21例,股骨转子间骨折内固定失败的患者6例,髋臼骨折内固定失败的患者3例。30例患者均采用全髋关节置换术和生物型髋臼杯固定。28例采用生物型股骨柄固定,2例患者因骨质疏松严重而行骨水泥型股骨柄固定。结果所有患者均手术顺利,无术中并发症发生,手术时间(85±22)min。术后随访10~24个月,平均15.7个月。所有患者伤口愈合良好,至末次随访时未发现假体下沉、松动、脱位等现象。Harris评分由术前的52~78分(平均68.5分)提高到末次随访的85~96分(平均92.6分)。依据Harris评分(满分100分,90分以上为优良,80~89分为较好,70~79分为尚可,小于70分为差)进行疗效评价,优良28例,较好2例,优良率86.7%。结论髋部骨折内固定术失败后行人24例,良工髋关节置换术治疗,手术安全,疗效可靠,患者的关节功能障碍和疼痛得到明显改善。可最大程度恢复关节功能,减轻疼痛,减少关节失用带来的各种并发症,有利于提高患者的生活质量。     

挽救性髋关节置换术在髋部骨折内固定失败后的应用

目的评估髋部骨折内固定失败后行挽救性髋关节置换术的疗效。方法自2006年6月至2016年8月,笔者科室收治髋部骨折内固定失败29例(股骨颈骨折15例,股骨转子间骨折9例,髋臼骨折5例)并行挽救性髋关节置换术(全髋关节置换22例,双极人工股骨头置换7例),其中男13例,女16例;年龄52~82岁,平均(64.33±8.9)岁。内固定手术与挽救性髋关节置换术间隔时间1~47年,平均(7.18±12.23)年。结果 1例术后1年死于心脏疾病,1例末次随访时失访,其余27例患者均获得随访,随访时间9~120个月,平均随访18个月。Harris髋关节评分术前平均(41.93±14.47)分,末次随访时平均(88.80±2.23)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。双下肢短缩术前平均(2.17±1.18)cm,末次随访时平均(0.80±0.48)cm,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论髋关节置换术是髋部骨折内固定失败后的一种有效可行的挽救措施。     

老年股骨转子间骨折内固定失败后髋关节置换术重建髋部功能

[目的]探讨老年股骨转子间骨折内固定失败的治疗方法。[方法]对11例老年股骨转子间骨折内固定失败后患者,取出内固定物,行人工髋关节置换术,分析其内固定治疗失败的原因,总结人工髋关节置换术的疗效。[结果]全部病例获得随访,随访1~3年,术后髋关节功能明显改善,Harris评分由术前的43分提高到80.3分。[结论]人工髋关节置换术作为股骨转子间骨折失败的挽救性治疗措施,能恢复患肢功能。     

高龄股骨粗隆间骨折内固定失败分析及手术方式选择

目的:探讨老年股骨粗隆间骨折内固定失败的原因,评价采用人工髋关节置换治疗的效果。方法:对10例股骨粗隆间骨折失败的老年患者采用人工髋关节置换治疗,分别记录术前与术后Harris评分,术后随访拍摄髋部正、侧位X线片。结果:经10~16个月(平均14.8个月)的随访,未发现假体周围骨折、关节脱位、假体松动等并发症,下肢行走功能基本恢复到受伤前状态,Harris评分由术前平均34.5分恢复到末次随访时84.5分,优良率70%。结论:人工髋关节置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折内固定失败,疗效满意。     

人工髋关节置换术失败原因分析

目的 对人工髋关节置换术后失败的病例进行分析。总结经验，提高人工髋关节置换术的长期疗效。方法 １９９６年１１月～１９９９年４月共进行人工髋关节翻修手术３５例（３６髋），根据前次手术失败的原因进行分组并分析。结果 根据病例统计，在同一失败病例中，失败的原因往往不止一个，最常见的原因是假体松动、假体周围骨溶解，共２４例次，其次为人工股骨头引起髋臼磨损７例次，假体置入位置不良６例次，人工髋关节脱位３例次，术后感染３例次，假体股骨西柄断裂２例次。结论 人工髋关节置换术作为髋关节重建的一种有效的治疗方法而得到广泛的应用。其长期可靠的疗效与严格掌握手术指征，假体的适当选择和手术中正确操作有关。     

人工髋关节置换治疗内固定失败和高龄严重股骨粗隆间骨折

目的：探讨人工髋关节置换治疗高龄严重股骨粗隆问骨折和内固定失败病例疗效，初步总结分析此类手术的适应证及方法特点。方法：自1997年6月～2002年12月，收治股骨粗隆间骨折内固定失效8例，高龄严重粉碎移位股骨粗隆间新鲜骨折6例。采用全髋关节置换9例，双极人工股骨头置换5例，1例术中股骨近端骨折，加环抱器固定。结果：随访3个月～5年半，2例出现关节周围异位骨化，没出现感染、术后骨折、脱位、假体松动及血管栓塞等并发症，Harris评分，术前平均42分(24～56分)，术后平均86分(65～99分)。结论：股骨粗隆间骨折内固定失败及部分高龄严重移位股骨粗隆间骨折，人工髋关节置换是一种直接有效的治疗方法。     

Total endoprosthetic management of the hip joint after failed osteosynthesis of para-articular hip fracture

OBJECTIVE: Treatment of fractures of the proximal femur by open reduction and internal fixation is prone to complications and frequently requiring secondary joint replacement. The aim of the present study was to examine the results of total hip arthroplasty as a salvage procedure for failed internal fixation of femoral or acetabular fractures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 145 patients who had undergone 146 total hip arthroplasties for failed internal fixation of femoral (n = 135) or acetabular fractures (n = 11). Mean follow-up time after insertion of the hip endoprosthesis was 7.1 years (1.5-14.7 years). Patient evaluation included a history, clinical examination, and standard radiographs. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients had died, and 18 patients were lost to follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis with revision of the implants as the end-point demonstrated 85 percent survival after ten years. Using the Merle d'Aubigné rating system, we found good or excellent results in 85 percent of the cases. However, only 73.9 percent of the patients were satisfied with their result, and 40.9 percent still showed a positive Trendelenburg gait at follow-up. The perioperative mortality was 2.7 percent. Surgery-related femoral fractures or fissures were observed in 18 cases, and deep infections in four. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with data of patients who had undergone primary total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis in our department, the results reported here after secondary hip replacement are clearly inferior. Nonetheless, alloarthroplasty of the hip still is the most effective procedure after failed internal fixation for acetabular or proximal femoral fractures.     

Salvage of failed internal fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures

Most intertrochanteric hip fractures treated with internal fixation heal. If nonunion or early loss of fracture fixation occurs, treatment options include prosthetic replacement and revision internal fixation. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the results of revision internal fixation and bone grafting for salvage of failed internal fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures. Between 1981 and 2000, 20 patients with 20 intertrochanteric fractures who had initial internal fixation that failed were treated with revision open reduction and internal fixation and bone grafting. The mean age of the patients was 58 years (range, 21-86 years). The mean clinical followup was 27 months (range, 3-120 months), and mean radiographic followup was 22 months (range, 3-120 months). Eleven patients were treated with an angled blade plate (seven, 95 degrees; two, 90 degrees; one, 110 degrees; and one, Harris blade plate), five with a dynamic hip screw, three with a dynamic condylar screw, and one with a Zickel nail. Autograft bone was used in 17 patients and allograft bone was used in three patients. Nineteen of 20 nonunions healed (95%). Sixteen of the 19 patients who achieved healing reported no pain and three had mild pain (related to retained hardware); all were ambulatory. Two patients had perioperative complications (10%): one wound dehiscence, and one severe hyponatremia. In properly selected patients, revision internal fixation with bone grafting for failed open reduction and internal fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures can provide a high rate of union and good clinical results with a low rate of complications.     

Total hip arthroplasty following failed fixation of proximal hip fractures

Background:

Most proximal femoral fractures are successfully treated with internal fixation but a failed surgery can be very distressing for the patient due to pain and disability. For the treating surgeon it can be a challenge to perform salvage operations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term functional outcome and complications of total hip arthroplasty (THA) following failed fixation of proximal hip fracture.

Materials and Methods:

In a retrospective study, 21 hips in 20 patients (13 females and seven males) with complications of operated hip fractures as indicated by either established nonunion or fracture collapse with hardware failure were analysed. Mean age of the patients was 62 years (range 38 years to 85 years). Nine patients were treated for femoral neck fracture, 10 for intertrochanteric (I/T) fracture and two for subtrochanteric (S/T) fracture of the hip. Uncemented THA was done in 11 cases, cemented THA in eight hip joints and hybrid THA in two patients.

Results:

The average duration of follow-up was four years (2-13 years). The mean duration of surgery was 125 min and blood loss was 1300 ml. There were three dislocations postoperatively. Two were managed conservatively and one was operated. There was one superficial infection and one deep infection. Only one patient required a walker while four required walking stick for ambulation. The mean Harris Hip score increased from 32 preoperatively to 79 postoperatively at one year interval.

Conclusion:

Total hip arthroplasty is an effective salvage procedure after failed osteosynthesis of hip fractures. Most patients have good pain relief and functional improvements inspite of technical difficulties and high complication rates than primary arthroplasty.     

Diaphyseal locking hip arthroplasty for treatment of failed fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures

Between 1997 and 2004, 18 patients (8 men and 10 women, with a mean age of 73.2 years) with failed treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures underwent hip arthroplasty as salvage procedures at our institution. Cementless, 5/8-porous coated, 6-in. primary diaphyseal locking femoral stems were used. Prospective follow-up ranging from 2 to 5 years (mean, 37.1 months) showed improvement of hip function without prosthesis loosening. Complications included 1 case of postoperative infection, 2 cases of dislocation, and 2 cases of stem subsidence. The clinical results were satisfactory. The 5/8-porous coated, 6-in. cementless femoral stems could be used in the salvage procedures for failed fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures.     

人工髋关节置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆问骨折不愈合的临床疗效观察

目的分析及评价应用人工髋关节置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折内固定后骨折不愈合的临床疗效。方法 2006年2月-2011年11月,采用人工髋关节置换治疗股骨粗隆间骨折内固定后骨折不愈合患者36例,男16例,女20例,年龄71-87岁,平均（77.3±3.54）岁。内固定手术至行人工全髋置换时间为8-12个月,平均（7.5±1.69）个月。结果所有患者伤口均一期愈合,无感染、下肢深静脉血栓及神经损伤等并发症发生。36例患者均获得随访。平均随访时间（21±4.5）个月（6个月-5年）,随访期间无假体松动,感染的发生。末次随访Harris由术前的45-64分,平均（50±3.2）分,提高至83-92分,平均（87.6±1.73）分,前后比较具有统计学意义（t=43.573,P〈0.05）,患者末次随访时髋关节功能优于术前。结论人工髋关节置换术是治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折内固定后骨折不愈合的有效手段。     

Total hip replacement for acetabular fractures. Results in 121 patients operated between 1983 and 2003

Total hip replacement has an important role in the treatment of acetabular fractures. Immediate total hip arthroplasty is only indicated for some rare cases but late reconstruction is performed more frequently and may follow failed non-operative or operative treatment of the original acetabular fracture. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to determine the results of the use of total hip replacement for the treatment of acetabular fractures and to compare the results of the early and late reconstruction group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 121 acetabular fractures treated with total hip arthroplasty between 1983 and 2003 at the University Hospitals Gasthuisberg in Leuven, Belgium were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into two groups. In the "early reconstruction group" total hip arthroplasty was performed as primary treatment of the acetabular fracture. In the "late reconstruction group": total hip arthroplasty was performed following failed operative or non-operative treatment of the acetabular fracture. The indications for total hip arthroplasty and the surgical technique in both the early and late reconstruction group were compared. Secondly, complications were reviewed in both groups and a functional scoring system was applied for each patient. RESULTS: Primarily there was a significant difference in the age of the patient population of each group with a predominance for older patients in the early reconstruction group. Secondly, less revisions were performed in the early reconstruction group: 8% compared to 22% in the late reconstruction group. DISCUSSION: The results obtained in our patient groups were compared to the results found in literature by a Medline search. In general, our results were comparable to the results found in literature but a remarkable difference was found between different authors. CONCLUSION: Total hip replacement for acetabular fractures is rarely indicated in the acute phase. After failed treatment of an acetabular fracture, total hip replacement has to be considered as a salvage procedure. In both cases, one may not forget total hip arthroplasty is a severe intervention associated with a high number of complications.     

Bipolar prosthetic replacement for the management of unstable intertrochanteric hip fractures in the elderly

To promote early full weight-bearing and rapid rehabilitation, 20 elderly patients (average age, 82.2 years) with unstable intertrochanteric hip fractures were treated with a bipolar head-neck replacement. Seventeen patients had the prosthesis inserted as primary fracture management, and three, for salvage of failed internal fixation. The patients were ambulating with unrestricted weight-bearing at an average of 5.5 days after the operation. The bipolar design may permit conversion to a total hip arthroplasty without removal of the femoral component, and may reduce the risk of acetabular cartilage damage. By using the greater trochanter as a landmark for precise placement of the femoral head, correct limb length was restored.