原位杂交法检测视网膜色素上皮细胞炎前因子mRNA的表达

目的　观察视网膜色素上皮细胞 ( RPE)在炎性介质刺激下炎前因子 m RNA的表达 .方法　培养的人 RPE经IL - 1β ( 10μg· L- 1 )和脂多糖 ( 1m g· L- 1 )的刺激后 ,用生物素标记的寡核苷酸探针进行原位杂交 ,检测 RPE炎前因子IL - 1β,IL - 6,IL - 8和 TNF-α m RNA表达 .杂交结果使用图像分析法进行比较 .结果　原位杂交显示 RPE细胞质中均呈现浓淡不一的淡蓝色着色 ,胞核不着色 .其中 IL - 6m RNA在脂多糖刺激下染色较浅 ,增加脂多糖的剂量不能提高其表达 .图像分析显示在 IL - 1β ( 10μg· L- 1 )和脂多糖 ( 1m g· L- 1 )刺激下 ,RPE表达 IL - 6m RNA的吸光度分别为 10 8± 18和3 5± 14 ,二者之间有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1) .结论　在 IL - 1β和脂多糖刺激下 ,人 RPE可以表达炎前因子 IL - 1β,IL - 6,IL - 8和 TNF-α的 m RNA .     

围手术期胃癌患者IL-12监测及其意义

目的　探讨将胃癌患者术前、术后血清 IL - 12水平作为机体自主免疫功能状态的监测指标的可行性 .方法　收集本院 2 0 0 0 - 10 / 2 0 0 1- 12确诊为胃癌的连续住院病例 72例 ,按术后静脉支持治疗方案不同分为两组 ,分别于术前 1d、术后8d采血 .另外取同期消化性溃疡住院患者血清作为对照 .采用双抗体夹心 EL ISA法测定 IL- 12水平 ,用 DKT系列 m Ab间接荧光法由流式细胞仪测定 T淋巴细胞亚群 .结果　胃癌患者术后 8d CD4 + T淋巴细胞亚群测定 ,应用全胃肠外营养(TPN)组为 36 .81± 5 .37,较术前值 32 .11± 6 .5 2明显升高(P<0 .0 5 ) .术前血清 IL - 12水平两组分别为 (44 .8± 2 1.3)pg· m L- 1和 (43.2± 17.9) pg· m L- 1 ,较正常对照组 (10 9.5± 6 2 .9) pg· m L- 1 明显降低 (P<0 .0 1) ,术后 8d两组血清IL - 12水平不同程度升高 ,应用 TPN组为 (73.4± 18.6 ) pg·m L- 1 较术前明显升高 (P<0 .0 1) ,较非 TPN组水平 (5 2 .4±2 2 .4 ) pg· m L- 1明显升高 (P<0 .0 5 ) .结论　胃癌患者血清IL - 12水平较正常人低 ,术后随着机体免疫功能的恢复 ,血清IL - 12水平有所上升 .应用 TPN支持治疗有利于术后机体免疫功能恢复 ,IL- 12水平上升更明显 .血清 IL- 12水平可以作为胃癌术后机体免疫功能     

巨噬细胞调理液对视网膜色素上皮细胞合成单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的作用

目的　评价巨噬细胞调理液 ( MCM)对视网膜色素上皮 ( RPE)细胞合成单核细胞趋化蛋白 - 1( MCP- 1)的作用 .方法　在培养的人 RPE细胞的培养液中加入 2 0 0 m L· L- 1培养人巨噬细胞调理液 ( MCM) ,培养 2 ,4 ,8,16,2 4和 4 8h后 ,对培养的细胞进行免疫组化和原位杂交 ,用 Western blot检测培养的上清液中 MCP- 1的含量 .同时在培养液中加入地塞米松 ( 10 - 8,10 - 7和 10 - 6 mol· L- 1 )和道诺霉素 ( 2 ,2 0和2 0 0 mg· L- 1 )重复上述实验 ,观察在此条件下 MCM对MCP- 1合成的作用 .结果　 2 0 0 m L· L- 1 MCM培养条件下RPE细胞 2 h时已检测出分泌的 MCP- 1并在 16h达到较高水平 .同时原位杂交和免疫组化在细胞中检测到 MCP- 1的表达 .加入地塞米松 ( P<0 .0 1)和道诺霉素 ( P<0 .0 5 )后 ,MCP- 1的分泌水平明显降低 ,其中地塞米松对 MCP- 1合成的抑制作用大于道诺霉素 .结论　 MCM刺激 RPE细胞产生MCP- 1,而 MCP- 1对巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞有较强的趋化作用 ,这种循环相互作用的过程对增生性玻璃体视网膜病变的发生可能有重要的作用 .在视网膜脱离后尽早使用地塞米松可能对抑制增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变有作用 .     

皮炎湿疹患者外周血单个核细胞分泌Th1/Th2细胞因子水平检测及意义

目的　探讨 Th1 / Th2细胞因子水平变化在皮炎湿疹发病机制中的作用 .方法　收集 48例皮炎、湿疹患者外周血 ,用 Ficoll- Hypaque分离单个核细胞 ,采用夹心 EL ISA方法检测单个核细胞培养上清中的细胞因子 IFN- γ,(γ-干扰素 ) ,IL - 4(白细胞介素 - 4) ,IL - 1 0 (白细胞介素 ) .结果　皮炎、湿疹组患者 IFN- 水平高于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,其浓度(μg· L- 1)分别为 6 7.7± 2 7.3和 6 5 .2± 2 9.9,对照组浓度(μg· L- 1)为 1 5 .9± 8.2 ;IL- 4水平低于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,皮炎湿疹组浓度 (μg· L- 1)分别为 3 5 .6± 8.9和41 .6± 1 1 .8,对照组浓度 (μg· L- 1)为 85 .2± 2 2 .1 ;IL- 1 0水平在两组间无显著差异 ,皮炎湿疹组浓度 (μg· L- 1)分别为76 3 .3± 1 42 .2和 789.9± 1 3 1 .6 ,对照组浓度 (μg· L- 1)为72 9.6± 1 6 8.5 .结论　 Th1型细胞因子在皮炎湿疹的发生发展中起重要的作用     

妊高症患者外周血及胎盘组织内细胞因子和一氧化氮水平的变化

目的　了解妊高症患者外周血和胎盘组织内细胞因子及 NO水平的变化及意义 .方法　采用酶联免疫吸附法及镀铜镉还原法 (Griess法 )分别检测 47例妊高症患者外周血及胎盘组织内白细胞介素 - 6 (IL- 6 ) ,白细胞介素 - 8(IL- 8) ,肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及一氧化氮 (NO)水平 ,30例正常妊娠妇女作对照 .结果　妊高症外周血组 IL - 6 ,IL - 8及 TNF-α水平分别为 (86± 33) ,(10 1± 2 5 )及 (2 97± 6 6 ) pg· L- 1 ,均显著高于对照组 (31± 11) ,(5 7± 13) ,(16 4± 42 ) pg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ;妊高症轻、中、重 3组间水平差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ,妊高症胎盘组织内 IL- 6 ,IL- 8及 TNF- α水平分别为 (119±35 ) ,(135± 33)及 (390± 85 ) pg· L- 1 ,显著高于外周血 (P<0 .0 1) .而妊高症外周血及胎盘组织内 NO水平分别为 (84±2 7)及 (2 9± 15 ) pmol· L- 1 ,均显著低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,轻、中、重 3组间 NO水平差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ,妊高症患者胎盘组织内 NO水平明显低于外周血 (P<0 .0 1) .结论　妊高症患者体内产生过多的 IL - 6 ,IL - 8,TNF-α及 NO含量降低 ,可能与妊高症的发病过程关系密切 .     

Graves病患者治疗前后细胞因子的变化

目的　测定 Graves病 (GD)患者血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF- α)、白细胞介素 1(IL- 1)、白细胞介素 2 (IL- 2 )、白细胞介素 6 (IL - 6 )的水平及在抗甲状腺药物治疗过程中的变化 .方法　 32例 GD患者在确诊时、治疗约 6周和 6月时用放射免疫法测定血清 TNF- α,IL- 1,IL- 2 ,IL- 6 ,TSH,TT3,TT4的水平 . 2 5例年龄与性别相匹配的健康志愿者作为正常对照 .结果　 1与正常对照组相比 ,TNF- α在缓解前明显降低 (1.0 1± 0 .18)μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,缓解中开始升高(1.2 7± 0 .19)μg· L- 1 ,缓解后继续升高 (1.42± 0 .17)μg·L- 1 ,但仍低于正常对照组 (1.6 9± 0 .15 ) μg· L- 1 ;IL- 1,IL-6在缓解前明显升高 (0 .39± 0 .0 9)μg· L- 1 ,(1.79± 0 .2 1)μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ,缓解中即降低 (0 .2 8± 0 .0 7) μg· L- 1 ,(1.5 1± 0 .19) μg· L- 1 ,缓解后 (0 . 2 1± 0 . 0 7) μg· L- 1 ,(1.40± 0 .2 1)μg· L- 1 与正常对照组 (0 .2 0± 0 .0 6 )μg· L- 1 ,(1.41± 0 .16 )μg· L- 1 无显著差异 ;IL - 2在缓解前明显降低(4 .2± 1.2 ) μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ,缓解中即升高 (5 .0± 1.7)μg· L - 1 ,缓解后 (6 .1± 2 .7) μg· L- 1与正常对照组 (6 .3± 2 .3)μg· L- 1无显著     

IL-1β对精氨酸升压素诱导大鼠心脏成纤维细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的　探讨白介素 - 1β(IL- 1β)对基础状态下和精氨酸升压素 (AVP)介导的新生 SD大鼠心脏成纤维细胞 (CFs)增殖的影响 .方法　以培养的新生 SD大鼠 CFs为实验模型 ,采用 3 H- Td R掺入法、MTT比色法和流式细胞仪细胞周期分析技术 ,分别观察 IL- 1β对基础状态下及 AVP介导 CFs的DNA合成、CFs数目和细胞周期的影响 .结果　 1在基础状态下 ,10 5U· L- 1 IL - 1β组每 5 0 0 0个细胞的 3 H- Td R掺入值为 (70± 14)· min- 1 ,显著低于空白对照组 (117± 32 )·min- 1 ,(P<0 .0 5 ) ;10 5U· L- 1 IL- 1β组 MTT比色法测定的吸光度 (A490 nm)值为 0 .14± 0 .0 1,显著低于空白对照组 (0 .16± 0 .0 1,P<0 .0 5 ) ;10 5U· L- 1 IL - 1β组 CFs增殖指数 (PI)为 (18.82± 0 .19) % ,较空白对照组 (4 0 .98± 0 .5 4) %显著降低 (P<0 .0 1) . 2 10 - 7m ol· L- 1 AVP组每 5 0 0 0个细胞的 3 H-Td R掺入值为 (2 43± 6 1.30 )· min- 1 ,MTT比色法 A490 nm值为 0 .2 4± 0 .0 1,PI为 (4 6 .5 6± 1.44 ) % ,均显著高于空白对照组 (分别 P<0 .0 5 ,P<0 .0 1,P<0 .0 1) . 3IL- 1β以浓度依赖方式使 10 - 7mol· L- 1 AVP介导的 CFs3 H- Td R掺入值降低 ,其中 1.0× 10 5U· L- 1 IL - 1β,2 .0× 10 5U· L-     

龈沟液中IL-1β和IL-1ra水平及其与牙周临床指标的关系

目的　探讨白细胞介素 - 1β(IL- 1β)和白细胞介素 - 1受体拮抗剂 (IL- 1ra)的相互关系 ,及其与牙周临床指标 ,牙周炎发生发展的关系。方法　采用双抗体夹心 EL ISA法检测了 30颗临床牙周健康牙和 4 3颗牙周炎患牙龈沟液 (GCF)中 IL - 1β和 IL - 1ra的水平。用标准化的滤纸条采集观察牙的 GCF样本 ,记录牙龈指数 (GI)、牙周袋探诊深度 (PPD)和临床附着丧失 (CAL)。结果　 1临床牙周健康牙组 GCF中 IL- 1β的水平为 (6 1.891± 2 0 .719)pg/ m l,明显低于慢性牙周炎患牙组 (2 2 4 .4 0 2± 87.4 16 ) pg/ m l;健康牙组 IL - 1ra的水平为 (739.4 10± 2 4 9.12 1)ng/ m l,明显高于患牙组 (36 6 .72 2± 10 4 .188) ng/ ml;健康牙组 10 4 IL- 1β/ IL- 1ra的值为 0 .85 7± 0 .375 ,明显低于患牙组 6 .813± 0 .375 ,以上三个指标均有统计学差异 (P<0 .0 0 0 1)。 2经相关性分析 ,GCF中 IL - 1β的水平与 IL - 1ra的水平呈负相关关系 ;慢性牙周炎患牙 GCF中 IL- 1β的水平与 GI、PPD和 CAL 均呈正相关关系 ,IL- 1ra的水平与GI呈负相关关系 ,10 4 IL- 1β/ IL- 1ra的值与 GI、PPD和 CAL 均呈正相关关系。 3探诊出血 (BOP)阳性患牙组 GCF中 IL - 1β的水平和 10 4 IL - 1β/ IL - 1ra的值明显高于 BOP阴性     

IL-1β和IL-2对大鼠脑片视上核神经元膜电特性的影响

目的　研究细胞因子 IL- 1β和 IL- 2对大鼠视上核(supraoptic nucleus,SON )神经元膜电特性的影响 ,并探讨其细胞机制 .方法　采用脑片全细胞膜片钳记录技术 ,分别在电流钳和电压钳状态下记录大鼠 SON神经元的膜电位和全细胞电流 .结果　 10 0 0 0 0 U· L- 1 的 IL - 1β可使大鼠 SON神经元超极化 (3.4± 1.3) m V,且伴自发放电频率下降 ,在电压钳状态下可记录到一外向电流 ;10 0 0 0 0 U· L- 1 的 IL - 2可使大部分 SON神经元超极化 (2 .9± 1.2 ) m V,伴自发放电频率下降 ,电压钳状态下可记录到一外向电流 .结论　细胞因子 IL - 1β和 IL - 2可抑制大鼠 SON神经元的膜电活动 .     

慢性乙型肝炎患者干扰素α治疗后T淋巴细胞亚群及细胞因子变化

目的 :探讨干扰素 α(赛若金 )治疗慢性乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疗效与机体免疫状态的关系。方法 :采用抗体致敏的红细胞花环试验及双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定 ( ELISA)大剂量干扰素α治疗前后乙肝患者 T淋巴细胞亚群 CD4+ 、CD8+ 及 CD4+ /CD8+ 、IL - 1 0、IL- 1 2、TNF-α含量。结果 :干扰素 α治疗前 T淋巴细胞亚群 CD4+、CD8+、CD4+ /CD8+比值及 IL- 1 0、IL- 1 2和 TNF- α含量分别为 ( 39.91± 4.5 2 ) %、( 34.1 3± 4.2 4 ) %、( 1 .1 3± 0 .1 2 ) %及 ( 30 .61± 1 1 .2 1 ) pg· L-1 、( 5 8.1 2± 1 3.5 2 ) pg· L-1 和 ( 2 65 .83± 60 .63) pg· L-1 ,治疗 6个月后治疗有效组分别为 ( 4 3.1 2±4.31 ) %、( 30 .81± 5 .1 3) %、( 1 .41± 0 .1 1 ) %及 ( 1 6.5 1± 8.63) pg·L-1 、( 92 .93± 2 1 .5 2 ) pg·L-1 、( 1 2 6.92± 5 3.83) pg·L-1。结论 :大剂量干扰素 α治疗后慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒免疫状态明显增强。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.