股薄肌移植肛门括约肌功能重建的临床进展

采用肌肉移植代替括约肌行原位肛门成形术能够改善肛门失禁患者的生存能力和生活质量。股薄肌位于大腿最内侧,部位隐蔽、便于切取、血管固定、供血丰富、神经支配单一,用于重建肛门括约肌功能的效果良好。现对股薄肌移植重建肛门括约肌功能的临床进展作一综述。     

电刺激股薄肌肛门成形术

保护和恢复对大便的控制能力一直是肛肠外科需要解决的问题，现腹会阴联合直肠癌切除永久结肠造瘘和肛门失禁依然困扰人类健康，电刺激股薄肌肛门成形术是一种新的术式，本文就其手术相关问题进行综述。     

永久性结肠造口患者造口影响状况及其影响因素分析

目的调查永久性结肠造口对患者生活影响的状况并分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料调查问卷以及造口影响评分对218例永久性结肠造口患者进行问卷调查。结果218例永久性结肠造口患者中54.6%认为永久性结肠造口对其生活的影响大,其中对患者影响最大的是造口异味以及造口袋渗漏。多因素回归分析结果显示年龄(OR=1.137,P<0.001)、每日清理造口次数(OR=1.438,P=0.015)、术后时间(OR=0.789,P<0.001)以及是否与造口护士有规律联系(OR=0.098,P=0.002)为造口影响评分的影响因素。结论永久性结肠造口对患者生活影响较大,医护人员应在临床对老年患者予以更多关注,帮助患者形成规律的排便习惯,加强出院后患者的延续性护理服务并为患者提供专业支持,从而减少造口影响,提高患者的生活质量。     

电刺激股薄肌成形术治疗大便失禁

电刺激股薄肌成形术治疗大便失禁ＲｏｓｅｎＨＲ，ｅｔａｌ．ＩｎｔＪＣｏｌｏｒｅｃｔＤｉｓ，１９９４；９：１８４股薄肌吊带法因为它不能产生持续的神经性强直性收缩，故应用效果不佳。如不断刺激，使肌肉的快抽搐易疲劳的纤维变为慢抽搐抗疲劳的纤维，则可达到目的。...     

移行皮瓣成形术治疗结肠造口狭窄

目的探讨手术治疗结肠造口狭窄的新方法并初步评价其效果。方法采用移行皮瓣成形术治疗10例结肠造口狭窄病人。结果10例病人均解除梗阻症状,造口恢复正常排便功能,随访1~2年无狭窄再发生。结论移行皮瓣成形术治疗结肠造口狭窄方法简单,效果良好。     

带蒂肠管浆肌层片做内括约肌带蒂股薄肌做外括约肌的原位肛门成形术

低位直肠癌采用Miles手术已有近90年历史,但永久性人工肛门给患者带来很大不便,不少病人因此而拒绝手术。从1991年3月至1993年3月我们对九例低位直肠癌病人采取Miles手术大块切除,然后用降结肠或乙状结肠做直肠,用股薄肌做外括约肌,用肠管浆肌层片做内括约肌的肛门原位再造成形术。手术效果满意。     

股薄肌代肛门括约肌治疗外伤性大便失禁一例

1　病例介绍　　患者　男 ,2 3岁。因坠落时锐器刺伤肛门 1小时入院。检查 :截石位肛门左侧壁有一长 8cm伤口 ,深达左坐骨结节 ,骶尾骨中段。肛门右后壁有一约 5 cm× 6 cm深裂口 ,两处伤口均有活动性出血 ,肛门括约肌无收缩力。诊断 :1肛门直肠损伤 ;2失血性休克。在全身麻醉下行乙状结肠单口造瘘 ,肛周软组织清创缝合术。术中大量大便涌出 ,污染伤口 ,于肛门旁伤口内置引流条 2根 ,术中、术后抗休克、抗感染等治疗。术后会阴部伤口感染 ,伤后第 9天体温达 39.6℃ ,白细胞计数 2 4.8× 10 9/ L,经局部换药、支持等治疗伤口逐渐愈合 ,但肛…     

造口定位及健康教育在预防永久性结肠造口旁疝中的作用

目的:研究造口定位及健康教育在预防永久性结肠造口旁疝中的作用.方法:术前造口定位,按阶段采取多种方式进行讲解预防造口旁疝知识的健康教育.结果:随访2年无一例造口旁疝的发生,大大提高了患者的生活质量.结论:造口定位及健康教育对预防和减少造口旁疝的发生率有十分重要的意义.     

永久性结肠造口患者心理一致感水平调查分析

目的了解永久性结肠造口患者心理一致感水平,为提高患者生活质量提供依据。方法采用一般资料调查表、疾病相关资料调查表和心理一致感量表对300例永久性结肠造口患者进行问卷调查。结果患者心理一致感平均得分为(68.02±9.43)分;男性得分显著高于女性,患者的心理一致感水平与其家庭人均月收入、造口自理水平、造口知识水平呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论永久性结肠造口患者心理一致感水平受多种因素的影响,女性、收入低、造口知识缺乏的患者应成为干预的重点。     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

目的建立一种新型的结肠癌原位移植模型—结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型。方法对不同的BALB／C nu／nu裸鼠分别进行皮下结肠癌细胞接种和进行结肠造口,将皮下形成的肿瘤制成细胞悬液后种植在造口处,待肿瘤生长至5mm时使用氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）腹腔注射。观察肿瘤生长、淋巴结转移及肿瘤的病理情况。结果10只造口成功的裸鼠全部生长出肿瘤,5只5-Fu处理组裸鼠的生存时间为（15.2±3.7）周,未处理组生存时间为（12.3±2.8）周,差异有统计学意义（P=0.001）。处理组中1例发现淋巴结转移,而未处理组有2例淋巴结转移（P=0.49）。病理检查：造口处生长的肿瘤皆为低分化癌,肠系膜淋巴结处为转移性肿瘤。结论结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型是一种便于观察、可以反复取样且肿瘤生物学特性符合结肠癌的理想模型。     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.     

结肠造口结肠癌原位移植模型的建立

Objective To establish a colorectal cancer colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model. Methods A colostomy was preformed in BALB/C nu-nu nude mice. After two weeks, when the stoma healed, tumor tissues developed from Lovo cells were implanted into the submucosa of the stoma. When tumor grew up to 5 nun, fluorouracil(5-FU, 20 mg/kg) was administrated by intraperitoneal injection. Tumor developed at the colostomy was observed and its biological characteristics and behaviour were evaluated. Results Colostomy was performed in 10 mice and stoma healed at two weeks. Ten colostomies developed detectable tumor in two to three weeks. Three to five weeks later, the tumors grew up to 5 mm. Survival time of mice injected with 5-FU was (15.2±3.7) weeks (ranged: 11-21 weeks), and the survival time of the no-treantment group was (12.3±2.8)weeks (ranged:9-19 weeks). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The rate of mesenteric metastasis was 1/5 and 2/5 in the treatment and no-treatment group respectively. Conclusion Colostomy orthotopic transplantation mice model is an ideal mice model with the advantages of having high success rate, visualization of implanted tumor in living animal, long survival time and significant tumor response to common chemotherapeutic agent.