口腔刺激和非营养性吸吮对早产儿经口喂养表现的干预效果

目的探讨口腔刺激和非营养性吸吮单独使用和联合使用对早产儿经口喂养表现的影响。方法按照简单随机化分组的方法,将122例早产儿随机分为4组,其中非营养性吸吮组28例,在管饲喂养期间,喂养前、喂养后各给予安慰奶嘴吸吮5 min,7~8次/d;口腔刺激组29例,在管饲喂养前15 min进行12 min的口腔刺激,1次/d;非营养性吸吮和口腔刺激联合使用组33例,在管饲喂养之前15 min进行12 min的口腔刺激和3 min的非营养性吸吮,1次/d;对照组32例,接受新生儿重症监护室喂养护理常规。记录4组早产儿从开始经口喂养过渡到完全经口喂养所需要的时间,并对4组早产儿的喂养表现进行测定。结果非营养性吸吮组、口腔刺激组和两者联合使用组从管饲喂养过渡到完全经口喂养所需要的过渡时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但均小于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);开始经口喂养时,非营养性吸吮组、口腔刺激组和两者联合使用组之间喂养效率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但均高于对照组(P0.05);达到完全经口喂养时,两者联合使用组早产儿喂养效率高于对照组(P0.05),其他3组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);开始经口喂养时,两者联合使用组的喂养成效和摄入奶量比高于对照组,差具有统计学意义(P0.05),其他3组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);达到完全经口喂养时,4组早产儿的喂养成效和摄入奶量比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论口腔运动干预能够缩短早产儿从开始经口喂养过渡到完全经口喂养所需要的时间,能够增加喂养效率,非营养性吸吮和口腔刺激联合使用有助于喂养成效和摄入奶量比的提高。     

实施喂养管理对晚期早产儿喂养效果的研究

目的探讨对晚期早产儿实施喂养管理的效果。方法将208例晚期早产儿分为观察组和对照组各104例,对照组按常规护理,观察组在常规喂养基础上实施喂养管理干预:评估吸吮-吞咽-呼吸协调能力,准确评估是否需要喂养;首次喂养后,每日抚触两次。结果观察组呕吐次数、腹围、恢复出生体质量时间、住院天数和喂养不耐受、呕吐、腹胀、胃潴留发生率均低于对照组(P0.01或P0.05)。结论对晚期早产儿实施喂养管理可以减少喂养不耐受,提高喂养成功率,促进晚期早产儿生长发育,值得临床推广。     

直接母乳喂养与母乳奶瓶喂养对极早早产儿生命体征稳定性的影响

目的 探讨新生儿家庭病房中直接母乳喂养与母乳奶瓶喂养对极早早产儿生命体征稳定性的影响。方法选取2020年3-10月收治的50例极早早产儿为研究对象,采用自身对照研究,在24h内分别记录1次直接母乳喂养和1次母乳奶瓶喂养的情况,连续5d。比较2种喂养方式时早产儿体温、心率、呼吸、血氧饱和度、喂养并发症。结果2种喂养方式不同时间点早产儿体温、血氧饱和度、呼吸、心率在时 间 效 应 上 比 较,差 异 均 有 统 计 学 意 义(F_时间 =277.510,P<0.001;F时间 =12.039,P=0.001;F时间 =11.077,P=0.002;F时间 =20.241,P<0.001);2组体温的组间效应比较,差异有统计学意义(F_组间 =12.237,P=0.001),2种喂养方式不同时间点早产儿体温、血氧饱和度在交互效应上比较,差异有统计学意义(F_交互 =39.497,P<0.001;F_交互 =31.415,P<0.001);直接母乳喂养吸氧例数和呼吸暂停例数均少于母乳奶瓶喂...     

Examining the correspondence of breastfeeding and bottle-feeding couples' infant feeding attitudes

Examining the correspondence of breastfeeding and bottle-feeding couples' infant feeding attitudes This report focuses on the comparison of infant feeding attitudes within breastfeeding (n = 126) and bottle-feeding (n = 101) couples and their socio-demographic details. The findings from this study reinforce the view that socio-demographic factors are associated with the mothers' choice of feeding method. However, this study highlights the influence of maternal and of paternal knowledge and attitudes which distinguish between breastfeeding and bottle-feeding couples. Fathers of bottle-feeding babies were found to have limited knowledge of health benefits of breastfeeding to both mothers and infants. However, bottle-feeding mothers, when compared with their partners, were more supportive towards bottle feeding and less negative towards breastfeeding. Fathers of breastfeeding babies, compared with their partners were found to be less aware of the benefits of breastfeeding. Furthermore, breastfeeding mothers when compared with their partners were more supportive towards breastfeeding. Fathers of both bottle and breast feeding babies were also found to be more embarrassed than their partners about mothers in general breastfeeding in front of nonfamily members. It seems that bottle-feeding mothers and all fathers could be better prepared in many aspects of breastfeeding by the nursing professions to allay the many misconceptions and the social embarrassment associated with breastfeeding, by providing appropriate information and support.     

1例鼻饲过程中病情突变导致护理纠纷引发的思考

通过案例分析,得出告知不详、医护患三者没有进行良好的沟通是引起护理纠纷的原因。提出医务人员依法、及时、有效地收集具有法律效力的证据,使医护患三者之间建立良好的沟通,切实履行告知义务及医患沟通制度,可以有效地预防或减少护理纠纷的发生。     

护理干预对重型颅脑损伤行气管切开患者鼻饲过程误吸的影响

目的探讨护理干预对重型颅脑损伤行气管切开患者鼻饲过程误吸的影响。方法选择2008年1月-2011年2月本科室重型颅脑损伤行气管切开鼻饲患者70例,随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各35例。对照组采用鼻饲常规护理,干预组在此基础上进行护理干预,包括增加胃管插入长度,鼻饲时抬高床头,改进鼻饲液的量、速度和温度等,比较两组患者鼻饲过程返流、误吸、窒息以及吸入性肺炎的发生率。结果干预组患者返流、误吸、窒息以及吸入性肺炎的发生率低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论对重型颅脑损伤行气管切开患者鼻饲过程实施有效的护理干预措施,能降低患者鼻饲过程返流、误吸及窒息的发生率,预防肺部并发症,提高患者的护理质量。