带尾孔针缆与线缆环扎治疗髌骨骨折疗效比较

目的比较带尾孔针缆及线缆环扎固定治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法 40例髌骨骨折患者中18例为采用带尾孔针缆系统治疗(针缆组),22例为采用线缆环扎固定治疗(线缆组)。结果手术时间:针缆组为40～56 min,线缆组为42～53 min,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);愈合时间:针缆组骨折为(10±2)周,线缆组为(14±2)周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。针缆组随访10～17(12.00±4.34)个月,线缆组随访12～20(16.46±2.82)个月。参照Bostman标准评价疗效:针缆组优15例,良3例;线缆组优14例,良6例,差2例;两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后均未发生感染,无针脱出、断裂、线缆断裂、滑移、软组织刺激等并发症。结论带尾孔针缆系统治疗髌骨骨折较线缆环扎固定牢固,术后骨折愈合时间短,患膝功能恢复好。     

两种线缆不同内固定方法治疗髌骨骨折疗效比较

目的探讨采用带尾孔针缆及线缆固定两种不同方法治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法选取40例髌骨骨折,其中18例行带尾孔针缆系统治疗(针缆组),22例行线缆环扎固定治疗(线缆组)。参照Bostman标准评价两组的临床疗效。结果针缆组手术时间为40.15~56.52 min,与线缆组的42.22~53.21 min比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);针缆组骨折愈合时间(10±2)周短于线缆组(14±2)周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);针缆组获随访(12.00±4.34)个月,Bostman评分优良率100.0%;线缆组随访(16.46±2.82)个月,Bostman评分优良率90.9%,两组优良率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术后无一例发生感染。结论采用带尾孔针缆系统治疗髌骨骨折具有固定牢固、并发症少、术后骨折愈合时间短、患膝功能恢复好等优点,值得推广应用。     

跟骨锁定钢板与克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折的病例对照研究

目的:比较跟骨锁定钢板与克氏针张力带固定治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法:2009年12月至2017年12月收治髌骨骨折患者58例,按照手术方式不同,分为跟骨锁定钢板内固定组(钢板组)和克氏针张力带固定组(张力带组)。钢板组29例,男14例,女15例,年龄18～72 (36.9±11.5)岁;张力带组29例,男17例,女12例,年龄20～70 (37.7±14.4)岁。观察两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、随访时间及并发症率,并于术后12个月采用B觟stman评分评价比较术后临床疗效。结果:钢板组随访时间(18.4±2.6)个月,张力带组随访时间(17.8±3.6)个月,两组比较差异无统计学意义(t=2.045,P=0.546);术后12个月B觟stman评分,钢板组(28.5±4.6)分,张力带组(25.7±4.3)分,两组B觟stman评分比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.395,P=0.020);钢板组优26例,良3例;张力带组优14例,良11例,差4例,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.17 P=0.02)。两组患者手术时间(t=1.978,P=0.53)、术中出血量(t=1.740,P=0.87)、骨折愈合时间(t=0.65,P=0.517)及并发症(χ~2=0.268,P=0.604)比较差异无统计学意义。结论:跟骨锁定钢板治疗髌骨骨折具有适用更广,固定更牢靠等优点,临床疗效优于克氏针张力带。     

带孔克氏针横向固定结合钛缆荷包缝合治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折难复性骨折块的疗效分析

目的:探讨采用带孔克氏针横向固定结合钛缆荷包缝合治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折难复性骨折块的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年1月采用带孔克氏针横向固定结合钛缆荷包缝合治疗的17例髌骨粉碎性骨折患者,其中男10例,女7例;年龄28～67(48.7±3.2)岁;骨折按OTA/AO系统分型均为34-C3.2型。观察患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后膝关节首次锻炼时间及术后并发症情况,术后10个月根据B觟stman髌骨骨折功能评分对其功能恢复进行评定。结果:17例患者术后获得随访,时间10～24 (14.6±2.1)个月。所有患者伤口甲级愈合,骨折临床愈合时间11.7～16.5(12.7±1.7)周。手术时间67～95(71.4±11.5) min,术中出血量41～72(57.0±7.5) ml,术后首次关节功能锻炼时间2～5(2.2±1.7) d。术后无针尾穿破皮肤及克氏针松动滑脱、针尾痛性滑囊炎,无钛缆脱套、断裂等并发症发生。术后10个月B觟stman髌骨骨折功能评分28.15±1.74,其中优秀12例,良好4例,失败1例。结论 :带孔克氏针横向固定结合钛缆荷包缝合治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折难复性骨折块具有手术操作简单、关节面解剖复位好、内固定牢靠、并发症少的优势,值得临床推荐。     

髌骨固定针与克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折的病例对照研究

目的:比较髌骨固定针联合张力带钢丝与克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾2010年11月至2012年1月采用髌骨固定针及克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折42例。髌骨固定针组21例,男14例,女7例,年龄26～65岁,平均43.6岁;克氏针组21例,男12例,女9例,年龄32～58岁,平均41.5岁。观察两组的手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间,并根据Bstman评价标准比较两组术后疗效。结果:所有患者获随访,时间6～14个月,平均11.5个月。两组骨折均愈合良好,无不愈合、感染等并发症。根据Bstman评价标准,两组疗效差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.83,P=0.407)。两组手术时间比较差异有统计学意义(t=6.670,P=0.000),术中出血量、骨折愈合时间差异无统计学差异(t=1.900,P=0.064;t=0.612,P=0.544)。结论:两组患者均取得满意疗效,但髌骨固定针联合张力带钢丝治疗髌骨骨折操作更简单,手术时间更短,固定牢固,并发症少,术后膝关节功能恢复好,是治疗髌骨骨折的有效方法之一。     

经皮穿刺克氏针钢丝张力带固定术治疗髌骨骨折

目的:探讨经皮穿刺克氏针钢丝张力带固定术治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾2001年7月以来采用经皮穿刺克氏针钢丝张力带固定术治疗23例髌骨骨折,男13例,女10例;年龄最大76岁,最小19岁,平均36.5岁。骨折分型:横行骨折12例,斜行骨折4例,粉碎性骨折7例。手术时间为伤后1周内完成。结果:本组23例均获得随访,随访时间6~72个月。随访内容包括:术后骨折复位情况、骨折愈合时间、膝关节活动范围、是否膝关节疼痛,及术后是否出现骨折移位、骨不连、感染及创伤性关节炎等并发症。根据Merchan临床评分标准,结果为:优16例,良7例。结论:经皮穿刺克氏针钢丝张力带固定术治疗髌骨骨折是一种微创手术,具有创伤小、恢复快及美观等特点,同时能提供髌骨骨折早期活动足够强度,膝关节功能恢复满意。     

3种张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效.方法 空心螺钉钢丝张力带固定治疗髌骨骨折21例,克氏针张力带固定治疗髌骨骨折32例,钢丝张力带固定治疗髌骨骨折44例,术后采用Lysholm膝关节功能评分标准予以评价.结果 97例骨折均获得随访,随访时间12～24个月,平均15个月.空心螺钉钢丝张力带固定组优16例,良4例,可1例,优良率95％;克氏针张力带固定组优15例,良13例,可3例,优良率87.5％;钢丝张力带固定组优18例,良14例,可10例,差2例,优良率72.7％.空心螺钉钢丝张力带固定组膝关节功能恢复程度优于克氏针张力带固定组与钢丝张力带固定组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 空心螺钉钢丝张力带治疗髌骨骨折,膝功能恢复佳,生物力学固定牢靠,是治疗髌骨骨折的有效方法之一.     

聚髌器与克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨聚髌器与克氏针张力带治疗髌骨骨折的监床疗效.方法 自2000年1月～2006年10月,用聚髌器内固定治疗髌骨骨折148例(B组),克氏针张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折108例(A组),对骨折复位程度,关节活动度及膝关节功能进行分析.结果 经10个月～7.5年的随访,骨折愈合时间6～12周.术后10～26个月取出内固定,无内固定松动、再骨折及创伤性关节炎等并发症.监床疗效评定采用张春才等疗效评定标准定及Lysholm膝关节评分标准:A组优良率76.9%,B组优良率92%.结论 聚髌器治疗髌骨骨折的临床效果明显优于克氏针张力带.     

经皮空心钉钛丝张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折疗效分析

目的观察经皮空心钉钛丝张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的手术疗效。方法对40例髌骨骨折分别采用空心钉钛丝张力带(26例横形、纵形骨折)、克氏针钢丝张力带(6例严重粉碎性骨折)、髌骨爪(8例一般粉碎性骨折)固定治疗。结果40例术后均获随访6个月~4年。26例空心钉钛丝张力带固定者骨折平均愈合时间2.5个月,术后膝关节功能按陆裕朴等提出的标准评定:优20例,良5例,可1例,优良率96.2%;6例克氏针钢丝张力带固定者骨折平均愈合时间6.0个月,术后膝关节功能:优3例,良2例,可1例,优良率83.3%;8例髌骨爪固定者骨折平均愈合时间5.4个月,术后膝关节功能:优6例,良1例,可1例,优良率87.5%。结论经皮空心钉钛丝张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折是一种有效的方法,创伤小、功能恢复快,尤其适用于横形、纵形髌骨骨折。     

髌韧带编织缝合联合克氏针钢丝张力带内固定治疗髌骨下极骨折疗效观察

目的 观察髌韧带编织缝合联合克氏针钢丝张力带内固定治疗髌骨下极骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2018-01-2020-01采用髌韧带编织缝合联合克氏针钢丝张力带内固定治疗44例间接暴力导致的髌骨下极骨折,末次随访时采用B(o)stman髌骨骨折评分评定疗效.结果 44例均获得随访,随访时间平均12.4(6～18)个月....     

Cable-Pin系统在髌骨骨折治疗中的应用

目的探讨应用Cable-Pin系统内固定治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法2005年8月～2006年3月,利用Cable-Pin系统选择性治疗髌骨骨折32例,均为含有横断型的闭合性髌骨骨折患者。其中男23例,女9例;年龄24～75岁,平均45岁。切开复位后,纵行在髌骨关节面下尽可能平行拧入2根钢缆的螺丝钉部分(顺向或逆向),以使两个主要骨折块间获得纵向加压。然后在髌骨远端(或近端)横行钻一骨隧道,用钢缆穿过隧道,在髌骨前方“8”字结扎。用专用器械收紧钢缆,以专用固定夹扣将钢缆固定。如果骨折不够稳定可以将钢缆继续环绕髌骨,最后再用一个固定央扣将钢缆固定。结果32例患者获得2～9个月随访,平均7个月。伤口均一期愈合,无感染发生。骨折全部愈合。无退针、钢缆松脱和皮肤刺激等并发症发生。以Bostman髌骨骨折疗效评分标准进行评分:优30例,良2例,优良率为100％。结论Cable-Pin系统对骨折固定牢固可靠,术后并发症发生率低,是治疗横断型髌骨骨折的一种理想新选择。     

Patella rings for treatment of patellar fracture

To evaluate a new fixation technique for patellar fracture using patella rings. A total of 75 patients (average age of 51.3 years) with comminuted or transverse patellar fractures were treated by fixation with patella rings. The Böstman scores at the time of bone union and at 12 months postoperatively were recorded, as was the degree of pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS), the range of motion of the knee at 12 months postoperatively, and any signs of postoperative complications. The average Böstman scores for patients in the transverse fracture group were 25.2 and 29.4 at 3 and 12 months postoperatively, respectively, while the scores for patients in the comminuted fracture group were 27.6 and 28.7, at the same time points. Böstman scores were graded as excellent and good in more than 90 % for patients with either a transverse or comminuted fracture. At the time of 12 months after surgery, the VAS score for patients with comminuted fractures was 0.38, whereas the score for patients in the transverse fracture group was 0.35. No statistically significant difference was found in the range of motion between the affected and uninjured knee at 12 months after surgery for patients in both groups (P > 0.05). This new fixation technique using a patella ring resulted in good outcomes for both transverse fracture and comminuted fracture and is beneficial for patients wishing to commence early functional activity.     

Patellar fixation protected with a load-sharing cable: a mechanical and clinical study

The stability of patellar fracture fixation protected with a load-sharing cable was studied in cadavers. A transverse patellar osteotomy was produced and stabilized with standard patellar fixation with or without a figure-of-eight cable that extends from the proximal pole of the patella to the tibial tubercle. Standard fixation techniques (interfragmentary cancellous screws or modified tension-band wiring) alone failed after significantly fewer cycles of flexion and extension than did the same fixation when supplemented with a load-sharing cable. In the clinical evaluation of the load-sharing cable, 14 consecutive patients with displaced patellar fractures were treated. No immobilization was used and the patients were started on passive and active range of motion and weight-bearing ambulation in the early postoperative period. Thirteen fractures healed uneventfully. The increased stability of patellar fracture fixation protected with a load-sharing cable offers three advantages: (a) adjunctive casting is unnecessary, (b) comminuted fractures can be "pieced" together anatomically with less concern for loss of fixation, and (c) early postoperative passive and active range of motion can be achieved.     

双环10号线环扎并分体式髌骨爪治疗髌骨粉碎骨折

目的:观察双环10号线环扎并分体式髌骨爪治疗髌骨粉碎骨折的临床疗效。方法:自2004年6月至2011年6月,采用双环10号线环扎并分体式髌骨爪治疗髌骨粉碎骨折86例,其中男48例,女38例;年龄19～75岁,平均42.5岁;左侧52例,右侧34例。86例患者均为粉碎性骨折,3个骨折块者25例,4个骨折块者32例,4个以上骨折块者29例。手术时间40～70 min。所有病例术后根据B觟stman等髌骨骨折疗效评价标准进行评分。结果:86例全部得到随访,时间3个月～6年,平均3.5年。B觟stman评分总平均分(27.65±2.05)分,优78例,良8例。结论:双环10号线环扎并分体式髌骨爪治疗髌骨粉碎骨折具有手术简单、复位良好、固定稳定的优点,可早期进行锻炼,关节功能恢复满意。     

Factors affecting the outcomes of modified tension band wiring techniques in transverse patellar fractures

IntroductionModified tension band wiring has been widely used to treat transverse patellar fractures. However, few studies have evaluated the clinical outcomes using different methods of Kirschner wire bending, location of the tension band, and depths of Kirschner wires. Thus, we tried to clarify these factors according to our clinical outcomes.Patients and methodsThis retrospective cohort study recruited consecutive patients underwent surgical fixation for patellar fractures using modified tension band technique between January 2010 and December 2015. Different factors in this procedure, including the bending manner of the Kirschner wires, their depth, and location of the tension band with respect to the superior and inferior border of the patella were recorded and analysed. The primary outcome was early loss of fixation. The secondary outcomes were minor loss of reduction, implant breakage, deep infection, and the need for implant removal.ResultsThis study included 170 patients with patellar fractures. Regarding the bending method, similar results were obtained with bilaterally or proximally bent Kirschner wires. Regarding length, the tension band was placed closely (within 25% of the patella length) in 124 patients and distantly in 46 patients. The rates of loss of reduction and implant breakage were significantly higher in the distantly placed tension bands. Regarding depth, 37 patellar fractures were fixed with the Kirschner wires at the superficial one third of the patellae while the K- wires at the middle layer of patella were used in the remaining 133 patellar fractures. A significantly higher rate of minor loss of reduction was obtained using the superficial Kirschner wires.ConclusionThe modified tension band technique for transverse patella fractures provides favourable clinical outcomes, with low failure (5%) and infection (2%) rates. Implant irritation is the major complication, and almost half of cases require implant removal. The location of the tension band with respect to the superior and inferior border of the patella plays an important role in clinical outcomes. Placing the wire close to the patella may prevent major loss of reduction and implant breakage. Superficially placed Kirschner wires also affect clinical outcomes by increasing the rate of minor loss of reduction.     

双滑轮结合缝线桥技术治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折

目的：探讨双滑轮结合缝线桥技术治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法 ：2018年1月至2020年6月采用双滑轮结合缝线桥技术治疗15例髌骨下极粉碎性骨折患者,其中男9例,女6例,年龄28～68(42.4±9.6)岁。患者伤后均有明显膝关节疼痛及活动受限,均行膝关节X线和CT检查,明确为髌骨下极粉碎性骨折。术后定期拍摄膝关节X线片了解骨折愈合情况并测量Insall-Salvati指数,记录关节活动度,并采用Bostman评分系统评价术后膝关节功能。结果：15例患者均获得随访,随访时间7～24(11.4±4.2)个月,无明显膝前痛病例。末次随访时患肢膝关节活动度为105°～140°（128.5±12.8）°,Insall-Salvati指数为0.79～1.12 (0.92±0.18)。X线片提示髌骨均骨性愈合,未见锚钉脱落、断裂及骨折块移位等情况。Bostman髌骨骨折功能评分（27.85±2.06）分,优13例,良2例。结论：双滑轮技术结合缝线桥技术治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折复位固定可靠,术后患者可早期开始功能锻炼。     

镍钛形状记忆合金蟹爪式聚髌器的研制及生物力学研究

目的　研究一种治疗髌骨骨折的新的内固定方法。　方法　根据国人髌骨的统计数据 ,采用镍钛形状记忆合金制做蟹爪式聚髌器 ,并进行生物力学研究。　结果　对髌骨横行骨折 ,蟹爪式聚髌器的固定作用明显优于改良张力带钢丝固定 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;对髌骨粉碎性骨折 ,聚髌器的固定作用亦明显优于环形钢丝固定 (P <0 .0 0 1)。　结论　蟹爪式聚髌器设计符合髌骨的解剖和生物力学特点 ,其对髌骨骨折的固定强度可满足临床应用之需要。     

Netzwerkpartner Arbeitstherapeut im Rehabilitationsmanagement

Due to the functional importance of the patella, accurate reduction and rigid fixation of patellar fractures are required. Tension band wiring has long been the standard treatment of these fractures, but there are several problems associated with this technique, e.g. loosening of the wires, fracture dislocation and poor outcome. Another possibility in the treatment of transverse patellar fractures is screw fixation. Although this technique ensures stable osteosynthesis, anatomical reduction is often problematic, especially in comminuted fractures. A good option in the treatment of (comminuted) patellar fractures is the newly designed locking patella plate, which combines anatomical reduction and stable osteosynthesis. In biomechanical tests the plate provided a more stable fixation of the patellar fracture and showed higher mechanical strength compared to classic tension band wiring. The first clinical applications achieved optimal fracture reduction. No complications have occurred to date following the use of the plate. Thus the patella plate represents a good option in the treatment of patellar fractures.     

Complete exposure of the articular surface for fixation of patellar fractures

Anterior tension band fixation constructs are among the mainstay of treatment of patella fractures and lead to reliable results with simple transverse fracture patterns. However, comminuted fractures of the patella require much more extensive articular reconstruction than interdigitating two large fragments to achieve a good result. In this report, we describe a technique for exposure, reduction, and stabilization of patella fractures that allows for direct visual reduction of the articular surface. Subsequent devices are applied directly to the bony surfaces of the patella without soft-tissue interposition, which distinguishes it from traditional approaches. This technique may be used to ensure articular surface congruity in simple transverse fractures and may be particularly useful in comminuted fractures when patellar excision would otherwise be considered.     

Treatment of Patellar Lower Pole Fracture with Modified Titanium Cable Tension Band Plus Patellar Tibial Tunnel Steel “8” Reduction Band

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of modified titanium tension band plus patellar tendon tunnel steel 8 “reduction band” versus titanium cable tension band fixation for the treatment of patellar lower pole fracture. Materials and Methods: 58 patients with lower patella fracture were enrolled in this study, including 30 patients treated with modified titanium cable tension band plus patellar tibial tunnel wire “8” tension band internal fixation (modified group), and 28 patients with titanium cable tension band fixation. All patients were followed up for 9～15 months with an average of 11.6 months. Results: Knee flexion was significantly improved in the modified group than in the titanium cable tension band group (111.33 ± 13 degrees versus 98.21 ± 21.70 degrees, P = 0.004). The fracture healing time showed no significant difference. At the end of the follow-up, the improvement excellent rate was 93.33% in the modified group, and 82.14% in the titanium cable tension band group. Titanium cable tension band internal fixation loosening was found in 2 cases, including 1 case of treatment by two surgeries without loose internal fixation. Conclusions: The modified titanium cable tension band with “8” tension band fixation showed better efficacy for lower patella fractures than titanium cable tension band fixation.