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胸外心脏按压机制探讨 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
目的:探讨临床心跳骤停病人行胸外按压时的血流动力学机制。方法:13例使用Swan-Ganz导管和有创血压监测的危重病人在的吸收心跳停止后给予高浓度吸氧,并持续胸外按压(频率80~170次/min),心肺复苏,分段测血流动力学指标,结果:1.心排量(0.98~4.18L/min,平均2.34±1.19L/min)在按压的前1~3min内呈先升后降变化;2.所测各处右房压,肺动脉压,外周动脉压不等,心 相似文献
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与胸外心脏按压同时和非同时机械通气对心肺复苏影响的比较 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的:探讨与胸外心脏按压同时和非同时机械通气在心肺复苏中应用的效果。方法:将12例心跳呼吸骤停患者随机分为与胸外心脏按压同时控制机械通气组和与胸外按压非同时手控机械通气组。采用控制通气模式机械通气与持续循手胸外心脏按压同时进行;后者采用手控通气模式机械通气(MAMV)与间断徒手胸外心脏按压非同时配配合进行心肺复苏,胸外心脏按压每5次后暂停1次,在暂停间期给予MAMV1次,之后通气与按压依此比例进行。2组均进行无创动脉血压、心电、经皮氧饱和度(SpO2)、潮气量(VT)、气道峰压(Ppeak)等监测。结果:与胸外心脏按压非同时手控机械通气组的SpO2、VT均明显高于与胸外心脏按压同时模式通气组的SpO2和VT,P均<0.05;而peak则明显低于后者,P<0.05;2组的平均动脉压无显著差别。结论:与胸外心脏按压非同时手控机械通气在提高SpO2、VT,降低Ppeak,恢复窦性心律及提高心肺复苏成功率等方面明显优于与胸外心脏按压同时控制机械通气。 相似文献
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心肺复苏时胸内心脏按压术探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本组104例胸内心脏按压术的心脏复跳,呼吸恢复和脑复苏率分别为89%、61%、29%,其血流动力学效应优于胸外心脏按压术。心脏按压的三种方法中,以单手压向胸骨法的左右心室受力均衡,同时排空血液,心脏保持原位,有利于静脉血回流,故值得推荐。 相似文献
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何忠杰 《中华急诊医学杂志》1998,7(6)
目的:探讨临床心跳骤停病人行胸外按压时的血流动力学机制。方法:13例使用Swan-Ganz导管和有创血压监测的危重病人在呼吸心跳停止后给予高浓度吸氧,并持续胸外按压(频率80~170次/min)心肺复苏,分段测血流动力学指标。结果:1.心排量(0.98~4.18L/min,平均2.34±1.19L/min)在按压的前1~3min内呈先升后降变化;2.所测各处右房压、肺动脉压、外周动脉压不等,心脏灌注压为5.60±6.80/0.80±1.87(平均压2.00±3.33)kPa。由于收缩压差大,舒张压差小,故按压期可能为心脏的灌注期;3.心排量在按压频率100~150次/min范围可获得较高心排量,高频率的作用在于使胸壁、胸腔、大血管(动脉、静脉)、心腔之间产生了最佳的频率共振,达到了较理想的心排量,可能最佳胸外按压频率在120~140次/min之间,能有2倍于常规频率(80~100次/min)的能量传递;4.肺循环阻力(PVR)大于外周循环阻力(SVR),右心室功(RVW)及右室每搏功(RVSW)下降幅度小于左心室功(LVW)、左室每搏功(LVSW),说明胸外按压更多影响在肺循环和右心腔部分。结论:胸外心脏按压在高频率时存在频率共振机制,最佳的共振频率可能在120~140次/min。 相似文献
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目的探讨细化心肺复苏( CPR)流程,对CPR的除颤期及气管插管期胸外按压中断时间的影响。方法依据2010 CPR指南,制定细化CPR的除颤期及气管插管期的CPR流程,缩短CPR过程中胸外按压中断时间。选择2012-08~2013-11间124例心脏骤停患者为试验组,实施细化的除颤期及气管插管期CPR流程。选择2011-04~2012-07间122例心脏骤停患者为对照组,实施常规CPR流程。对两组患者CPR胸外按压中断时间、自主循环恢复时间、自主循环恢复率、72 h生存率及28 d生存率、28 d神经功能预后CPC评分进行回顾性对比分析。结果两组患者CPR的除颤期胸外按压中断时间及气管插管期胸外按压中断时间、自主循环恢复时间、自主循环恢复率、28 d生存率及28 d神经功能预后CPC评分各项指标比较均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者72 h生存率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论细化CPR流程,可缩短CPR的除颤期及气管插管期胸外按压中断时间,有效提高CPR成功率。 相似文献
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目的 探讨心电监护下胸外按压对院内心脏骤停(CA)心肺复苏(CPR)效果的影响.方法 2009-06~2011-02浙江省台州市恩泽医疗中心(集团)路桥医院40例院内心脏骤停患者随机分为常规组与心电监护组.复苏人员均经培训2005年国际心肺复苏指南.常规组复苏人员自行控制胸外按压,心电监护组复苏人员在直视心电监护[主要看心电图(ECG)和脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)波形]下进行胸外心脏按压.两组胸外按压时均2 min轮换按压人员,观察两组复苏人员的每人次胸外心脏按压频率、每人次患者平均动脉压(MAP)、每人次有效按压时间比例.结果 常规组共按压171人次,心电监护组共按压158人次;常规组按压频率、MAP、有效按压时间比例与心电监护组比较差异有统计学意义[(118±16) 次/min vs(108±8)次/min,(78±15)mm Hg vs(86±13)mm Hg,(86±3.6)%vs(94±4.5)%,P均<0.05],心电监护组每人次按压频率低于常规组,且更接近指南中的100次/min,每人次患者MAP及有效按压时间均高于常规组(P<0.05).结论 心电监护下胸外按压可以提高院内心脏骤停患者的按压效果,值得临床推广. 相似文献
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徒手胸外心脏按压复苏法的进展 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
心肺复苏 ( CPR)自创立至今 ,已走过了漫长而曲折的道路 ,其方法和机制经过众多实验及临床研究人员的共同努力 ,已取得了很大的进展。现将其发展趋势综述如下。1 标准 CPRKouwenhoven〔1〕于 196 0年报告 ,有节律地按压动物胸骨可产生动脉压搏动 ,并在长时间心室纤颤后使用闭胸电除颤成功 ,首创胸外心脏按压复苏法救治心性猝死成功。它以掌根部挤压胸骨中下段 ,使胸骨下陷 3~ 4( 5 ) cm,频率为 6 0~ 80 ( 10 0 )次 / min,并相继与 PeterSafar发表的口对口呼吸相配合。当时认为有节律地按压胸骨可使胸骨与脊柱间的心脏被挤压 ,关闭房… 相似文献
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目的:探讨紧急床边气管内心脏起搏在心肺复苏中的成功率。方法:对50例心跳骤停患者紧急行改良气管导管插管,插管成功后即行气管内心脏起搏。结果:50例中41例有起搏信号,起搏成功率为82%,28例临床有效,临床有效率为56%,其中21例复苏成功,复苏成功率为42%。结论:紧急床边气管内心脏起搏设备、操作简单,不影响胸外按压和进行其它急救措施,是抢救心跳骤停的一种有效措施。 相似文献
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目的:探讨脑复苏与心肺复苏开始时间、早期除颤、病发场所、年龄、通气方式等相关因素临床意义.方法:回顾性分析我科2005年12月-2010年12月因心跳骤停行心肺复苏(CPR)283例的临床资料.结果:283例中心肺脑复苏成功41例,心肺脑复苏成功率与心跳骤停发生场所(院内、院外),CPR开始时间、早期电除颤、气道通气方式、年龄等因素相关.结论:开始心肺复苏时间越早,自主循环恢复时间愈快,GCS评分愈高. 相似文献
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126例心跳骤停心肺复苏临床分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的:探讨急诊抢救心跳骤停的程序及方法,以便提高心肺复苏成功率。方法:回顾性分析126例在急诊抢救心跳骤停患者的临床资料,分析抢救程序及方法对心肺复苏的影响。结果:126例患者中31例复苏成功,63例复苏有效,32例复苏无效。结论:心肺复苏抢救成功与开始抢救时间、胸外按压方法、抢救药物及仪器的合理应用有密切关系。 相似文献
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Alexandria J. Robbins Nicholas E. Ingraham Adam C. Sheka Kathryn M. Pendleton Rachel Morris Alexander Rix Victor Vakayil Jeffrey G. Chipman Anthony Charles Christopher J. Tignanelli 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2021,61(4):770-780.e1
ContextOne fundamental way to honor patient autonomy is to establish and enact their wishes for end-of-life care. Limited research exists regarding adherence with code status.ObjectivesThis study aimed to characterize cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) attempts discordant with documented code status at the time of death in the U.S. and to elucidate potential contributing factors.MethodsThe Cerner Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) outcomes database, which includes 237 U.S. hospitals that collect manually abstracted data from all critical care patients, was queried for adults admitted to intensive care units with a documented code status at the time of death from January 2008 to December 2016. The primary outcome was discordant CPR at death. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify patient-level and hospital-level associated factors after adjustment for age, hospital, and illness severity (APACHE III score).ResultsA total of 21,537 patients from 56 hospitals were included. Of patients with a do-not-resuscitate code status, 149 (0.8%) received CPR at death, and associated factors included black race, higher APACHE III score, or treatment in small or nonteaching hospitals. Of patients with a full code status, 203 (9.0%) did not receive CPR at death, and associated factors included higher APACHE III score, primary neurologic or trauma diagnosis, or admission in a more recent year.ConclusionAt the time of death, 1.6% of patients received or did not undergo CPR in a manner discordant with their documented code statuses. Race and institutional factors were associated with discordant resuscitation, and addressing these disparities may promote concordant end-of-life care in all patients. 相似文献
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目的:探讨程序化复苏在心肺复苏(Cardiopulmonaryresuscitation,CPR)中的应用效果。方法:设定CPR程序化操作步骤及用药参考,比较程序化CPR与传统CPR的恢复自主循环(Returnofspontaneouscirculation,ROSC)率及ROSC稳定时间,生存率,复苏即刻及24h格拉斯哥昏迷评分(Glasgowcomascale,GCS)。结果:程序化复苏组与对照组在ROSC率、ROSC稳定2h率的比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),在ROSC稳定24h率、生存率及24hGCS的比较差异性显著(P<0.05)。结论:程序化CPR与传统CPR比较可提高CPR效果。 相似文献
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目的:研究血管加压素在院前心肺复苏(CPR)中的疗效。方法:在103例心脏骤停患者中随机分为3组,标准肾上腺素组(A组)38例,血管加压素组(B组)34例,肾上腺素+血管加压素组(C组)31例,各组分别观察自主循环恢复率、24h存活率、出院存活率、脑复苏率、自主循环恢复时间及复苏后心肌酶变化。结果:B组(44%)、C组(42%)自主循环恢复率明显高于A组(16%),B组(38%)、C组(39%)24h存活率也明显高于A组(13%),C组出院存活率(23%)高于A组(8%)、B组(12%);脑复苏率3组无差异;B组、C组自主循环恢复时间明显短于A组;复苏后心肌酶变化3组无差异。结论:在心肺复苏期间应用血管加压素比用肾上腺素可明显提高自主循环恢复率、24h存活率,缩短自主循环恢复时间,与肾上腺素联合应用还可提高出院存活率。 相似文献
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目的:观察干细胞动员剂粒细胞集落刺激因子(G—CSF)与AMD3100对复苏后大鼠心功能的影响。方法:建立窒息法心肺复苏动物模型,56只sD大鼠随机分为单纯复苏组、G—CSF组、AMD3100+G—CSF组和假手术组。观察恢复自主循环(ROSC)大鼠的复苏后生存率,复苏后3d与6d取材,通过CK—MB、dp/dt40与-dp/dt40测定评估心功能,采用WesternBlot法检测心肌组织SDF一1蛋白的表达。结果:G—CSF组与单纯复苏组大鼠在复苏后24h、3d、6d的存活率无显著差异,在复苏后3d,AMD3100+G—CSF组、G—CSF组及单纯复苏组大鼠的血清CK—MB显著高于假手术组,而dp/dt40与-dp/dt40则均低于假手术组,但三组间无显著性差异。在复苏后6d时,各组CK—MB,ap/dt40与-dp/dt40之间无统计学差异。G—CSF组、单纯复苏组大鼠心肌组织SDF-1蛋白表达与假手术组比较无显著差异。结论:干细胞自体动员未能显著提高心肺复苏后ROSC大鼠的存活率,对复苏后大鼠的心功能无明显影响。 相似文献
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Objective: To review the history of external abdominal compression as an adjunct to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), tracking the development of five major themes over the course of the 20th century: 1) augmentation of peripheral resistance by physical means, 2) risk of hepatic injury with abdominal compression, 3) counterpulsation vs sustained compression, 4) the abdominal pump mechanism, and 5) contact compression techniques.
Methods: Literature retrieved from successive MEDLINE English-language searches was reviewed with a special emphasis on work and concepts highlighted by participants at the First Purdue Conference on Interposed Abdominal Compression-CPR, September 1992.
Results: External abdominal compression of one form or another has been studied as a means of resuscitation by many investigators throughout the 20th century. Experimental and clinical studies have shown generally consistent evidence of hemodynamic augmentation by abdominal compression during various forms of CPR. Recent advances include a modified theoretical understanding of hemodynamic mechanisms and demonstration of clinical potential in humans. Inconsistencies in published results may be due to differences in mechanical techniques of abdominal compression. Based on these studies, a modified manual technique for "contact compression" of the abdominal aorta is recommended.
Conclusions: A technique for left-of-center, angled compression of the abdominal aorta against the crest of the spine is recommended. Further well-supervised and controlled clinical trials using this standardized technique are warranted as a prelude to more widespread clinical application of abdominal compression in CPR. 相似文献
Methods: Literature retrieved from successive MEDLINE English-language searches was reviewed with a special emphasis on work and concepts highlighted by participants at the First Purdue Conference on Interposed Abdominal Compression-CPR, September 1992.
Results: External abdominal compression of one form or another has been studied as a means of resuscitation by many investigators throughout the 20th century. Experimental and clinical studies have shown generally consistent evidence of hemodynamic augmentation by abdominal compression during various forms of CPR. Recent advances include a modified theoretical understanding of hemodynamic mechanisms and demonstration of clinical potential in humans. Inconsistencies in published results may be due to differences in mechanical techniques of abdominal compression. Based on these studies, a modified manual technique for "contact compression" of the abdominal aorta is recommended.
Conclusions: A technique for left-of-center, angled compression of the abdominal aorta against the crest of the spine is recommended. Further well-supervised and controlled clinical trials using this standardized technique are warranted as a prelude to more widespread clinical application of abdominal compression in CPR. 相似文献
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目的:探讨心肺复苏(CPR)时联用肾上腺素、垂体后叶素的疗效。方法:58例心跳停搏的患者随机分为肾上腺素标准剂量组(对照组)28例和联合使用肾上腺素、垂体后叶素(治疗组)30例;分别观察自主循环恢复率及恢复时间,24h存活率及出院存活率。结果:对照组、治疗组自主循环恢复率分别为21%、63%,自主循环恢复时间分别为20.3±4.2min、8.2±2.2min;24h存活率分别为14%、40%;出院存活率分别为7%、30%。治疗组的自主循环恢复率、24h存活率、出院存活率明显高于对照组,治疗组的自主循环恢复时间明显短于对照组。结论:联合应用肾上腺素、垂体后叶素比单独使用标准剂量的肾上腺素能显著提高心跳骤停的自主循环恢复率、24h存活率、出院存活率,缩短自主循环恢复时间。 相似文献