钢板预置关节镜复位技术(PART)治疗桡骨远端骨折

目的 研究使用钢板预置关节镜复位技术(PART)治疗桡骨远端骨折,将腕掌侧锁定钢板技术与腕关节镜有效结合,提高C型桡骨远端骨折(AO分型)的治疗效果.方法 自2009年2月～2011年7月使用PART技术对13例桡骨远端C型骨折进行手术治疗,行桡骨远端骨折切开复位后予克氏针及预置掌侧锁定钢板临时固定骨折,在腕关节镜下对关节面处骨折行进一步复位,满意后用钢板螺钉将骨折完全固定.结果 桡骨远端关节面台阶移位及水平移位均在2 mm内.掌倾角0～15°,平均13.4°,尺偏角17～26°,平均22.3°.桡骨远端高度无短缩.采用Gartland和Werley评分标准对腕关节功能进行评价:优8例,良4例,中1例.结论 PART技术治疗桡骨远端C型骨折,将腕掌侧锁定钢板技术与腕关节镜有效简便结合,提高了关节面骨折复位水平,骨折固定坚强,可早期进行腕关节功能锻炼,临床效果优异.     

掌侧钢板固定治疗不稳定的背侧移位桡骨远端骨折

[目的]初步探讨掌侧钢板（locking compression plate，LCP）固定治疗不稳定、背侧移位桡骨远端骨折的方法及其效果。[方法]回顾性分析掌侧LCP结合克氏针撬拨、植骨等技术治疗不稳定、背侧移位桡骨远端骨折35例，比较研究手术前后掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩及关节活动范围等，初步评价其临床疗效。[结果]经随访9-24个月（平均17个月），掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩均获明显改善，腕关节功能按Sarmiento标准评定，优20例、良12例、可2例、差1例。[结论]对不稳定、背侧移位桡骨远端骨折，掌侧LCP是一种安全有效的治疗方法，可有效防止复位丢失、减少结构性植骨、避免肌腱激惹等并发症。     

掌侧锁定接骨板结合背侧支撑钢板固定治疗不稳定的背侧移位桡骨远端骨折

[目的]初步探讨掌侧锁定加压钢板(locking compression plate,LCP)结合背侧支撑钢板固定治疗不稳定、背侧移位桡骨远端骨折的方法及其效果。[方法]回顾性分析掌侧LCP结合背侧1/4管型钢板固定治疗不稳定、背侧移位桡骨远端骨折23例,比较手术前后掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩及关节活动范围等,初步评价其临床疗效。[结果]经随访13~24个月(平均15个月),掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩均获明显改善,腕关节功能按Sarmiento标准评定,优18例、良5例。[结论]对不稳定、背侧移位桡骨远端骨折,掌侧LCP结合背侧支撑钢板固定是一种安全有效的治疗方法,可有效防止复位丢失,获得较为满意的腕关节功能。     

掌侧锁定加压接骨板(LCP)治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折

目的报告切开复位锁定加压接骨板(LCP)内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的效果及其评价。方法2002年4月～2004年5月,对46例桡骨远端不稳定性骨折采用掌侧入路切开复位LCP内固定进行治疗。其中14例做了植骨,12例术后用掌侧石膏托支持。结果术后所有患者随访6～30个月(平均21个月),所有骨折均愈合。桡骨远端的掌倾角平均9.7°;尺偏角平均21.3°;桡骨短缩≥2mm4例,其余皆<2mm;关节面移位均<1mm。用改良的Gartland和Werley评分系统评估腕关节功能,优32例,良11例,中2例,差1例;优良率为93.5%。结论切开复位掌侧LCP内固定是治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折的有效方法,辅以植骨能有效防止关节面塌陷和促进骨折愈合。     

掌侧锁定加压接骨板治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折

目的评价切开复位锁定加压接骨板（LCP）内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折的效果。方法对21例桡骨远端不稳定性骨折采用掌侧入路切开复位LCP内固定治疗。其中5例做了植骨。结果21例均获随访,时间6～19（13．0±3．9）个月,患者骨折均愈合。桡骨远端的掌倾角平均9．6°±3．7°;尺偏角平均21．4°±2,3°;桡骨短缩≥2mm2例,其余皆〈2mm;关节面移位均〈1mm。用改良的Gartland和Werley评分系统评估腕关节功能：优14例,良5例,中1例,差1例。结论切开复位掌侧LCP内固定是治疗桡骨远端不稳定性骨折的有效方法,辅以植骨能有效防止关节面塌陷和促讲骨折愈合。     

掌侧锁定加压钢板治疗背侧不稳定桡骨远端骨折的临床研究

目的初步探讨掌侧锁定加压钢板(LCP)固定治疗背侧不稳定桡骨远端骨折的方法及其效果。方法回顾性分析掌侧LCP结合克氏针撬拨、植骨等技术治疗背侧不稳定桡骨远端骨折35例,比较研究手术前后掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩及关节活动范围等,初步评价其临床疗效。结果经随访9～24个月(平均17个月),掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩均获明显改善,腕关节功能按Sarmiento标准评定:优20例,良12例,可2例,差1例。结论对背侧不稳定桡骨远端骨折,掌侧LCP是一种安全有效的治疗方法,可有效防止复位丢失、减少结构性植骨、避免肌腱激惹等。     

掌侧锁定加压钢板与外固定支架治疗不稳定桡骨远端C型骨折的比较研究

目的比较研究掌侧锁定加压钢板（LCP）与外固定支架固定治疗不稳定桡骨远端C型骨折的疗效及适应证。方法2000年1月-2006年6月分别采用外固定支架和掌侧LCP结合克氏针撬拨、植骨等技术治疗不稳定桡骨远端C型骨折61例（85侧），骨折按AO／ASIF分型：C1型28侧，C2型33侧，C3型24侧。其中掌侧LCP治疗组34侧，外固定支架固定组51侧。比较两组手术前后掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩及关节活动范围等，初步评价其临床疗效。结果所有患者经6～27个月（平均16个月）随访。掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨短缩及关节面均获明显改善。腕关节功能按Gartland—Werlev标准评定，C1、C2型骨折LCP组优于外固定支架组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；C3型骨折两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论对于掌侧或背侧不稳定的C1、C2型桡骨远端骨折，掌侧LCP可提供有效固定及早期活动；背侧不稳定的C型桡骨远端骨折是外固定支架的最佳适应证；严重粉碎的C3型骨折（尤其掌侧不稳定者）应联合运用LCP和外固定支架等技术。     

掌侧入路掌桡侧双钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折

目的探讨应用掌侧入路掌桡侧双钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的方法和疗效。方法自2009-06—2012—02采用掌侧入路行骨折复位,掌桡侧双钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折16例。结果术后随访时间8—26个月,平均14个月,X片示所有骨折均愈合,平均掌倾角10°,尺偏角24．2°。依Gartland—Werley评分标准：优9例,良6例,可1例。结论掌侧入路掌桡侧双钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折显露充分、操作简单、效果可靠,尤其适用于伴桡骨茎突移位和骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的治疗,是治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的有效方法。     

桡骨远端骨折术后临床随访及功能恢复不良的分析

目的 回顾性研究金属接骨板固定不稳定桡骨远端骨折的临床效果和功能恢复不良的影响因素分析.方法 对80例(81侧)桡骨远端骨折内固定术后的患者进行随访,平均年龄为59.9岁,平均随访时间为27.2个月.骨折按AO分型:A3 21侧,B1 1侧,B2 1侧,B3 4侧,C1 19侧,C2 24侧,C3 11侧.随访内容包括腕关节疼痛VAS评分,腕关节的主动活动范围,Gartland and Werley评分以及放射学评价.结果 术后腕关节完全无痛64例,轻度疼痛13例,中度疼痛3例,没有发现对疼痛产生影响的因素.腕关节平均掌屈47.5°,背伸61.4°,桡偏21.7°,尺偏34.0°,旋前81.3°,旋后63.0°.共有20侧腕关节的主动活动范围不能达到功能要求.C型骨折显著影响关节的活动范围.按Gartland and Werley评分,优良率为98.8%.放射学检查:腕关节平均掌倾角7.8°,尺偏角24.5°,桡骨高度+2.8 mm;按影像学评分,优良率为91.3%.结论 切开复位金属接骨板内固定治疗不稳定桡骨远端骨折可以获得较好的临床效果.完善术后康复治疗方案可以更好地提高治疗效果.     

T形钢板内固定结合外固定架治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折

目的探讨T形钢板内固定结合外固定架治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法9例桡骨远端骨折,按AO分型:B型2例,C型7例。均采用切开复位T形钢板内固定结合外固定架手术治疗。术后随访桡骨长度、掌倾角、尺偏角、腕关节活动范围。结果9例分别随访6～12个月,平均8个月。所有患者均达到解剖复位,骨折愈合良好。按照Gartland与Werley评分标准,优8例,良1例。术后腕关节活动范围背伸平均为45°,掌屈为54°,尺偏为88°,桡偏为27°;前臂旋前为88°,旋后为82°。所有病例均无内固定松动、骨折移位、针道感染、肌腱损伤等并发症。结论切开复位T形钢板内固定可良好维持骨折处对位对线,恢复关节面的平整;结合外固定架可以防止术后骨折再塌陷,维持桡腕关节间隙正常位置,保护早期功能锻炼,是治疗桡骨远端骨折的有效方法。     

掌侧入路斜T形钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折

目的探讨掌侧入路斜T形钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效。方法对25例桡骨远端不稳定骨折采用掌侧入路斜T形钢板内固定并植骨治疗。结果 25例均获得随访,时间6～18个月。X线片显示骨折全部愈合。根据Gartland-Wefley腕关节评分标准进行评估:优18例,良5例,可2例。结论对于桡骨远端不稳定骨折,采用掌侧入路斜T形钢板内固定辅以植骨,既能使骨折复位、固定满意,又有利于术后早期手和腕部的功能康复锻炼,是治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折的有效方法。     

Volar fixation of dorsally displaced distal radius fractures using the 2.4-mm locking compression plates

PURPOSE: To determine whether volar fixed-angle plate fixation with a new plate system could be used to treat dorsally unstable distal radius fractures. We hypothesized that volar fixed-angle plate fixation with or without radial styloid fixed-angle plate fixation would provide sufficient rigidity to allow early active range of motion without compromising fracture reduction. The initiation of early active motion may improve functional outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of one institution's initial experience using a new volar fixed-angle plate system to treat dorsally displaced intra-articular and extra-articular distal radius fractures. Thirty-two fractures in 32 patients with dorsally displaced distal radius fractures were treated with a volar fixed-angle plate with or without a radial styloid fixed-angle plate. Fractures were classified using the AO classification. Radiographic parameters on preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up radiographs were compared. The time to initiation of active range of motion was determined. Final follow-up ranges of motion and complications were reported. Finally, comparisons were made between the 23 fractures treated with a volar plate alone and the 9 fractures treated with a volar plate and a radial styloid plate. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 13 months. Two thirds of the fractures were intra-articular. Average loss of reduction from initial postoperative to final follow-up radiographs was 0 degrees of volar tilt, 1 degrees of radial inclination, and 0 mm of radial length. Active wrist and forearm ranges of motion were initiated at an average of 11 days after surgery. The final follow-up flexion-extension and pronation-supination arcs averaged 112 degrees and 151 degrees , respectively. The 9 fractures treated with the combination of a fixed-angle volar plate with a fixed-angle radial styloid plate had greater initial displacement than did the 23 fractures treated with a volar plate alone. Otherwise, differences between the 2 groups were not significant. Only 1 radial styloid plate became symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Volar plate fixation using a new fixed-angle plate system successfully can stabilize dorsally unstable distal radius fractures. Early active range of motion was facilitated without compromising fracture reduction.     

Corrective osteotomy of the distal radius through volar approach

Operative correction through the malunion has become a well-accepted reconstructive procedure for symptomatic malunited extra-articular fractures of the distal radius over the last 3 decades. Now that newer plates designed specifically for the volar fixation of dorsally unstable distal radius fractures by incorporating buttress pins and screws that lock to the plate are available, more and more surgeons prefer volar fixation of dorsally unstable distal radius fractures. In the mid 1970s, the senior author (U.B.L.) developed a technique for corrective osteotomy of dorsally tilted malunions of the distal radius using a radiovolar approach and a special plate. This technique was proved to be efficient in more than 400 patients.     

桡骨远端不稳定骨折掌侧或背侧内固定的选择

目的 探讨T型钢板在治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折中的应用及对治疗效果的影响。方法 根据桡骨远端不稳定骨折的特点,就不同类型骨折分别采用T型钢板掌侧或背侧固定,对于骨皮质破坏较严重,支撑不满意的病例,通过植入人工骨或自体骨来恢复局部的稳定性。结果 本组64例病例,经手术复位,纠正畸形满意,术后2～3d开始指导下的功能训练。平均随访时间29．63个月,总体优良率达90．77％。其中,55侧行掌侧固定(其中30侧为桡骨远端骨折向背侧移位),优良率达92．72％;伤后6周以上陈旧骨折或损伤情况估计从掌侧入路有困难的患者,采用背侧入路钢板固定,优良率为77．77％。结论 桡骨远端骨折向掌侧移位的病例,掌侧入路是理想的方式,对于向背侧移位的病例(Colles骨折),同样也具有良好的手术效果。桡骨远端掌侧切口治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折具有：骨床平坦,易操作,符合张力带原则,软组织破坏相对较少,维持背侧软组织合页的完整性,植骨不易外漏等优点。掌侧入路钢板固定对于桡骨远端不稳定骨折的治疗效果是满意的,特别是对新鲜骨折;陈旧骨折在6周以内有条件仍可从掌侧入路,并疗效满意。背侧入路钢板固定,治疗效果稍差,背侧截骨后植骨的患者,对功能恢复有一定影响。     

Volar fixed-angle plate fixation for unstable distal radius fractures in the elderly patient

PURPOSE: Increased incidence of falls and osteoporosis combine to make distal radius fractures a major cause of morbidity for the elderly patient. This report presents our experience treating distal radius fractures in the elderly population using a volar fixed-angle internal fixation plate. METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively all patients older than 75 years treated during a period of 4 years and 7 months at our centers for unstable distal radius fractures using a volar fixed-angle plate. Postoperative management included immediate finger motion, early functional use of the hand, and a wrist splint used for an average of 3 weeks. Standard radiographic fracture parameters were measured and final functional results where assessed by measuring finger motion, wrist motion, and grip strength. RESULTS: Of 26 patients that fit the inclusion criteria, we were able to evaluate 23 patients with 24 unstable distal radius fractures for an average of 63 weeks. Final volar tilt averaged 6 degrees and radial tilt 20 degrees, and radial shortening averaged less than 1 mm. The average final dorsiflexion was 58 degrees, volar flexion 55 degrees, pronation 80 degrees, and supination 76 degrees. Grip strength was 77% of the contralateral side. There were no plate failures or significant loss of reduction, although there was settling of the distal fragment in 3 patients (1-3 mm). CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of unstable distal radius fractures in the elderly patient with a volar fixed-angle plate provided stable internal fixation and allowed early function. This technique minimized morbidity in the elderly population by successfully handling osteopenic bone, allowed early return to function, provided good final results, and was associated with a low complication rate.     

钢板与外固定架治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨钢板内固定与外固定架治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2004年10月～2008年10月期间应用钢板与外固定架固定治疗62例桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效.其中切开复位钢板内固定27例(钢板组),闭合性骨折23例,开放性骨折4例;骨折按AO分型:B型17例,C型10例.平均手术时间86 min(...     

掌侧T形钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折

目的评价掌侧T形钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的疗效。方法采用掌侧T形钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者80例,AO分型A3型20例,B1型2例,B2型1例,B3型1例,C1型21例,C2型22例,C3型13例。结果本组80例患者全部获得随访,随访6～38个月(平均25.3个月),骨折全部愈合。采用Dienst腕关节功能标准评价疗效:优67例,良9例,可4例。结论掌侧T形钢板治疗桡骨骨远端不稳定骨折,内固定牢靠,可早期进行功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

固定角度掌侧接骨板结合克氏针治疗不稳定桡骨远端骨折

目的 探讨固定角度掌侧接骨板结合克氏针治疗不稳定桡骨远端骨折的临床效果.方法 2005年1月至2007年12月对19例不稳定桡骨远端骨折采用切开复位固定角度掌侧接骨板结合克氏针固定治疗,随访临床效果.结果所有患者随访5-14个月,平均11个月,所有患者均骨性愈合,愈合时间5-16周,平均愈合时间9.6周.掌倾角5°～12°,平均9.4°;尺偏角18°～24°,平均21°.6例轻度疼痛,4例活动受限,平均屈伸角度121°,平均握力为健侧的84.2%,桡骨长度得到恢复,关节面台阶＜1 mm.Cooney腕关节评分:优4例,良13例,可2例,优良率89.5%.结论 固定角度掌侧接骨板结合克氏针固定治疗不稳定桡骨远端骨折,可以获得满意的临床效果.     

掌侧入路T形钢板治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折

目的总结掌侧入路切开复位T形钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效。方法采用掌侧入路切开复位T形钢板内固定治疗33例桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者。结果随访6～18个月,除1例老年患者14个月愈合外,其余32例均在术后6～8个月内愈合。按改良Mcbride评分,优18例（54．5％）,良10例（30．3％）,可4例（12．1％）,差1例（3．1％）,总优良率84．8％。结论掌侧入路T形钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折,手术损伤相对小,操作简单,复位效果好,术后并发症少,功能恢复快,值得临床推广应用。     

Surgical treatment of unstable distal radius fractures with volar locking plates

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of unstable distal radius fractures does not always yield a satisfactory outcome. The several surgical strategies available have problems associated with them. This study was undertaken to determine if volar locking plate fixation could be useful for treating unstable distal radius fractures. METHODS: This retrospective follow-up study assessed 24 fractures in 24 patients with unstable distal radius fractures surgically treated with one of three volar locking plate systems. According to the AO classification system, 7 patients had type A3 fractures, 5 patients had type C2 fractures, and the remaining 12 patients had type C3 fractures. Radiographic measurements included volar tilt, radial inclination, and ulnar variance. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by active range of motion of the wrist and forearm, grip strength, Saito's wrist score, and the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (JSSH version of the DASH). RESULTS: At the time of final follow-up (5 months minimum) the mean volar tilt was 8.1 degrees , radial inclination was 20 degrees, and ulnar variance was 0.4 mm. Mean wrist extension measured 61 degrees, wrist flexion 55 degrees, radial deviation 23 degrees, ulnar deviation 35 degrees, pronation 87 degrees, and supination 87 degrees. Grip strength recovered to a mean of 84% of the grip strength in the contralateral limb for patients who had injured their dominant hand and to a mean of 73% for patients who had injured their nondominant hand. Saito's wrist score calculations revealed 20 excellent and 4 good results. The mean DASH disability/symptom score was 9.9 points, and the mean DASH work module score was 8.2 points. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that unstable distal radius fractures could be successfully treated with volar locking plate systems.