黄芪多糖,人参茎叶皂甙对创伤小鼠血浆及细胞内cAMP,cGMP…

本实验利用小鼠闭合性创伤模型，观察创后第４天小鼠血浆、免疫细胞内ｃＡＭＰ，ｃＧＭＰ含量的变化及黄芪多糖、人参茎叶皂甙的调节作用。结果显示：创伤后小鼠血浆内ｃＡＭＰ水平增高，ｃＧＭＰ水平下降，ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值升高。     

过敏性紫癜患者血浆GMP－140、cAMP、cGMP、IgG和IgA水平的研究

采用放射免疫法（ＧＭＰ－１４０用单位点免疫放射法）测定过敏性紫癜患者治疗前（ｎ＝２１）后（ｎ＝１９）血浆α－颗粒膜蛋白（ＧＭＰ－１４０）、环磷酸腺苷（ｃＡＭＰ）、环磷酸鸟苷（ｃＧＭＰ）、免疫球蛋白Ｇ和Ａ（ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ）含量，以３１例健康人作对照．结果，患者与对照比较，血浆ＧＭＰ－１４０（７５４±１６８分子数／血小板，Ｔ＝２．２９５，Ｐ＜０．０５），ｃＡＭＰ（１９．８９±７．９２对１４．２６±５．６３ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｔ＝２．９９９，Ｐ＜０．０１），ｃＧＭＰ（４．８７±２．６２对３．４１±１．６９ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｔ＝２．４４６，Ｐ＜０．０５），ＩｇＧ（１５．７５±５．５４对１１．４５±４．８６ｇ／Ｌ，Ｔ＝２．９５８，Ｐ＜０．０１）和ＩｇＡ（１．６８±０．８７对１．１６±０．５２ｇ／Ｌ，Ｔ＝２．６９８，Ｐ＜０．０１），且ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ水平升高呈正相关（ｒ＝０．４６９，Ｐ＜０．０５）。过敏性紫癜患者临床治愈后上述物质血浆含量下降，与对照比较无差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．提示过敏性紫癜患者血浆ＧＭＰ－１４０、ｃＡＭＰ、ｃＧＭＰ、ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＡ可明显升高，临床治愈后恢复正常。     

粒细胞白血病患者环核苷酸代谢的研究

通过对２１例粒细胞白血病患者血浆环－磷酸腺苷（ｃＡＭＰ）含量、腺苷酸环化酶（ＡＣ）、环腺苷酸磷酸二酯酶（ＰＤＥ）比活性和环－磷酸鸟苷（ｃＧＭＰ）含量进行检测，并与１８例非白血病患者和２２例正常人血浆ｃＡＭＰ、ｃＧＭＰ含量和ＡＣ、ＰＤＥ比活力进行比较，发现急性和慢性粒细胞性白血病组的ｃＡＭＰ水平显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）、ＡＣ比活力也显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）、ｃＧＭＰ水平显著高于正     

枸杞多糖对小鼠淋巴细胞信号系统的效应

对枸杞多糖发挥免疫调节效应的信号传导系统进行探讨，结果显示，５０￣４００μｇ／ｍＬ ＬＢＰ可剂量依赖性的升高小鼠淋巴细胞内ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ的水平，５０μｇ／ｍｌ可升高ＰＭＡ活化的脾淋巴细胞内ｃＧＭＰ的水平，另外，１００μｇ／ｍｌ ＬＢＰ可增加ＣｏｎＡ活化后的小鼠脾淋巴细胞膜上的ＰＫＣ活性，说明ＬＢＰ的作用途径可能是通过影响ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ系统以及促进的ＰＫＣ活性来发挥免疫调节效应的。     

缺氧时肺动脉内皮细胞与肺动脉平滑肌细胞相互作用对细胞内环核苷酸的影响

目的：观察了培养的小牛肺动脉内皮细胞（ＰＡＥＣ）和肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ＰＡＳＭ）于缺氧时对细胞内环核苷酸的影响。结果：ＰＡＥＣ和ＰＡＳＭ共培养２４ｈ，ＰＡＥＣ细胞内ｃＡＭＰ含量显著降低（Ｐ＜００１），而ＰＡＳＭ细胞内ｃＡＭＰ含量显著增加（Ｐ＜００１），二种细胞内ｃＧＭＰ含量均显著降低（Ｐ＜００１）。缺氧对二种细胞内ｃＡＭＰ含量无显著影响，但能增加ＰＡＳＭ的ｃＧＭＰ含量（Ｐ＜００１），降低ＰＡＥＣ的ｃＧＭＰ含量（Ｐ＜００１）。ＮＯ合酶抑制剂硝基精氨酸对二种细胞的ｃＡＭＰ含量均无显著影响，但能使常氧培养的ＰＡＥＣ和缺氧培养的ＰＡＳＭ细胞内的ｃＧＭＰ含量显著降低（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：ＰＡＥＣ和ＰＡＳＭ的相互作用可引起第二信使系统传递的变化；缺氧可抑制ＰＡＥＣ的ＮＯ合酶活性而诱导ＰＡＳＭ的ＮＯ合酶活性     

磁场对实验性AMI大鼠血浆cAMP、cGMP和血清Mg~(2 )含量变化的影响

本实验将大鼠随机分为五组：空白对照组、磁作用对照组、ＡＭＩ组、ＡＭＩ药物（心得安）治疗组、ＡＭＩ磁场治疗组。分别采用放射免疫方法和原子分光光度法测定各组大鼠血浆ｃＡＭＰ、ｃＧＭＰ和血清Ｍｇ２＋含量。结果表明：ＡＭＩ磁场治疗组血浆ｃＡＭＰ、ｃＧＭＰ含量及ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＡＰ比值均明显低于ＡＭＩ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,与药物治疗组近似,略高于空白对照组、磁作用对照组,空白对照组略高于磁使用对照组,磁作用对照组最低,两组间无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＡＭＩ磁场治疗组血清Ｍｇ２＋含量明显高于ＡＭＩ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,与药物治疗组近似,略低于空白对照组、磁作用对照组,空白对照组和磁作用对照组最高,两组间无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示：磁场对动物实验性ＡＭＩ心肌具有一定的保护作用。     

PJ－CW对小鼠脾淋巴细胞内环核苷酸含量的影响

济南假单胞菌细胞壁组分（ＰＪ－ＣＷ）是由我院药物所研制的新型微生物制剂。本文就ＰＪ－ＣＷ对小鼠脾细胞总数及脾淋巴细胞内环核苷酸含量的影响作了动态观察。结果显示：小鼠腹腔注射ＰＪ－ＣＷ后，脾细胞总数在第２～６ｄ明显增多，第８ｄ恢复至对照组水平，脾淋巴细胞内的ｃＡＭＰ含量只在第６ｄ出现短暂下降。ｃＧＭＰ含量在第４～６ｄ明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）．ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值也只在第６ｄ明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：细胞内ｃＧＭＰ含量升高，ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值下降可能导致了细胞分裂过程的启动，增强了脾淋巴细胞的功能。     

SRBC膜提取物对猪PBMNC第二信使的影响

胰酶水解绵羊红细胞（ＳＲＢＣ）释放膜表面活性蛋白组分Ⅲ（ＴＲＦ－Ⅲ），单独作用可使猪外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＮＣ）胞内ｃＡＭＰ水平升高，以１００μｇ／ｍｌ浓度刺激达最高峰，由对照组０．９４±０．１４ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ升高到２．７５±０．２５ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。如果ＰＢＭＮＣ事先与腺苷酸环化酶（ＡＣａｓｅ）抑制剂ＬｉC１孵育后再以ＴＲＦ－Ⅲ或ＰＡＨ刺激。ｃＡＭＰ增高受到抑制（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而ＥＤＴＡ－２Ｎａ（一种磷酸二酯酶ＰＤＥ抑制剂）对此ｃＡＭＰ升高无影响。结果提示，此ｃＡＭＰ升高主要是通过活化ＡＣａｓｅ水解ＡＴＰ生成ｃＡＭＰ，而不像是抑制ＰＤＥ减少ｃＡＭＰ降解引起的。ＴＲＦ－Ⅲ诱导猪ＰＢＭＮＣ胞内Ｃａ~(２＋)浓度升高，以１００μｇ／ｍｌ刺激２分钟升高最多，由对照组的２４２±７ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ升高到３２３±１５ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。以ＥＧ－ＴＡ除去胞外Ｃａ~(２＋)再以ＴＲＦ－Ⅲ或ＰＡＨ刺激，仅观察到小范围［Ｃａ~(２＋)］ｉ升高。看来这一过程包括了刺激胞内Ｃａ~(２＋)释放和胞外Ｃａ~(２＋)内流两种方式。以上结果证明，ＴＲＦ－Ⅲ对淋巴细胞功能影响与细胞内第二信使有关。     

体外反搏对冠心病患者血浆cAMP和cGMP及其比值的影响

采用随机对照方法，通过对冠心病患者反搏过程中及反搏后环磷酸腺苷（ｃＡＭＰ）环磷酸鸟苷（ｃＧＭＰ）的动态测定，探讨体外反搏对血浆ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ平衡的影响，结果表明：对照且病人在药物治疗后，测定血浆ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ水平并无变化，而反搏组在反搏治疗后血ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ的浓度可明显升高，并随着反搏治疗的疗程延伸而累积增加，以反搏第２、３疗程末最明显，反搏后１个月，增高的优势仍然保持，ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧ     

荷人鼻咽癌裸鼠血浆MDA,cAMP／cGMP水平及PSP的影响

本实验利用ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ裸小鼠，复制荷人鼻咽癌裸鼠模型，检测荷瘤鼠血浆丙二醛，ｃＡＭＰ，ｃＧＭＰ和ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值，观察云芝糖肽对荷人ＮＰＣ裸鼠的抑瘤作用及对荷瘤鼠血浆ＭＤＡ和ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ等的影响。结果发现荷瘤鼠血浆ＭＤＡ升高，ｃＡＭＰ，ｃＧＭＰ降低，ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值升高，高你低浓度ＰＳＰ对荷人ＮＰＣ裸鼠均有明显抗癌作用（Ｐ＜０．０１），抑瘤率５９．５８－９５．５３％；并可降低荷瘤     

Distribution of guanylate cyclase in rat cerebral cortex: neuronal, glial, capillary, pia-arachnoid and synaptosomal fractions plus choroid plexus

Guanylate cyclase activity was examined in the choroid plexus and isolated cellular fractions including crude synaptosomes of the rat cerebral cortex. Under conditions of low Mn²⁺ (0.5 mM) the enzyme activity was depressed in preparations (homogenates, 100,000 g soluble and paniculate fractions) of cerebral cortex, pia-arachnoid, choroid plexus and cerebral neuronal (perikaryal or capillary fractions. With the homogenate and soluble enzyme forms, addition of Ca²⁺elicited an activation of guanylate cyclase in all preparations except glia. Moreover, the neuronal and cortical paniculate fractions were responsive to Ca²⁺. The calcium-dependent regulator protein (calmodulin) and carbamyl choline were without stimulatory actions on any guanylate cyclase preparation. The preparations most sensitive to activation by sodium azide consisted of those containing neuronal elements, i.e. the crude synaptosomal homogenate, the paniculate neuronal fraction, and the total cortex (homogenate and particulate). Using the homogenates as a basis for comparing basal enzyme activities, the highest guanylate cyclase activity was observed in the pia-arachnoid > total cortex > choroid plexus > synaptosomes, glia > neurons >capillaries.Thus guanylate cyclase is widely distributed among the different cellular types in the brain and individual cells vary in their sensitivities to Ca²⁺, azide and hydroxylamine.     

炎症渗出液量与其中cAMP,cGMP浓度的关系以及电针刺激的影响

本文以鹿角菜素诱发大鼠胸膜炎动物模型,观察了炎症过程中渗出液的量、渗出液中cAMP和cGMP浓度,以及电针刺激的抗渗出作用与cAMP和cGMP浓度之间的联系。实验结果表明,在致炎后12至24小时内,随着炎症渗出液量的增加,而cAMP浓度下降,cGMP浓度却上升。电针组炎症渗出液量明显少于对照组(P<0.05),cAMP浓度明显高于对照组(P<0.01),cGMP浓度明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。     

胞苷环3′,5′一磷酸对T原淋巴细胞株JM的抑制作用

在从S至G_2/M期和从G_1至S期的过程中,3′,5′-cCMP能抑制用胸腺嘧啶同步化的JM-T原淋巴细胞株细胞的增殖。而5-CMP,5-dCMP和2′,3′-cCMP却能在S期促进细胞生长。对于非同步化生长的JM细胞,3′,5′-cCMP也显示出抑制作用。     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Selectivity of Bifunctional Couplers

Bifunctional couplers based on carbonate chemistry – Series A, B, and C – that are able to combine molecules bearing amine groups via substitution and addition reaction (Series A) or only via addition (Series B and C) were synthesized and characterized. The reactivity and selectivity of the two functional groups of couplers toward primary amines in different conditions were studied. The reactivity of couplers of Series B towards secondary and tertiary amines was investigated. The effect of adjacent groups (α/δ‐position to O/N sides of urethane groups or α‐position to ether groups) on the reactivity of the five‐membered cyclic carbonates was studied using model compounds 4 , 5 , 13 , and 16 .

     

Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine,dopamine, and acetylcholine on accumulation of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in the anterior byssus retractor muscle ofMytilus edulis L. (Mollusca)

We investigated in vitro accumulation of adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (induced by 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine) and of guanosine 3,5-monophosphate (induced by acetylcholine) in the anterior byssus retractor muscle ofMytilus.The response to 5-hydroxytryptamine exceeded that induced by equimolar concentrations of dopamine.1-methyl lysergic acid, a 5-hydroxytryptamine-blocking agent, diminished the 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced increase of cyclic AMP level. This parallels the effect of this amine on the contracted muscle.Acetylcholine, which causes a tonic contraction of the muscle, increased intracellular levels of cyclic GMP in a dose-dependent (max. 45-fold at 10^–4 M ACh) manner. The time course of the rise in cyclic GMP level was rapid and transient (peak concentration of cyclic GMP at 2 min).Mytolon was the most effective of all cholinergic blockers tested. It was concluded that cyclic nucleotides may play a role in the modulatory process of the transmitters. A direct relation to the relaxation-contraction process could not be established.Abbreviations ABRM anterior byssus retractor muscle - cyclic AMP adenosine 3,5-monophosphate - cyclic GMP guanosine 3,5-monophosphate - ACh acetylcholine - 5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine, serotonin - DA dopamine - TCA trichloroacetic acid - UML 1-methyl lysergic acid hydrogen maleinate     

Viscoelasticity,Tensile properties,and Microstructure of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer/SBS/SEBS Elastomer Blends

Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) polymers with rigid ring structures like NB in the polymer chain enhance the toughness greatly, but also cause high brittleness of the material, which limits its application. Modification of COC for toughness by the addition of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) and polystyrene-block-poly(ethene-co-butyl-1-ene)-block-polystyrene (SEBS) elastomers of styrene content in SEBS is done. Field emission scanning electron microscope shows that tougheners are uniformly dispersed in the COC matrix without a visible interface between the two phases, which is also supported by the Cole-Cole and Han curves. Rheological behavior indicates that the addition of SBS and SEBS makes the COC/SBS/SEBS composites to have higher elastic modulus, loss modulus, and composite viscosity than that of pure COC. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the composite presents 3.6 times higher than pure COC, while the elongation at break is 6.3 times higher than pure COC. The dynamic mechanical analysis reveals that the COC and tougheners are well blended, and the SBS and SEBS toughen the COC in agreement with the results of morphological and rheological behaviors.     

钙离子浓度变化对大鼠缺血心室致颤阈值的影响及其与cAMP、cGMP及ATP的关系

本文目的是观察不同钙离子浓度([Ca~(2 )])对急性局部缺血大鼠心脏室颤阈(VFT)的影响及其与心肌cAMP、cGMP和ATP含量变化的关系。结果表明,[Ca~(2 )]与缺血心脏VFT下降幅度呈正相关(r=0.7998,p<0.05);而[Ca~(2 )]与缺血心肌cAMP/cGMP比值、ATP含量则呈负相关(分别r=-0.887、r=-0.864,均p<0.05);缺血心脏VFT下降幅度与cAMP/cGMP比值亦呈显著负相关(r=-0.992,p<0.01),提示心肌细胞内游离Ca~(2 )水平可能是缺血心室易颤性(VV)的决定因素;cAMP水平或cAMP/cGMP比值则可能是通过影响Ca~(2 )内流而起作用的间接因素;而ATP贮量对缺血心脏VFT下降可能有一定保护作用。