共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
William R. Doucette Julia J. Rippe Caroline A. Gaither David H. Kreling David A. Mott Jon C. Schommer 《Journal of the American Pharmacists Association》2017,57(1):72-76.e1
Objectives
To describe services provided by community pharmacies and to identify factors associated with services being provided in community pharmacies.Design
Cross-sectional national mail survey.Setting and participants
Pharmacists actively practicing in community pharmacies (independent, chain, mass merchandisers, and supermarkets).Outcome measures
Frequency and type of pharmacy services available in a community pharmacy, including medication therapy management, immunization, adjusting medication therapy, medication reconciliation, disease state management, health screening or coaching, complex nonsterile compounding, and point-of-care testing.Results
With a 48.4% response rate, the survey showed that community pharmacies offered on average 3 of the 8 services studied. Pharmacy chains and supermarket pharmacies reported providing significantly more services than did mass merchandise pharmacies. The number of pharmacy services provided was positively associated with involvement in an interprofessional care team, innovativeness, and perceived workload. The number of pharmacy services was negatively correlated with having 3.5 or more pharmacy technicians on duty.Conclusion
Pharmacy chains and supermarkets are providing the most pharmacy services among community pharmacy settings. The number of services provided was associated with innovativeness, technician staffing, and perceived workload. Also, involvement with an interprofessional care team supported greater service delivery. Community pharmacies vary in their provision of services beyond dispensing. 相似文献2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Andi Hermansyah Dyah Pitaloka Erica Sainsbury Ines Krass 《Research in social & administrative pharmacy》2018,14(12):1147-1156
Introduction
The nature of community pharmacy in many countries has changed. Despite the significant efforts made to change practice, there is a paucity of literature that highlights consensus on the approaches that should be prioritised for advancing practice particularly in the context of developing countries.Objective
To systematically identify and prioritise a range of potential recommendations to improve practice in Indonesian community pharmacy from the perspective of pharmacy stakeholders.Methods
Qualitative research using Nominal Group Technique (NGT) was conducted in July 2017 involving 34 nationwide pharmacy stakeholders. Participants were assigned to four nominal group discussions based on the areas for action as developed by researchers. The results were thematically analysed.Results
Nine priority recommendations were generated from the group discussion reflecting four main themes to advance community pharmacy sector, namely improving professional pharmacy practice, reforming pharmacy education, enforcing policy and regulation and enhancing public recognition of pharmacists. The analysis using the culture-structure-agency approach highlights that the top down structure in terms of policy and regulatory framework has not been effectively enforced. In addition, the role of pharmacists as the central agency in delivering pharmacy services has been limited due to their common absence from practice. The approach, however, provides an alternative to advocate changes by locating the role of pharmacists and community pharmacy as central agency within the challenging health system structure.Conclusions
The recommendations generated from and approach used in this study provide an impetus to advance community pharmacy practice in Indonesia. Amongst the important solutions, there is substantial need to provide evidence of pharmacists' contribution to healthcare. 相似文献8.
9.
10.
11.
Ardalan Mirzaei Stephen R. Carter Carl R. Schneider 《Research in social & administrative pharmacy》2018,14(2):127-137
Background
Community pharmacy ownership requires engaging with marketing strategies to influence consumer behaviour. There is a plethora of information from trade journals, expert opinion, and published discussion surrounding this issue. Despite this, evidence relating to the efficacy of marketing activity within the pharmacy sector is scant.Objectives
To review how marketing activity has been conceptualised in the community pharmacy sector and to determine the evidence for the effect of marketing activity.Methods
Seven databases were systematically searched using a scoping review framework with the reporting protocol of PRISMA-P. The search yielded 33 studies that were analysed for year of publication, journal, country of focus, and framework of marketing.Results
The majority of marketing research papers focused on the United States and were published in healthcare journals. These were various marketing strategy elements, including; segmentation, targeting, differentiation, and positioning. Also evident was research regarding marketing mix, which predominately involved the “4Ps” model. Actual marketing activity comprised little of the research.Conclusions
Research into marketing activity in community pharmacy is limited, and little evidence is available to show the effects of such activities. Future research needs to demonstrate the causality for the effect of marketing activities on consumer behaviour and economic outcomes. 相似文献12.
Melissa Carrillo Jeri Sias Jacquelyn P. Navarrete Sam Aboud Enrique Valenzuela 《Journal of the American Pharmacists Association》2018,58(1):30-35
Objectives
To describe the process used by a pharmacy team at a community health center to coordinate and expand diabetes education services (English and Spanish) for a predominantly Hispanic, Spanish-speaking population.Setting
The project was implemented at 2 clinics in a federally qualified community health center system based in a low-income southwest U.S.–Mexico border community.Practice innovation
This project enhanced accessibility to diabetes education to improve knowledge, skills, and goal setting through existing pharmacy services at the primary clinic and 1 rural satellite clinic.Evaluation
The success of the project was evaluated quantitatively. Metrics used to evaluate enhancement of existing practices included enrollment and completion rates, number of sessions, and diabetes leadership meetings.Results
Over the 5-month project period assessed, 7 interdisciplinary professionals were certified as Diabetes Empowerment Education Program educators. Four sessions were conducted at both clinics. A total of 31 participants completed the diabetes classes. An educational attainment of 8th grade or less was reported in 91% of the rural participants compared with 50% of the urban participants. Ten interdisciplinary leadership meetings centered on recruitment, progress toward goals, and action items to ensure quality of classes. A nurse practitioner and pharmacist piloted a shared-visit model with 5 patients during a 45-minute time period.Conclusion
Successful diabetes education services occurred by implementing an evidence-based curriculum, identifying provider champions, increasing patient enrollment through provider referrals, and generating reports. Patient accountability was facilitated by setting patient-centered goals for knowledge and skills. Last, support groups provided ongoing support once patients graduated from a structured diabetes program. 相似文献13.
Zaheer -Ud-Din Babar Shane Scahill Raveena Amee Nagaria Louise E. Curley 《Research in social & administrative pharmacy》2018,14(12):1163-1171
Background
Healthcare is under significant pressure with the explosion of long term conditions, shift in worldwide demographics and is evolving through advances in technology. Aligned with this is the changing role of pharmacy from the traditional dispenser of medicines to having (in addition) a more advanced clinical role. This study aimed to understand what the pharmacy practice research agenda might look like from the viewpoint of pharmacy academics and practitioners across five high-income countries.Method
Qualitative methods were used, and thirty one-hour interviews were undertaken with practitioners and academics from five economically advanced countries. These nations have comparable socio-economic status but differing health systems and include; Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom and United States of America. Six key informants were chosen from each country, three academics and three community pharmacists. A general inductive analysis was undertaken to analyse the most common and recurring themes.Results
These themes of research were based around current community pharmacy practice issues and the enablers to changing the profession. Specific areas pharmacy practice could be more involved with included long term health conditions. Some community pharmacists also believed that research into the impact of professional standards and policy change would be beneficial. The findings of this research suggest that current pharmacy practice research methods are sufficient, but need to be used more effectively.Conclusion
Participants identified a wide range of issues within community pharmacy practice. Academics largely focused on how research can be utilised in the community and how to implement findings to ensure sustainability of pharmacy practice research. Issues that community pharmacists would like to research are related to the current practice model, such as allocating time to provide patient-focused services in addition to managing a business. 相似文献14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Mohamed E. Rashrash Daniel M. Tomaszewski Jon C. Schommer Lawrence M. Brown 《Journal of the American Pharmacists Association》2017,57(2):206-210
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to describe current users of mail pharmacy services and to evaluate factors associated with the use of mail pharmacy services.Design
Cross-sectional online survey–based study.Setting and participants
The data were obtained from the 2015 National Consumer Survey on the Medication Experience, which included 26,173 adults from throughout the United States.Outcome measures
Mail pharmacy utilization was based on participant self-report. Demographic variables included age, education, race, gender, insurance status, distance to nearest pharmacy, number of disease states, and income. Chi-square and t test analyses were conducted to assess the factors associated with mail pharmacy use. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to compute the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for the predictors of mail pharmacy usage.Results
Overall, 17% of respondents reported the use of mail pharmacy services. Based on chi-square analysis, use of mail pharmacy services was significantly associated with age, education, race, and region. In addition, distance to nearest pharmacy and the report of the presence of certain disease states were significantly associated with mail pharmacy use (P <0.001). Based on the results of logistic regression analysis, there was a significant association of mail pharmacy use by age, having chronic diseases, level of education, distance to nearest pharmacy, and other included variables (P <0.05).Conclusion
Mail pharmacy service users accounted for 17% of the respondents of this study. Advancing age, presence of chronic diseases, increasing level of education, and increasing distance to the nearest pharmacy were positively associated with the use of mail pharmacies. Further research is needed to better understand patient-specific reasons for choosing mail pharmacies or community pharmacies. 相似文献19.
Matthew Lengel Catherine H. Kuhn Marcia Worley Allison M. Wehr James W. McAuley 《Journal of the American Pharmacists Association》2018,58(2):179-185.e2