正常低浓度血镁与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的:探讨正常偏低浓度血镁与2型糖尿病的相关性。方法:2010年3月至7月对上海市嘉定区菊园新区2 515名40岁以上居民进行问卷调查,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压等,并进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),采血检测血清镁、胰岛素、肝功能、肾功能、空腹及OGTT 2 h血糖(2hPG)。分析人群血镁浓度与2型糖尿病患病风险的相关性。结果:①在血镁的参考范围内,2hPG、2 h胰岛素、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和三酰甘油在血镁四分位分组各组间差异有统计学意义(均趋势P<0.01);校正相关混杂因素后,3组2型糖尿病患病风险OR(95%CI)分别是1.11(0.75～1.66)、1.61(1.08～2.40)和3.22(2.23～4.64)(趋势P<0.01)。结论:上海郊区40岁以上人群中,正常的低血镁水平与2型糖尿病患病风险显著相关。     

上海城镇人群EZSCAN-糖尿病风险评分与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的探讨EZSCAN-糖尿病风险评分在未明确糖代谢状态的人群中与2型糖尿病的相关性。方法 2010年3月至7月抽取上海嘉定地区菊园社区40岁以上无糖尿病病史常住居民1479名,进行问卷调查、体格检查和75 g葡萄糖耐量(OGTT)试验,检测空腹血糖、血脂、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和OGTT2 h血糖等,进行EZSCAN-糖尿病风险评估系统检测。结果 (1)按照EZSCAN的风险评分分为正常组(166例)、糖代谢异常低风险组(821例)和糖代谢异常高风险组(492例)。随EZSCAN风险评分的增加,空腹血糖、OGTT 2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、稳态胰岛素评价指数(HOMA-IR)、HbA1c均显著增加,差异有统计学意义;(2)与正常组相比,在没有校正其他变量时,糖代谢异常低风险组糖尿病的患病危险度升高,OR(95%C I)为1.90(1.10~3.28);糖代谢异常高风险组糖尿病的患病危险度升高,OR(95%C I)为1.51(1.14~2.00);EZSCAN-糖尿病风险评分每升高10%,患糖尿病的危险度上升10%[OR 1.10,95%C I(1.03~1.17)]。校正年龄、性别、BM I、腰围、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等混杂因素后,该相关性依然存在。结论在40岁以上的上海市城镇居民中,EZS-CAN-糖尿病风险评分与患2型糖尿病的危险度独立相关。     

口服葡萄糖耐量试验在空腹血糖低于7.0 mmol/L冠心病患者中的应用价值

目的:探讨空腹血糖7.0 mmol/L的不同冠状动脉(冠脉)病变冠心病患者中糖代谢异常的发生情况以及口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)在这类患者中的应用价值。方法:收集我院心内科2016年1月至2018年9月空腹血糖7.0 mmol/L的426例冠心病住院患者,根据冠脉造影结果分为冠脉单支病变组(n=110)和冠脉多支病变组(n=316),通过OGTT分析两组患者中糖代谢异常的发生情况。结果:冠脉单支病变组中,糖调节受损54例(49.09%),糖尿病11例(10.00%),糖代谢异常共65例(59.09%);冠脉多支病变组中,糖调节受损180例(56.96%),糖尿病47例(14.87%),糖代谢异常共227例(71.83%)。与冠脉单支病变组比较,冠脉多支病变组患者年龄较大,男性患者较多,体重指数较高,肥胖及超重患者较多,总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较高,有冠心病家族史者较多,糖耐量异常和糖尿病患者较多,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:年龄(OR=1.038,95%CI:1.009～1.068)、吸烟(OR=1.964,95%CI:1.232～3.129)、体重指数(OR=1.662,95%CI:1.181～2.338)、糖耐量异常(OR=1.039,95%CI:1.032～1.224)、糖尿病(OR=1.651,95%CI:1.032～3.109)、冠心病家族史(OR=2.122,95%CI:1.104～4.076)是冠心病患者冠脉多支病变的危险因素。结论:空腹血糖7.0 mmol/L的冠心病患者中糖代谢异常比例较高,且冠脉多支病变组较冠脉单支病变组存在更多的糖代谢异常。     

中老年人血清铁与非酒精性脂肪肝的相关性研究

目的:研究血清铁与非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)患病风险的相关性。方法:在上海40岁以上社区居民中进行问卷调查,并进行体格检查、高分辨率超声检查以及血清铁、血脂、胰岛素、空腹及口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)2 h血糖(2hPG)、肝功能、肾功能等生化检测,对其中数据完整的2120名居民进行分析。分别采用线性回归分析血清铁离子浓度与NAFLD危险因素的相关性,多元Logistic回归模型分析血清铁与NAFLD患病风险之间的关系。结果:NAFLD的患病率为27.4%。从血清铁离子浓度第1四分位组到第4四分位组,NAFLD患病率呈增高趋势,分别为20.8%、29.2%、28.4%、31.2%(组间趋势P=0.0005)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,与血清铁离子浓度第1四分位组(≤14.3 μmol/L)相比,第2四分位组(14.4~17.8 μmol/L)、第3四分位组(17.9~21.9 μmol/L)及第4四分位组(>21.9 μmol/L)NAFLD的患病风险比值比(OR)分别是1.57[95%可信区间(CI):1.19~2.08]、1.51(95%CI:1.14~2.00)、1.72(95%CI:1.30~2.28)(趋势P=0.0005),在校正年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、脂代谢指标、空腹血糖对数值(lg FPG)等相关混杂因素后,3组NAFLD患病风险OR分别是1.31(95%CI 0.91~1.89)、1.44(95%CI 0.99~2.09)、1.48(95%CI 1.01~2.19)(趋势P=0.0274)。结论:上海社区40岁以上人群中,高浓度血清铁离子与NAFLD的患病风险显著相关。     

高血压患者糖代谢异常与血清脑钠肽水平及心功能

目的 探讨原发性高血压患者糖代谢异常与血清脑钠肽(BNP)水平及心功能的关系.方法 分析602例原发性高血压患者的血清空腹血糖、服糖后2 h血糖及BNP水平与左心功能不全的相关性.结果 ①原发性高血压患者602例中,糖尿病102例(16.9%),糖耐量异常126例(20.9%),血糖正常374例(62.2%).②随着糖代谢异常程度增加,血清BNP水平明显增加[糖代谢正常组:(467.1±122.9)ng/L比糖耐量异常组:(512.7±132.2)ng/L比糖尿病组:(543.0±153.3)ng/L,P<0.05];而左心室射血分数(LVEF)[(糖代谢正常组:0.63±0.09比糖耐量异常组:0.53±0.16比糖尿病组:0.46±0.11,P<0.05)及左心室高峰充盈率(LVPER)(糖代谢正常组:2.87±0.75比糖耐量异常组:2.11±0.63比糖尿病组:1.86±0.55,P<0.05)明显降低.③相关分析显示LVEF与BNP呈负相关(r=-0.867,P<0.01).Logistic多因素分析显示,在调整年龄、性别、病程、收缩压、舒张压、体质量指数、吸烟、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及糖化血化蛋白Alc后,和糖代谢正常组相比,糖耐量异常组及糖尿病组患左心功能不全的OR值分别为1.21(95%CI:1.15～1.27,P<0.01)及1.41(95%CI:0.92～2.12,P<0.01).结论 原发性高血压患者糖代谢异常患病率较高.原发性高血压患者糖代谢异常与血清BNP水平相关,糖代谢异常者患左心功能不全的危险性比血糖正常者高.     

糖尿病家族史与高血压对糖代谢异常的影响及交互作用

目的探讨糖尿病家族史与高血压对糖代谢异常患病的影响及交互作用。方法为病例对照研究。选取2011年8—12月间大连地区参加中国2型糖尿病患者恶性肿瘤发生风险的流行病学(REACTION)研究的基线血糖正常人群为研究对象, 2014年7—12月间对研究对象进行随访。收集研究对象基线时糖尿病家族史及高血压情况, 所有研究对象均行口服葡萄糖耐量试验, 依据随访时研究对象糖代谢状态将其分为病例组和对照组。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析糖尿病家族史、高血压对糖代谢异常患病的影响及交互作用。计算交互作用的相对超额危险度(RERI)、交互作用归因比(AP)、交互作用指数(SI), 以评估加法量表上的相互作用效应。结果共纳入2 597例研究对象。其中, 病例组526例, 对照组2 071例。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示, 糖尿病家族史(OR=1.387, 95%CI 1.133～1.699, P=0.002)和高血压(OR=1.553, 95%CI 1.134～2.126, P=0.006)是糖代谢异常患病的独立影响因素。糖尿病家族史与高血压相乘对糖代谢异常患病风险的OR值为1.020...     

早期胰岛素分泌降低是正常血糖人群糖代谢异常的主要危险因素

目的 评价早期胰岛素分泌降低及胰岛素抵抗在糖代谢异常发病中的作用,探讨正常血糖人群发生糖代谢异常的主要危险因素.方法 对来自78个2型糖尿病家系的成员进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),选择其中年龄在30岁以上的糖耐量正常(NGT)人群[空腹血糖(FPG)<6.1mmol/L,糖负荷后2h血糖(2hPG)<7.8 mmol/L]共118人进行随访,在4-7年后复查OGTT,确定其糖代谢状态,分别以糖负荷30min净增胰岛素与净增葡萄糖的比值(AINS30/APG30)评估早期胰岛素分泌能力,以稳态模型法胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)估测胰岛素抵抗状况,以稳态模型法β细胞功能指数(HOMA-B)估测B细胞功能,分析其对糖代谢状态转归的影响.结果 来自78个2型糖尿病家系的118人NGT人群随访4～7年后,66人仍为NGT,52人出现糖耐量恶化,其中糖尿病11人,糖尿病前期41人.分别以HOMA-IR及AINS30/APG30的中位数为切点将这118人人群分4组,4组中糖代谢异常的发生率分别为23.1%、36.4%、45.5%、73.1%,早期胰岛素分泌降低且胰岛素抵抗较重者糖代谢异常发生率较高(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示基线时早期胰岛素分泌能力与糖耐量恶化的发生呈明显负相关,而年龄、性别、胰岛素抵抗状况、β细胞功能均与糖调节受损的发生无显著相关性.结论 早期胰岛素分泌降低是正常血糖人群发生糖代谢异常的主要危险因素.     

高胰岛素血症与甲状腺功能亢进症伴低钾周期性麻痹的相关性研究

目的　探讨毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿 (Graves病 )患者胰岛素 (Ins)水平与低钾周期性麻痹的关系。　方法　选择 1998～ 2 0 0 1年在我院门诊和住院的 2 32例Graves病患者 ,均予检测血钾、糖化血红蛋白和口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)、血浆Ins、C肽释放试验 ,并与 4 3名健康成人比较。　结果　 (1)甲状腺功能亢进症 (甲亢 )伴低钾周期性麻痹的患者全部为男性。 (2 )甲亢患者有葡萄糖耐量受损和高胰岛素血症 ,表现为OGTT中 2h血糖不能达到正常水平 ,有低钾周期性麻痹患者最为明显 ,为 (10± 3)mmol/L。甲亢伴低钾周期性麻痹患者胰岛素和C肽释放分别为 (中位数 ) :18 0 5、6 7 80、95 5 0、119 0 0、75 0 0mU/L和 2 97、6 0 0、7 6 0、11 80、6 90 μg/L ,明显高于健康成人和无低钾周期性麻痹的甲亢患者 ,差异有显著意义。　结论　甲亢伴低钾周期性麻痹患者存在高胰岛素血症和葡萄糖耐量异常 ,血清钾下降与血浆胰岛素增高、血钾向细胞内转移有关。预防和治疗高胰岛素血症也是预防和治疗甲亢伴低钾周期性麻痹的又一措施。     

高胰岛素血症对原发性高血压患者低血糖发生的影响

目的研究高胰岛素血症对原发性高血压患者低血糖发生的影响。方法本研究纳入兰州大学第二医院住院治疗的原发性高血压患者共132例,对所有高血压患者进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)及动态血糖监测,采用化学发光法检测血胰岛素水平。根据胰岛素水平,将患者分为高胰岛素血症(HINS)组[空腹胰岛素(FINS)15 mU/L和(或)餐后2 h胰岛素(2hINS)80 mU/L;60例]和非高胰岛素血症(NHINS)组(72例)。分析胰岛素水平与低血糖(低血糖标准:血糖3.0 mmol/L至少持续15 min)的关系。结果高血压患者132例,29例发生低血糖,低血糖发生率为22.0%。HINS组低血糖发生率高于NHINS组[33.3%(20/60)比12.5%(9/72),P0.05]。单因素分析提示低血糖的发生与年龄、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、空腹血糖、FINS、空腹C肽、2hINS、2 h C肽、HINS及降压药物种类相关(均P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析提示,年龄(OR=1.111,95%CI=1.050～1.176)、HINS(OR=3.046,95%CI=1.017～9.119)、单用利尿剂(OR=11.423,95%CI=1.929～67.654)及服用降压药物的种数(OR=3.688,95%CI=1.515～8.977)为低血糖发生的影响因素(均P0.05)。结论HINS是原发性高血压患者低血糖发生的危险因素。     

老年糖代谢情况与心血管疾病并发症风险的相关性研究

目的探析老年糖代谢情况与心血管疾病并发症风险的相关性。方法从2018年10月至2020年10月前来本院接受体检老年人群中招募自愿参与研究且符合纳入标准受试者计2000例,于清晨空腹取用患者外周静脉血行血糖监测,按糖代谢情况分为糖代谢异常组(n=1084)、糖代谢正常组(n=916),且糖代谢异常组参照糖尿病诊断标准又分作空腹血糖受损组、糖耐量受损组及糖尿病组,发放人口学调查问卷详细记录性别、年龄等一般资料,行体格检查测算,经影响因素校正后分析糖代谢情况与心血管疾病并发症风险关联强度。结果糖代谢异常组心血管疾病并发症风险发生率相比于糖代谢正常组而言显著更高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);以糖代谢正常组为参照组(OR=1)发现,空腹血糖受损组、糖耐量受损组及糖尿病组心血管疾病并发症风险系数依次为参照物的2.151倍[95%置信区间(CI)1.226-2.714]、2.320倍(95%CI 1.416-2.832)及2.636倍(95%CI 1.842-3.261)。结论糖代谢异常可增加心血管疾病并发症风险,由此应对糖尿病及糖尿病前期重点关注,从而有效降低心血管疾病并发症发生风险。     

Minor physiological relevance of oral glucose tolerance test

The physiological relevance of the oral glucose tolerance test was evaluated in ten healthy nonobese subjects and nine subjects with slightly impaired glucose tolerance. In random order, all subjects received a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test or a standardized breakfast meal of equivalent carbohydrate content. Changes in plasma glucose, insulin, and pancreatic glucagon concentrations were measured. In both groups, plasma glucose increased significantly during the oral glucose tolerance test and the meal test but the incremental glucose area (0-60 min) of the oral glucose tolerance test was about 350% and 120% greater than that of the mean test (p less than 0.001) in the normals and the patients with impaired glucose tolerance, respectively. In both groups, insulin responded almost similarly to the oral glucose tolerance test and the meal test whereas plasma glucagon declined significantly during the oral glucose tolerance test only (p less than 0.001). Glucagon remained unchanged during the meal test in the normals and increased slightly (p less than 0.05) in the group with impaired glucose tolerance. These data show that the response of glucose, insulin and glucagon to an oral glucose tolerance test in various respects is different to that obtained by the more physiological stimulation with a breakfast meal.     

Reliability of glucose measurement by glucose test strips in tropical conditions.

The reliability of glucose test strips and reflectance meters after storage in tropical conditions was assessed. In a first experiment, sealed bottles containing glucose test strips were stored for 1 month in closed sterilising ovens at 40 degrees C, one in dry (0% humidity) and the other in wet (75% humidity) conditions. Results were compared to measurements obtained with glucose test strips stored under standard Western conditions, in non-diabetic and diabetic patients, using the same standard reflectance meter. A second experiment was performed similarly, comparing the values obtained with reflectance meters stored in different conditions, using standard glucose test strips. Reproducibility was assessed on the basis of duplicate measurements for each condition of storage. We observed that temperature and humidity did not significantly affect the glucose test strips (1st experiment), while a slight underestimation of capillary blood glucose was found using reflectance meters stored at 50 degrees C, irrespective of the humidity (2nd experiment). All the correlation coefficients between duplicates were greater than 0.975 irrespective of the conditions of storage for glucose test strips and reflectance meters. Therefore, glucose test strips and reflectance meters appear fairly reliable at the grass-root level in the tropics, if used carefully.     

THYROID HORMONE LEVELS DURING GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST IN EUTHYROID SUBJECTS

Twelve normal, healthy, clinically and biochemically proven euthyroid volunteer subjects (age 19-35) were administered a standard glucose tolerance test (100 g glucose orally) and thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) levels were determined by specific radioimmunoassays to determine the acute effect of glucose and insulin on peripheral monodeiodination of thyroxine. The fasting levels of T4, T3, rT3 and free thyroxine were 82.4 nmol/l, 1.7 nmol/l, 0.52 nmol/l, and 0.22 nmol/l, respectively, and these levels were unchanged during the 3 hours post-glucose load. The rise and fall of glucose and insulin levels were typical of the standard responses normally observed in the glucose tolerance test. The variations in insulin and glucose levels were not correlated with thyroid hormone concentrations at any interval during the test. It is therefore concluded that dietary glucose does not acutely cause shifts in peripheral monodeiodination of thyroxine in healthy euthyroid subjects.     

The Glucose Breath Test: A Diagnostic Test for Small Bowel Stricture(s) in Crohn's Disease

The aim of this study was to determine whether an indirect noninvasive indicator of proximal bacterial overgrowth, the glucose breath test, was of diagnostic value in inflammatory bowel disease. Twenty four of 71 Crohn's disease patients tested had a positive glucose breath test. No statistical conclusions could be drawn between the Crohn's disease activity index and glucose breath test status. Of patients with radiologic evidence of small bowel stricture(s), 96.0% had a positive glucose breath test, while only one of 46 negative glucose breath test patients had a stricture. The positive and negative predictive values for a positive glucose breath test as an indicator of stricture formation were 96.0% and 97.8%, respectively. This correlation was not altered in Crohn's disease patients with fistulae or status postresection of the terminal ileum. The data in ulcerative colitis were nondiagnostic. In conclusion, the glucose breath test appears to be an accurate noninvasive inexpensive diagnostic test for small bowel stricture(s) and secondary bacterial overgrowth in Crohn's disease.     

高血压病合并脂肪肝发病的危险因素分析

目的探讨高血压病合并脂肪肝发病的危险因素。方法选择进行了肝脏B超检查的住院高血压病患者,根据超声影像的诊断结果分为高血压合并脂肪肝组(98例)和高血压未合并脂肪肝组(102例),分析体重指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HO-MA-IR)、糖耐量试验各时段的血糖水平、胰岛素释放试验的胰岛素水平与脂肪肝之间的关系。结果(1)Logistic回归分析的结果表明空腹血糖升高、肥胖、糖负荷后3小时胰岛素水平升高、高甘油三酯血症是高血压患者脂肪肝形成的独立危险因素;(2)高血压合并脂肪肝组的HOMA-IR、TG、空腹和糖负荷后2、3小时的血糖和胰岛素水平高于对照组(均P<0.05)。校正两组BMI后,上述差异仍然存在。结论(1)高血压病患者脂肪肝发病的独立危险因素是空腹血糖升高、肥胖、糖负荷后3小时胰岛素水平升高、高甘油三酯血症,随着这些危险因素的聚集,脂肪肝的检出率增加。(2)脂肪肝是高血压病患者胰岛素抵抗的“重要标志”,脂肪肝是代谢综合征的一种表现。     

The abbreviated glucose tolerance test in screening for diabetes: the Islington Diabetes Survey

The World Health Organization has recommended a single 2-h post-glucose load blood glucose level as a screening test for diabetes mellitus in epidemiological surveys. We have assessed its characteristics, when compared with a full supervised glucose tolerance test (OGTT), in estimating prevalence, and in diagnosing diabetes in the individual patient. A stratified sample of 223 of 1040 subjects who had participated in a diabetic survey that utilized a single capillary 2-h blood glucose estimation as a screening test were recalled for formal glucose tolerance testing. The numbers of subjects with diabetes at screening and at recall were similar (14/212, 6.6%; 13/216, 6.0%) but only 9 subjects were so classified on both occasions. Thirty-five subjects (16.5%) were suspected of having impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) at screening, and 52 (24.1%) at recall. There was substantial reclassification from screening IGT, with 3/35 worsening to diabetes, and 10/35 returning to normal. Capillary 2-h glucose levels gave an accurate assessment of the prevalence of diabetes but underestimated that of IGT. On the full OGTT, little difference in classification was found when the values of fasting and 1-h blood glucose were used in addition to those of the 2-h blood glucose used alone. The 2-h glucose had a within-subject coefficient of variation of 32.4% which produced substantial reclassification of subjects with levels close to the diagnostic levels for diabetes, and this implies that such individuals should not be classified as having diabetes on the basis of a single glucose tolerance test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Development of diabetes in Japanese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance: A seven year follow-up study

Summary Five hundred and seven subjects with postprandial glycosuria underwent a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test in an epidemiological survey of diabetes mellitus carried out in 1964–1965 in the town of Osaka, Japan. The oral glucose tolerance test was repeated 7 years later in 207 (40.8%) of the subjects. The results of the initial and the follow-up test were classified into three categories according to the new WHO criteria: normal, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes. Most of the diabetic subjects (84.8%) remained unchanged between the initial and follow-up test. Of the subjects with impaired glucose tolerance at the time of the initial test, 38.5% showed diabetes in the follow-up test, while another 38.5% returned to normal. On the other hand, 13.5% of the normal subjects in the initial test developed impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes in the follow-up test. The rate of worsening to diabetes was related closely to the 2-h blood glucose value at the initial test. In addition, the rate of worsening was higher in males and obese subjects than in females and non-obese subjects. A multiple logistic analysis indicated that the fasting and 2-h glucose values were significantly predictive of worsening to diabetes.     

Post-partum reclassification of glucose tolerance in women previously diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus.

AIMS: To re-evaluate post-partum screening; fasting plasma glucose (FPG) vs. oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in Caucasian women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: Once breast-feeding had finished, an OGTT was performed in 120 women with previous GDM. They were classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) 1985 and American Diabetes Association (ADA) 1997 criteria. The kappa-statistic measure of agreement was used to compared both diagnostic categories. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve studied the FPG as a test to detect abnormal glucose tolerance. RESULTS: Identical diabetes prevalence (2%) but quite different intermediate categories (12% impaired glucose tolerance vs. 3% impaired fasting glucose) were observed with both criteria. The kappa-statistic (scaled from 0 to 1) was 0.38 (fair agreement), P = 0.000. The ROC curve area of the FPG was 0.65. CONCLUSIONS: FPG is an unsatisfactory method of evaluating the glucose tolerance of Caucasian women with previous GDM. OGTT may be a better test for such a purpose.     

高血压患者血糖及血胰岛素水平的观察

对６９例高血压患者进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验、胰岛素和Ｃ肽释放试验，并与５５例血压正常者作比较。结果示高血压组空腹及服糖后各时相的血糖水平和糖代谢失常（ＤＭ＋ＩＧＴ）发生率、血清胰岛素水平及Ｃ肽水平都高于血压正常对照组。高血压患者血胰岛素水平增高而血糖水平未见相应降低，提示胰岛素抵抗的存在。     

Impaired glucose tolerance in a middle-aged male urban population: a new approach for identifying high-risk cases

Summary From an urban population (n=9,033) of 47–49-year-old males, 6,956 participated in a multiphase screening programme, of whom 1.5% were already registered as diabetic patients, 1.7% were then found to be diabetic; of 6,325 subjects given oral glucose tolerance tests, 6.6% were found to have impaired glucose tolerance (WHO criteria, 1985). In 889 asymptomatic cases with initial capillary whole blood glucose values 6.6 mmol/l fasting and/or 2 h postload, fluctuation in oral glucose tolerance was studied at repeat tests within one month; the mean differences in glucose values between the first and second test were <–1% (fasting) and –15% (2 h post-load); there were no differences in body weight, and 62% of those with initially impaired glucose tolerance had normalised by the repeat test. Only in 109 cases (1.7%) were 2 h post-load values in the 7.8–11.0 mmol/l range both at the first and the repeat test; these cases were comparable vis-à-vis body mass index, triceps skin fold, blood pressure and initial glucose and insulin values, but had significantly lower oxygen uptake (2.34±0.54 l/min vs 2.63±0.681/min; p<0.003), as compared with subjects with initially impaired glucose tolerance but normal repeat test outcome. However, subjects with high normal first test results (2 h value in the 7.0–7.7 mmol/l range) and second test results in the 7.0–11.0 mmol/l range, resembled those with persistent impairment of glucose tolerance in all respects (including oxygen uptake). The repeat test procedure (including ergometry), is therefore to be recommended in selecting true risk cases.