Erythema induratum Bazin nach Lungentuberkulose

Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be directly demonstrated in lesions of cutaneous tuberculosis, but mostly could not be demonstrated in Tuberculids. These include erythema induratum of Bazin, papulonecrotic tuberculid as well as lichen scorphulosorum. Tuberculids result from the hematogenous spread of Mycobacteria tuberculosis in a person with a high degree of immunity. We report on a 63‐year‐old woman with erythema induratum of Bazin and pulmonary tuberculosis in medical history, with hightened tuberculin sensitivity and negative bacterial cultures. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could not detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐specific DNA. After eight weeks only, the patient responded well to a course of antituberculosis therapy (isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampicin and pyracinamide) with marked resolution of the lesions. The tuberculous origin of erythema induratum of Bazin is still controversal, since mycobacteria cannot be cultured from skin lesions. Since the availability of PCR‐diagnostic, in some cases, but not in our patient, PCR was positive für Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐specific DNA. The good response to antituberculosis therapy is a further argument for the association of erythema induratum of Bazin and Mycobacterium tuberculosis     

Erythema induratum of Bazin and Poncet''s disease – successful treatment with antitubercular drugs

Erythema induratum of Bazin (EIB) is considered a tuberculide reaction and consists of recurrent painful nodules predominantly on the calves. Clinically it has common features with diseases like nodular vasculitis, perniosis, polyarteritis nodosa and erythema nodosum. Poncet's disease is a reactive arthritis that may accompany tuberculosis. We report a case of a young woman in which the simultaneous occurrence of erythema induratum of Bazin and Poncet's disease led to a clinical picture very similar to Löfgren's syndrome. The final diagnosis was obtained by polymerase chain reaction detection of mycobacterial DNA in a skin biopsy. A systemic therapy with tuberculostatic drugs led to the disappearance of symptoms. The presented case shows the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction diagnostics in EIB patients without other clinical signs of tuberculosis and a confusing combination of symptoms, and further confirms the presence of mycobacterial DNA in EIB lesions.     

Erythema induratum of bazin

Erythema induratum of Bazin is a chronic, nodular eruption that usually occurs on the lower legs of young women. It has been regarded as a manifestation of tuberculin hypersensitivity, a type of tuberculid occurring on the legs, whereas nodular vasculitis represents the nontuberculous counterpart. The number of reports of erythema induratum of Bazin is decreasing in most developed countries in accordance with the decreased incidence of tuberculosis. The etiopathogenesis of erythema induratum of Bazin and its relation to tuberculosis are still controversial, because mycobacteria cannot be cultured from the skin lesions. Most authors currently consider erythema induratum of Bazin (nodular vasculitis) a multifactorial disorder with many different causes, tuberculosis being one of them.     

Erythema induratum of Bazin in a 10‐year‐old boy

Erythema induratum of Bazin (EIB) is a form of tuberculid resulting from hypersensitivity to tuberculosis antigen. EIB occurs most commonly in middle‐aged women and is not typically seen in children. Here, we present a rare case of EIB, presenting as a chronic nodular panniculitis, in a 10‐year‐old Korean boy.     

Mycobacterium tuberculosis found at both skin lesions and Mantoux testing site in a patient with erythema induratum of Bazin

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is very rarely found in erythema induratum of Bazin; recently, we found an unusual case with positive acid‐fast bacilli and polymerase chain reaction for detecting M. tuberculosis in both skin lesions of the extremities and the site of Mantoux test.     

以硬红斑为首发表现的肺结核一例

现将我院诊治的以硬红斑为首发表现的肺结核一例报道如下。患者，女，79岁，双小腿屈侧斑块1个月，无痛痒。皮肤组织病理检查示：皮下脂肪小叶及间隔可见由上皮样细胞、朗汉斯巨细胞、多核巨细胞及淋巴细胞所组成的结核样结节。行支气管镜肺组织活检示：（右肺中叶）大量尘埃颗粒沉着及凝固性坏死，坏死周边见上皮样细胞；支气管灌洗液刷片找到抗酸杆菌。     

Clofazimine-induced enteropathy in treatment-resistant nodular vasculitis

We report a chronic case of nodular vasculitis that responded to oral clofazimine 300 mg daily. The condition had previously responded to moderate dose oral prednisolone, 50 mg daily, but would recur with weaning. Multiple corticosteroid-sparing agents were trialled, however these were either ineffective or poorly tolerated. The introduction of clofazimine enabled prednisolone dose reduction, not achieved with other agents, to 22.5 mg daily, and was associated with complete suppression of disease activity. Unfortunately the patient developed a clofazimine-induced enteropathy and the treatment was ceased after almost 2 years of therapy. Cessation of clofazimine was associated with a flare of the condition. Clofazimine should be considered as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in resistant cases of nodular vasculitis. Clinicians should be aware of clofazimine-induced enteropathy as a potentially serious complication of the therapy.     

Disseminated Bacille Calmette‐Guérin infection in a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency caused by JAK3 gene mutation

Bacille Calmette‐Guérin (BCG), a live attenuated vaccine prepared using Mycobacterium bovis, can prevent tuberculosis in children and is routinely administered to infants in China and many other countries. A serious complication following vaccination is disseminated BCG infection. The risk is greatly increased in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), a syndrome characterized by deficiency of both humoral and cellular immunity. We report a case of disseminated BCG infection in an infant with SCID caused by two novel janus kinase 3 (JAK3) gene mutations.     

Precise determination of the erythema response of human skin to ultraviolet radiation and quantification of effects of protectors

Background: We describe highly reproducible methods for quantifying the erythema response of precisely selected areas (spots) of human skin to graded doses of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). These methods have permitted evaluation of the efficacy of protectors, such as sulforaphane from crucifers, that defend cells through induction of cytoprotective (phase 2) genes. Methods: Spots on the back were precisely located by opaque, adhesive, vinyl templates provided with 16 circular, 2.0 cm diameter occludable windows. Doses (100–800 mJ/cm²) of narrow‐band (311 nm) UVR were administered, and the erythema index (a^*) was measured with a chromometer on treated and control areas, before and after radiation. Results: Daily variations in basal a^* values of each spot were much smaller than the differences of a^* values among spots of one individual, or those of corresponding spots among different individuals. The increments in erythema responses to UVR (Δa^*) were similar despite large variations of basal a^* of spots. The most appropriate measure of UVR‐evoked erythema is therefore the Δa^* value for each spot, which is an independent observational entity. Δa^* was proportional to UVR dose, and independent of spot location. To evaluate effectiveness of protectors against UVR damage we paired horizontally adjacent spots for treatment and controls. Vertical or random spot pairing did not provide significantly higher consistency. Protective efficacy against UVR erythema is appropriately expressed as percent reduction in Δa^* values upon treatment with inducers. Conclusions: The protection of skin against UVR damage can be quantified precisely from changes in erythema index (Δa^*) obtained with a chromometer.     

Successful topical treatment of anal giant condylomata acuminata in an infant

Anogenital condylomata acuminata are induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) and they rarely manifest in immunocompetent children. Therapeutic options depend on patient's age and general conditions and extension of the lesions. However, management is still a challenge and recurrences are frequent. Cryotherapy, laser, and surgical treatments in children are painful and frequently require general anesthesia. Imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier and constitutes a noninvasive alternative for the treatment of anogenital condylomata acuminata. Here, we report an infant admitted to our hospital with a giant vegetative papillomatous lesion on the perianal region surrounded by small satellites papules. PCR for HPV confirmed the clinical diagnosis of giant condylomata acuminata due to HPV type 6. The child has been successfully treated with topical 5% imiquimod cream without side effects. Although topical imiquimod is not licensed for pediatric age, this report highlights the potential benefits of its use in selected pediatric cases.     

Telomerase-specific GV1001 peptide vaccination fails to induce objective tumor response in patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma

Background

There is currently no curative therapy for cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). New therapies are therefore needed. Telomerase, the enzyme that allows for unrestricted cell divisions of cancer cells, is a promising target for cancer therapy. The telomerase-specific peptide vaccination GV1001 has shown promising results in previous studies. Since telomerase is expressed in malignant cells of CTCL, GV1001 vaccination in CTCL is a promising new therapeutic approach.

Objective

We sought to investigate the efficacy of GV1001 vaccination in CTCL patients and characterize the induced immune response.

Methods

Six CTCL patients were vaccinated with the GV-peptide using granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant. Objective clinical response and the T cell response were assessed.

Results

None of the patients demonstrated objective clinical response to the vaccination whereas one patient showed disease progression. 1/6 patients acquired a GV1001-specifc T cell response with a Th1 cytokine profile and expression of skin-homing receptors. This hTERT-specific T cell response was not associated with beneficial modulation of the tumor-infiltrating leukocytes. Furthermore, removal of regulatory T cells did not enhance responsiveness to GV1001 in vitro in any of the patients analyzed.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the GV1001 vaccination is not effective in CTCL patients and disease progression in 1/6 patients raises concerns about its safety. By analyzing skin-homing properties of GV1001-specific T cells and the involvement of regulatory T cells we nevertheless provide insight into vaccine-induced immune responses which may help to improve vaccine strategies in CTCL.     

妊娠期HIV感染者的分娩方式和母婴结局分析

目的:探究妊娠期人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者的分娩方式对母婴结局的影响。方法:回顾性研究2012年1月至2016年6月我院收治的87名孕产妇作为研究对象,根据分娩方式分为阴道产组和剖宫产组,其中阴道产组53名孕妇,生产54名新生儿;剖宫产组34名孕妇,生产34名新生儿,对比分析两组HIV感染孕产妇的一般资料、产程时间、产后出血量、先兆子宫破裂及分娩结果,并对结果进行分析研究。结果:两组HIV感染孕产妇一般资料无显著性差异,剖宫产组在产程时间、先兆子宫破裂、新生儿感染率方面均优于阴道产组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是在孕妇产后并发症(产褥感染、产后出血量)和新生儿窒息率不及阴道产组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:不同分娩方式对孕产妇和新生儿的影响不同,剖宫产可大大降低新生儿感染HIV病毒的几率。     

用聚合酶链反应检测多形红斑皮损中单纯疱疹病毒的DNA

用聚合酶链反应检测２３例多形红斑石蜡组织切块中ＨＳＶ－ＤＮＡ，１６例为阳性（６９．５６％），其中ＨＳＶ－Ⅰ型１３例（８１．２５％），ＨＳＶ－Ⅱ型３例（１８．７５％）。对照组为银屑病３例，大疱性类天疱疮５例，扁平苔藓３例均为阴性。对于探讨ＨＳＶ在多形红斑发病机理中的作用有重要意义。