Analysis of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma based on the establishment of a novel cell line

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary gland is a rare, low-grade, neoplasm, composed of ductal and myoepithelial cells. We present two novel cell lines, which have been characterised by immunofluorescence, derived from an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland. A resected mass of the parotid gland was diagnosed as an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma by routine histological examination. Part of the specimen was labelled with a panel of antibodies confirming the tumour type. The other part was finely minced and the explants were incubated in DMEM supplemented with penicillin and streptomycin, at 37 degrees C in a humidified 5% CO(2) atmosphere. Two cell types were identified by immunofluorescence-a small cobblestone cell, positive for AE1/AE3 and p53, and a polyhedral cell, positive for vimentin, smooth muscle markers and S-100. Herein two cell lines are presented in order to open up possibilities of new studies and a discussion of the events that culminate in this bimodal neoplasm is also performed.     

Small cell carcinomas of the parotid gland. A clinicopathologic study of three cases

Clinical, histological and ultrastructural features of three small cell carcinomas arising in the parotid gland are presented. The light microscopic appearance of two of the neoplasms suggested neuroendocrine cell derivation, confirmed by electron microscopy in both instances. The fine structure of the third neoplasm suggested intercalated duct cell differentiation. The possibility that both types of neoplasm may arise from the same primitive precursor cell is considered. The findings from this study confirm the occurrence of two different types of small cell carcinoma of salivary gland origin. A distinction between duct cell and neuroendocrine subtypes may be impossible by conventional light microscopic evaluation.     

Small cell carcinoma of the major salivary glands

Small cell carcinoma is primarily a pulmonary neoplasm that rarely arises in extrapulmonic sites including salivary glands of the head and neck. Twelve cases of small cell carcinoma of salivary gland origin were retrieved from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology files. Six tumors occurred in the parotid gland and six in the submandibular gland. Tumors were classified into two categories: those with areas of histologically typical small cell carcinoma (7 cases) and those with areas of typical small cell carcinoma with foci of ductal differentiation (5 cases). Follow-up information was available in all 12 cases. Electron microscopy was done on eight tumors; only one demonstrated round electron dense intracytoplasmic neurosecretory granules. These observations further support evidence in the literature suggesting most of the small cell carcinomas of salivary gland origin are not true neuroendocrine ("oat cell") carcinomas, but actually are small cell ductal carcinomas. These tumors appear to have a better prognosis than small cell carcinoma of the lung or nonsalivary gland sites in the head and neck region, with an estimated 2- and 5-year survival of 70 and 46%, respectively.     

Lung,bone, skeletal muscles and cutaneous metastases from adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report and review of the literature

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the second most common malignancy of the major and minor salivary glands after mucoepidemoid carcinoma. The risk of distant metastases is approximately 20–50%. Although bone, the central nervous system and the other organs may become involved, the lungs are favored sites for metastases. Skeletal muscle and cutaneous metastases from adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland are extremely rare. In this case, a 40-year-old man with lung and bone metastases followed by skeletal muscle and cutaneous metastases from adenoid cystic carcinoma of the right parotid gland is presented.     

Clear Cell Carcinoma of Salivary Gland with Intracranial Extension Through Jugular Foramen

Clear cell carcinoma not otherwise specified type affecting the parotid gland is rare and extension of this tumor through the jugular foramen presenting as an intracranial space occupying lesion is extremely uncommon. We report a case of clear cell carcinoma of the parotid gland presenting as a left cerebellopontine angle tumor.     

Acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid salivary gland presenting as a cyst. Report of two cases.

Two case reports of pure cystic acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland are presented, together with a review of the literature. Both cases showed some departures from the classical histologic features of acinic cell carcinomas, particularly in reference to the intracystic papillary components. Pure cystic acinic cell carcinomas of salivary gland are a rarity in the literature and may appear histologically and morphologically innocuous on superficial examination.     

Case report: cavernous sinus metastasis of the parotid carcinoma: a very unusual case

Cavernous sinus is an uncommon site of metastasis for the head and neck tumors, and especially for the tumors of parotid gland. The case reported here is the second reported case of parotid carcinoma metastatic to the cavernous sinus, proven by histopathology. Also it is the first reported parotid gland acinic cell carcinoma metastasis to the cavernous sinus.     

151例腮腺恶性肿瘤临床病理特征分析

  目的  探讨腮腺恶性肿瘤的临床特点及影响预后的因素。  方法  收集2011年1月至2018年10月于天津医科大学肿瘤医院治疗并经病理证实为腮腺恶性肿瘤的151例患者的临床资料,并对其临床病理特征及生存情况进行回顾性分析。  结果  151例腮腺恶性肿瘤患者中,病理类型包括黏液表皮样癌、腺泡细胞癌、涎腺导管癌、腺样囊性癌、非特异性腺癌。病理类型（P=0.001）、年龄（P=0.049）、面神经麻痹（P<0.001）、镜下神经侵犯（P<0.001）、TNM分期（P<0.001）、临床分期（P<0.001）、肿瘤复发（P<0.001）、术后辅助放疗（P<0.001）与腮腺恶性肿瘤患者的预后相关。其中肿瘤复发（P=0.001）和临床分期（P=0.004）为影响腮腺恶性肿瘤预后的主要因素。  结论  肿瘤复发和临床分期是影响腮腺恶性肿瘤患者预后的独立危险因素,为判断腮腺恶性肿瘤预后和制定个体化治疗方案提供了重要依据。      

鼻中隔涎腺腺泡细胞癌1例

涎腺腺泡细胞癌是一种临床上少见的低度恶性肿瘤,多发生于腮腺、颌下腺、舌下腺及小唾液腺等涎腺。发生于鼻中隔的极为罕见,本文报道一例近期发现的位于鼻中隔的涎腺腺泡细胞癌。     

Basal Cell Adenoma of Parotid Gland: Case Report and Review of Literature

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) of the salivary gland is a rare neoplasm consists of a monomorphic population of basaloid epithelial cells, and it accounts for approximately 1–2 % of all salivary gland tumors. Its most frequent location is the parotid gland. It usually appears as a firm and mobile slow-growing mass. Histologically, isomorphic cells in nests and interlaced trabecules with a prominent basal membrane are observed. In contrast to pleomorphic adenoma, it tends to be multiple and its recurrence rate after surgical excision is high. Due to prognostic implications, differential diagnosis with basal cell adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is mandatory. We report a case of BCA of the parotid gland. We also review the literature and discuss the diagnosis and management of this rare entity.     

Multiple cutaneous metastases from a parotid adenoid cystic carcinoma

Cutaneous metastasis from salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma is extremely rare. We report a case of a 39-year-old man that presented multiple cutaneous metastases from a parotid salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. The clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features are described and discussed. This case shows the importance of a detailed and periodical skin examination in patients treated for salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.     

Immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the neoplastic cells of acinic cell carcinomas arising in the human parotid gland was found immunohistochemically, whereas other parotid gland tumors, such as pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin's tumor, oxyphilic adenoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma, did not show positive immunoreactivity for VIP. The acinic cell carcinoma stained with Grimelius impregnation and had dense core granules immunoreactive with anti-VIP serum. Moreover, a comparatively high concentration of immunoreactive VIP was detected by radioimmunoassay in an acinic cell carcinoma, whereas VIP concentration of the other tumors was undetectable.     

鼻咽癌放射性口干症与腮腺受照射体积相关性研究

目的 研究腮腺体积大小与鼻咽癌放射性口干症的关系。方法 选取2015—2016年收治的 199例鼻咽癌患者,根据腮腺大小分为大腮腺组与小腮腺组,并对两组患者放疗后口干情况进行对比,同时对两组之间的剂量学指标进行比较分析。计数资料采用χ²检验,计量资料采用t检验或非参数Mann-Whitney U检验,对DVH指标行非参数Mann-Whitney U检验。结果 两组患者放疗后3、6个月口干程度无差异,放疗后 1年大腮腺组患者口干程度较小腮腺组轻(P=0.035)。两组患者双侧腮腺受量不同,小腮腺组患者双侧腮腺受量高于大腮腺组,而两组患者颌下腺平均受量相近。结论 腮腺初始体积大小是影响放疗后口干评级的因素之一,大腮腺患者放疗后口干恢复情况优于小腮腺患者;对于小腮腺患者在计划制作时应更加注意降低剂量保护腮腺组织。     

Parotid gland as an initial site of metastasis

The parotid gland is an uncommon site of metastasis from carcinomas arising outside the head and neck region. Involvement of the parotid gland as an initial site of metastasis or presentation is rare. The present case report is the first, to our knowledge, to describe the management and outcome of an elderly man whose first presentation of an asymptomatic squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was that of a rapidly growing fungating left parotid mass.     

116例腮腺粘液表皮样癌患者的预后因素分析

背景与目的:粘液表皮样癌是涎腺中最常见的恶性肿瘤,有关腮腺的粘液表皮样癌的大宗病例报道较少.本研究旨在探讨影响腮腺粘液表皮样癌患者预后的临床病理因素.方法:回顾性分析中山大学肿瘤防治中心1980年5月至2000年12月收治的116例腮腺粘液表皮样癌患者的临床资料,对其预后进行单因素和多因素分析.结果:116例腮腺粘液表皮样癌患者的5、10和15年生存率分别为75.64%、64.55%和60.39%.单因素生存分析显示年龄、饮酒及T分期等12项因素是腮腺粘液表皮样癌预后的影响因素.多因素分析表明T分期(P=0.006,OR＞1)、病理分级(P=0.000,OR＞1)、远处转移(P=0.000,OR＞1)是影响腮腺粘液表皮样癌患者预后的独立因素.结论:T分期、病理分级和远处转移是影响腮腺粘液表皮样癌患者预后的独立危险因素.     

Extensive squamous cell carcinoma involving the parotid gland and carotid artery a case report.

Squamous cell carcinomas of the parotid gland are very rare. Majority of them will be metastatic with primaries in the head and neck. Very rarely, they can be from unknown primaries or primary parotid tumor itself. We present a case of the Squamous cell carcinoma with extensive local spread to the scalp, skin of the face, parapharyngeal space and causing occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Brief review of literature regarding primary and secondary type of these tumors is also included. Key words: Squamous cell carcinoma, parotid tumors.     

Parotid gland metastatic carcinoma of breast origin

Three patients who presented with a clinically solitary intraparotid metastasis from breast carcinoma are reported. The entity of metastatic disease in the parotid gland is reviewed. The importance of histologic distinction between primary and metastatic neoplasms of the parotid and the treatment approach are stressed.     

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in benign adenolymphoma (Warthin's tumor) of the parotid gland

Adenolymphoma of the parotid gland is a benign tumor occurring primarily in middle-aged males. Major texts of surgery and pathology state that this tumor is not malignant nor does it undergo malignant degeneration. This report demonstrates squamous cell carcinoma arising in a parotid adenolymphoma in a patient with no other malignancy or previous irradiation to the head and neck.     

Metastases to the parotid gland - A review of the clinicopathological evolution,molecular mechanisms and management

Metastases to the parotid gland are the commonest cause of parotid malignancies in many regions of the world including Australia. The most common etiology of these metastases is head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNcSCC) followed by melanoma of the head and neck. This article focuses on the management of the aforementioned pathologies including Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).     

涎腺基底细胞腺瘤临床病理分析

目的探讨涎腺基底细胞腺瘤的临床病理特点、免疫表型、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后。方法回顾性分析14例涎腺基底细胞腺瘤的临床资料、组织病理及免疫表型。结果 (1)涎腺基底细胞腺瘤好发于中老年女性,主要见于腮腺,生长缓慢,有完整包膜。(2)肿瘤由两种形态不同的基底样细胞混合而成,排列呈巢状、小梁状、腺管状,外周瘤细胞呈典型的栅栏状排列,并见明显的基底膜。(3)免疫组织化学:实体团块、小梁中央及管状结构的腔面细胞CK-pan(+),实体团块、小梁和小管的外周细胞p63(+),SMA(+),GFAP(-),Ki-67增值指数较低。结论涎腺基底细胞腺瘤是一种少见肿瘤,但其具有一定临床病理特征及免疫表型,有利于诊断。诊断时需与基底细胞腺癌、腺样囊性癌,多形性腺瘤、基底样鳞状细胞癌鉴别,手术切除后预后较好。