六种血清肿瘤标志物在胰腺癌临床诊断中的意义

目的：评价血清肿瘤标志物检测对胰腺癌的诊断及胰腺良恶性疾病的鉴别诊断的价值。方法：回顾性分析191例患者血清中CA19-9、CA242、CA125、CA50、癌胚抗原（CEA）及甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平,将胰腺癌与肝脏恶性肿瘤、胃肠道恶性肿瘤、胆道恶性肿瘤及其他良性疾病进行对比,分析其临床价值;同时与胰腺良性占位进行比较,分析肿瘤标志物在已明确的胰腺占位性病变中的鉴别诊断价值。绘制各肿瘤标志物的ROC曲线,计算曲线下面积（AUC）并进行分析处理。结果：6种肿瘤标志物中,CA19-9、CA50和CA242水平在胰腺癌组均高于胰腺良性疾病组、肝脏恶性肿瘤组、胃肠道恶性肿瘤组和其他良性疾病组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。胰腺癌组CA125、CEA水平亦高于胰腺良性疾病组（P〈0.05）。CA19-9的敏感性为79.49%,阴性似然比为0.28,其AUC为0.925。结论：CA19-9、CA50和CA242对胰腺与非胰腺疾病鉴别有意义;CA19-9对胰腺肿瘤良恶性鉴别的综合诊断能力较其他肿瘤标志物强,对胰腺恶性肿瘤与胆道恶性肿瘤鉴别能力较差。     

十二种肿瘤标志物联合检测在胆管癌诊断中的价值

目的 了解肿瘤标志物的联合检测和分析对胆管癌鉴别诊断的价值.方法 应用蛋白芯片技术同时检测 CA19-9,CEA,CA242,CA153,Bata-HCG,AFP,Free-PSA,Ferritin,NSE,PSA,CA125和HGH共12种肿瘤标志物在受试者血清中的表达.试验分三组:胆管癌组64例,胆道结石病组86例,正常对照组547例.结果 12种肿瘤标志物总的表达强度和阳性率为胆管癌组＞胆管结石病组＞健康对照组.胆管癌组中CA19-9,AFP,CEA,CA242和CA125的表达强度显著高于胆道结石病组(P＜0.05).同时胆管癌组中CA19-9、CEA和Bata-HCG的阳性率也明显高于胆道结石病组(P＜0.05).CA19-9、CA242和CEA对胆管癌诊断的敏感性均高于50%,其中CA19-9的敏感性最高达75.0%.CA19-9、CA242、CEA和CA125特异性和准确性均高于50%,其中以CA19-9的准确性最高,达60.7%.肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CEA、CA242和CA125与胆管结石相比较的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.574、0.555、0.554和0.551.结论 CA19-9、CEA、CA242和CA125在胆管癌诊断中具有较低的准确性,难以与胆管结石鉴别,诊断价值有限.     

多种肿瘤标志物联合检测对肝门胆管癌诊断的意义

目的:探讨联合检测肿瘤标志物CA50,CA125,CA242,CA19-9及CEA对肝门胆管癌诊断的意义.方法:选择近2年间住院且术后病理证实为肝门胆管癌患者90例作为观察组,同期胆道良性病变患者91例作为对照组,采用全自动电化学发光分析仪测定两组患者术前血清中CA50,CA125,CA242,CA19-9及CEA的水平.分别计算两组血清中5种肿瘤标志物的敏感性、特异性及准确性.结果:观察组血清CA50,CA242,CA19-9及CEA的水平明显高于对照组(均P＜0.01),而观察组血清CA125水平与对照组血清CA125水平比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).血清CA19-9在肝门胆管癌中阳性率最高(86.67％),次为CA242( 63.33％)及CA50 (60％);两组患者血清中5种标志物的阳性率比较,除CA125外,各相应组间差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).对于肝门胆管癌的诊断,血清CA19-9灵敏度最好(93.98％),而CEA的特异度最好(94.60％).结论:联合检测CA50,CA242,CA19-9和CEA有助于肝门胆管癌与胆道良性疾病鉴别.     

肿瘤标志物在肝胆管结石合并胆管癌诊断与预后评估中的价值

目的 评价肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA242、CEA单独或联合检测在肝胆管结石合并胆管癌诊断与预后评估中的作用.方法 对100例确诊的肝胆管结石合并胆管癌(异常胆管组)患者,手术前检测血清CA19-9、CA242、CEA值,并检测70例肝胆管结石合并胆管炎患者和30例肝血管瘤(正常胆管组)患者的血清CA19-9、CA242、CEA水平.结果 单独应用于异常胆管组诊断时,CA199的灵敏度最高,但是其特异性显著低于CA242和CEA (P＜0.01).三项肿瘤标志物中,两项以上高于正常值的患者其生存期显著低于仅有一项高于正常值或三项皆正常的患者(P＜0.05).结论 CA19-9在异常胆管组诊断率方面优于CEA和CA242,联合检测可以提高诊断的特异性;肿瘤标志物高水平与肝胆管结石合并胆管癌进展期相关;三项肿瘤标志物中两项或三项高于正常值的患者其生存期较短.     

多肿瘤标志物的联合检测和分析对胰腺癌诊断的价值探讨

目的探讨肿瘤标志物的联合检测和分析对胰腺癌诊断的价值。方法应用蛋白芯片技术同时检测CA19-9、CEA、CA242、-βHCG、AFP、Free-PSA、Ferritin、NSE、PSA、CA125、CA15-3和HGH共12种肿瘤标志物在患者血清中的表达。试验分3组:胰腺癌组81例,良性胰腺病组57例,正常对照组547例。结果12种肿瘤标志物在胰腺癌、良性胰腺病和健康对照组之间表达的差异明显。总的表达强度为胰腺癌组>良性胰腺病组>健康对照组。胰腺癌组中CA19-9、CEA、CA242、β-HCG、AFP、CA125和HGH的表达强度显著高于良性胰腺病组(P<0.05)。同时CA19-9、CEA、CA242、Fer-ritin、-βHCG、AFP、CA125、HGH和CA15-3的阳性率也明显高于良性胰腺病组(P<0.05)。CA242、CA19-9、CEA和CA125对胰腺癌诊断的敏感性均高于50%,特异性均高于70%,准确性均高于60%。其中以CA242的敏感性、特异性和准确性最高,分别为72.8%、89.5%和79.7%。同时CA242、CA19-9和CEA联合检测的敏感性和准确性较之单项检测明显升高。两两联合的准确性均为85.9%以上,3种联合准确性则高达97.8%。结论肿瘤标志物CA242、CA19-9和CEA的联合检测可明显提高胰腺癌的诊断率。     

多肿瘤标志物的联合检测和分析对胰腺癌诊断的价值探讨

目的探讨肿瘤标志物的联合检测和分析对胰腺癌诊断的价值。方法应用蛋白芯片技术同时检测CA19-9、CEA、CA242、β-HCG、AFP、Free-PSA、Ferritin、NSE、PSA、CA125、CA15—3和HGH共12种肿瘤标志物在患者血清中的表达。试验分3组：胰腺癌组81例，良性胰腺病组57例，正常对照组547例。结果12种肿瘤标志物在胰腺癌、良性胰腺病和健康对照组之间表达的差异明显。总的表达强度为胰腺癌组〉良性胰腺病组〉健康对照组。胰腺癌组中CA19—9、CEA、CA242、B-HCG、AFP、CA125和HGH的表达强度显著高于良性胰腺病组（P〈0．05）。同时CA19-9、CEA、CA242、Ferritin、pHCG、AFP、CA125、HGH和CA15—3的阳性率也明显高于良性胰腺病组（P〈0．05）。CA242、CA19—9、CEA和CA125对胰腺癌诊断的敏感性均高于50％，特异性均高于70％，准确性均高于60％。其中以CA242的敏感性、特异性和准确性最高，分别为72．8％、89．5％和79．7％。同时CA242、CA19—9和CEA联合检测的敏感性和准确性较之单项检测明显升高。两两联合的准确性均为85．9％以上，3种联合准确性则高达97．8％。结论肿瘤标志物CA242、CA19—9和CEA的联合检测可明显提高胰腺癌的诊断率。     

胃癌和大肠癌患者血清肿瘤标志物联合检测的临床意义

目的评价血清肿瘤标记物联合检测对胃癌和大肠癌诊断和监测的价值.方法用PC-12多种肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统检测179例胃癌和大肠癌患者、82例胃和结直肠良性疾病患者及160例健康人血清中12种常见肿瘤标志物CA19-9、NSE、CEA、CA242、铁蛋白（Ferritin）、Beta-HCG、AFP、free-PSA、PSA、CA125、HGH、CA153的水平.结果肿瘤组的肿瘤标志物水平显著高于良性疾病组及健康组（P＜0.01）,其中CA19-9、CEA、CA242、CA125和CA153 5项在胃癌和大肠癌患者中水平较两对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.采用平行检测法,可以提高检测的敏感度（72.07%）和阴性预测值（79.25%）;采用系列检测,可提高检测的特异度（92.15%）和阳性预测值（84.67%）.肿瘤根治术后,肿瘤标记物水平显著下降.术后未降至正常者,复发或转移率为68.89%,而术后再升高者复发或转移率为77.78%.结论多种肿瘤标记物对胃癌和大肠癌的诊断、监测肿瘤复发和转移有一定的价值.     

术前联合检测血清肿瘤标志物诊断消化系统肿瘤的临床价值

目的探讨几种血清肿瘤标志物术前检测在消化系统肿瘤诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析90例已确诊的消化系统恶性肿瘤的术前血清的及37例对照者的肿瘤标志物AFP、CEA、CA50、CA19-9和CA242的水平,应用放射免疫分析技术检测这些肿瘤标志物的含量。结果胃癌组的阳性率分别为AFP(12.00%)、CEA(68.00%)、CA50(28.00%)、CA19-9(48.00%)和CA242(12.00%);肝癌组的阳性率分别为AFP(81.25%)、CEA(12.50%)、CA50(62.50%)、CA19-9(50.00%)和CA242(6.25%);胰腺癌组的阳性率分别为AFP(55.56%)、CEA(41.18%)、CA50(27.78%)、CA19-9(72.22%)和CA242(88.89%);结肠癌组的阳性率分别为AFP(22.58%)、CEA(35.48%)、CA50(83.87%)、CA19-9(90.32%)和CA242(29.03%);对照组的阳性率分别为AFP(8.11%)、CEA(2.70%)、CA50(5.41%)、CA19-9(0.00%)和CA242(0.00%);联合检测的阳性率分别为76.00%、68.75%、94.44%和93.55%。结论多种肿瘤标志物联合检测可以提高消化系统恶性肿瘤诊断的阳性率,在肿瘤的术前诊断中有较高的临床应用价值。     

血清肿瘤标记物联合检测鉴别肝内胆管癌和肝细胞癌

目的：研究评价肝内胆管癌（ICC）和肝细胞癌（HCC）患者血清胸苷激酶1（TK1）、甲胎蛋白（AFP）、糖类抗原19-9（CA19-9）和癌胚抗原（CEA）的表达。方法：应用化学增强发光点印迹法定量检测48例HCC患者和17例ICC患者血清TK1浓度,直接化学发光法检测血清AFP、CA19-9和CEA浓度;50例健康志愿者作为对照组。结果：血清TK1、AFP、CAl9-9和CEA浓度在HCC组和ICC组均明显升高（P＜0.05）。血清CA19-9对ICC诊断敏感性最高（76.5%）,CEA其次（64.7%）。结论：血清TK1、AFP、CA19-9和CEA联合检测对HCC和ICC的鉴别诊断具有一定临床意义。     

联合检测血清CA19-9|CEA 和尿酸在鉴别诊断胆管癌与胆道良性疾病中的意义

目的：探讨 CA19-9,CEA 及肝肾功能各生化指标在胆管癌与胆道良性病患者血清中的变化规律以及其对于鉴别诊断胆管癌和胆道良性病和在术前评估中的意义。方法：用电化学发光免疫法和生化比色法测定并分析5 年间采集的胆管癌48 例、胆道良性病32 例及正常人31 例血清中CA19-9,CEA 和肝肾功能各生化指标的含量。结果：与正常人相比,胆管癌组和胆道良性病组CA19-9,TBIL,DBIL,AST 及ALT 水平均显著升高(P<0.01) ,而尿酸水平显著下降(P<0.01),肌酐水平在3 组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。胆管癌组血清中CA19-9 水平明显高于良性胆道病组(P<0.05),而CEA 在胆管癌组与胆道良性病组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单项检测中血清 CA19-9 的敏感性最高达75％ ( 36/48 )。胆管癌组内,CA19-9 与TBIL 均呈低度正相关性( r=0.351,P=0.014),与DBIL 的相关性有统计学意义( r=0.33,P=0.022)。结论：胆管癌与胆道良性病患者都存在不同程度的肝肾功能损害,联合测定CA19-9,CEA,尿酸对胆管癌及胆道良性病的鉴别诊断具有一定的参考意义。     

胆汁蔓陀罗凝集素结合活力联合癌胚抗原测定诊断胆管癌

目的：研究胆汁蔓陀罗凝集素结合活力（DLBA）联合癌胚抗原测定诊断胆管癌的价值。方法：采用酶联凝集素测定法（ELLA）检测31例胆管癌及13例良性胆道疾病胆汁糖蛋白蔓陀罗凝集素（DSA）结合活力，同时采用放免测定法检测CEA水平，并评价两种方法对胆管癌的联合诊断价值。结果：胆汁DLBA，CEA的分界值分别为0.8uDLBA/ml和7.0ng/ml时，DSA－ELISA及CEA放免测定诊断胆管癌的阳性率分别为74.2%,80.6%，特异性均为100％。联合诊断（CEA或DLBA升高）的阳性率为96．8％，特异性为100％。结论：胆汁蔓陀罗凝集素结合活力联合癌胚抗原测定有助于胆管癌的诊断。     

Role of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and cytology of bile in diagnosis of biliary and pancreatic cancer

To evaluate the clinical value in diagnosis of biliary and pancreatic cancer carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9) and cytology in the bile were examined in 343 patients with benign biliary disease and 71 patients with biliary and pancreatic cancer. An abnormal CEA level was defined as a level of more than 500 ng/ml in the gallbladder bile and 40 ng/ml in the bile duct bile. Increased bile CEA levels were observed in 50.0% in 22 patients with bile duct cancer, 60.0% in 20 with gallbladder cancer and 23.8% in 21 with pancreas cancer. False positive rate in 343 patients with benign diseases was only 1.2%. Bile CA19-9 levels were measured in 195 patients with benign disease and 30 with malignancy. However, the overlap between the values of the 2 groups was too great for differentiation of malignancy from benign disease. The positive rates of bile cytology were 52.2% in 23 patients with bile duct cancer, 40.0% in 15 with gallbladder cancer and 27.3% in 22 with pancreatic cancer. The diagnostic accuracies of combined assessment of bile CEA and cytology were 68.0% in 25 patients with bile duct cancer, 77.3% in 22 with gallbladder cancer and 37.5% in 24 with pancreatic cancer. The sensitivity of this combined test was 60.6% (43/71), and the specificity was 98.8% (339/343). This combined test is considered to be reliable screening test especially for biliary cancer.     

High serum concentrations of sialyl Tn antigen in carcinomas of the biliary tract and pancreas

Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen is a cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen expressed in cancers of the digestive tract. In the present study, we compared the serum level of STn antigen in 14 patients with benign diseases of the biliary tract and pancreas, 15 patients with bile duct cancers, and 9 patients with cancer of the pancreas. High levels of serum STn (>45 U/ml) were frequently detected in patients with carcinoma of the biliary tract (53.3%) or pancreas (55.6%), compared with the detection of high levels in those with benign diseases (14.3%; P < 0.05). Serum levels of STn did not correlate with the presence of jaundice, cholangitis, or pancreatitis, or with the level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9. In cancer tissues, the expression of STn antigen detected by immunostaining correlated significantly with serum STn (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that measurement of serum STn level may be potentially useful for the diagnosis of carcinomas of the biliary tract and pancreas, particularly when combined with other tumor markers such as CEA or CA19-9. Received for publication on Nov. 19, 1998; accepted on Jan. 4, 1999     

胆道梗阻病人胆汁中肿瘤标志物的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨胆汁癌胚抗原(CEA)、CA19-9、CAl25检测在胆道梗阻病人中的临床意义.方法 选择经手术或(和)病理检查证实的胆道恶性病变致胆道梗阻32例(胆道恶性病变组),与同期胆道良性病变致胆道梗阻36例(胆道良性病变组),分别检测其血清和胆汁中的CEA、CA19-9、CA125含量,并对其进行分析比较.结果 胆...     

肝门胆管癌的临床诊断

目的：探求实用和有效的诊断肝门胆管癌的方法。方法：对61例肝门胆管癌及50例良性胆道疾病（肝门胆管结石伴肝管狭窄、肝门胆管损伤性狭窄）的临床表现,实验室和影像检查结果比较分析。结果：肝门胆管癌的主要表现为梗阻性黄疸和右上腹痛。肝门胆管癌病人血清CA19－9水平显著高于良性对照组（P＜0．01）。血清CA19－9,CEA诊断肝门胆管癌的敏感性和特异性分别是83．6％,17．4％和68％,100％。B超,电脑彩超,CT,MRI诊断肝门胆管癌的敏感性和特异性分别是70％,97％,71．9％,78．3％和95．7％,100％,90．9％,87．5％。所有46例肝门胆管癌病人行MRC均能明确显示胆管梗阻部位和扩张的肝门胆管树。结论：血清CA19－9有助于肝门胆管癌的诊断。彩超,MRI结合MRC是诊断肝门胆管癌的首选影技术。     

胰腺癌血清肿瘤标记物的表达及其临床意义

目的 观察胰腺癌患者血清肿瘤标记的表达,以寻找对胰腺癌诊断与随访有价值的血清肿瘤标记物。方法 采用免疫分析法和放射免疫法检测62例胰腺癌患者血清AFP、CEA、CA50、CA15-3、CA19-9、CA72-4和CA125共7种肿瘤标记物的表达,并取以胃肠道肿瘤患者和良性疾病患者各16例作为对照。结果 7种肿瘤标记物中,CA19-9、CA50和CA125对胰腺癌诊断的相对价值较高,尤以CA19-9的诊断价值最高,灵敏度和特异度分别为90.6%和86.7%,切除术后监测上述三项指标呈下降趋势,结论 血清CA19-9、CA50和CA125的检测对胰腺癌的诊断和随访是有价值的。     

Multiple bile duct cancers presenting 3 years after resection of early gallbladder cancer: Case report

A 76-year-old woman underwent combined resection of the gallbladder plus partial hepatectomy for early gallbladder cancer. From the pathology results, the surgical treatment was deemed to have been curative. However, 3 years later, the patient was readmitted to the hospital with an elevated carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 level. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography demonstrated irregularity of the common hepatic duct and the left intrahepatic bile duct, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy revealed two separate papillary tumors at these sites. A diagnosis of multiple carcinomas of the bile duct was made and left hepatic lobectomy and resection of the extrahepatic bile duct was performed; reconstruction was carried out with a right hepatico-jejunostomy with Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Microscopic study revealed that both of the lesions were papillary adenocarcinomas, and normal biliary mucosa was confirmed to exist between them.     

阻塞性胆道疾病中血清CA199水平分析

目的研究血清CA199在阻塞性胆道疾病中的诊断价值。方法回顾分析278例阻塞性胆道疾病患者的血清CA199水平，分析不同疾病之间的差异，以及和胆红素水平之间的相关性：结果胆管癌中血清CA199水平明显高于胰腺癌和胆总管结石（P〈0．05），而胰腺癌和胆总管结石之间无明显差异；血清CA199水平在胰腺癌和胆总管结石病例中与血清胆红素水平存在明显相关（P〈0．01），但是胆管癌病例中无相关。结论血清CA199水平有助于胆管癌的术前诊断。     

Identification of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in bile of patients with malignant biliary tract disease

As a diagnostant of malignant hepato-biliary tract disease, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the bile and serum were evaluated in 12 patients with benign and 19 patients with malignant hepato-biliary diseases. Of the 12 patients with benign disease, 3 had a residual choledocholithiasis. CEA levels were determined in 7 patients with cancer of the head of pancreas or of the duodenal ampulla. Bile samples were obtainedvia biliary tract drainage after allowing for sufficient time to exclude the effects of pre-existing bile stasis or inflammation. The average serum CEA levels from 8 patients with benign disease were 1.5±0.23 ng/ml in contrast to 3.3±0.55 ng/ml in 18 with a malignancy (p<0.05). The average CEA levels in bile from 9 patients with benign and 19 with a malignancy were 1.7±0.31 ng/ml and 7.6±1.70 ng/ml respectively (p<0.01). In 3 with residual choledocholithasis, serum and bile CEA levels were 2.0±0.46 ng/ml and 13.1±6.47 ng/ml. The serum and bile CEA levels from 7 patients with cancer of the head of the pancreas or of duodenal ampulla were 2.5±0.32 ng/ml and 8.8±3.3 ng/ml, respectively. Although measurement of both serum and bile CEA levels in patients with hepato-biliary tract disease proved to be useful for differentiation of malignant from benign disease, the high value obtained strongly suggests the presence of a malignancy in addition to the residual choledocholithiasis and cancer of the head of the pancreas or of the duodenal ampulla.