合并原发性青光眼的白内障手术选择

目的 探讨合并原发性青光眼的白内障手术方案。方法 对４６例５２眼采用ＥＣＣＥ＋ＩＯＬ、ＥＣＣＥ＋ＩＯＬ＋小梁切除的病例进行手样前后眼压、Ｃ值、前房角镜、视力等检查并进行比较。结果 随访１年。１８眼急闭中３眼以及２４眼慢闭中２２眼ＥＣＣＥ＋ＩＯＬ术后眼压及Ｃ值均恢复正常,房角变宽,两组无显著性差异。结论 术前眼压、Ｃ值、房角检查为正确选择手术方式提供较为客观准确的参考标准。     

两种粘弹剂对小切口白内障术后眼压的影响

目的 评价分散粘弹剂羟丙甲基纤维素(20g·L~(-1))及硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠(30g·L~(-1))对小切口双侧白内障摘出术后眼压的影响。方法 老年性白内障患者20例40眼,全部进行小切口双侧白内障手术。于一眼白内障手术时随机选择1种粘弹剂,另眼时给予另1种粘弹剂。手术采用角膜缘反眉弓切口,长5mm,切开后环形撕囊,水分离,碎核刀碎核,晶状体圈娩出晶状体核,冲洗皮质。然后植入后房型聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯人工晶状体,不缝合。术前测眼压,术后6、24h及1周各测眼压1次。结果 术后6h羟丙甲基纤维素组眼压升高(3.8±5.0)mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg,P<0.001),硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠组升高(7.7±7.6)mmHg(P<0.001),硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠组眼压升高比羟丙甲基纤维素组明显(P=0.008)。眼压>30mmHg羟丙甲基纤维素组1眼、硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠组5眼(P<0.05)。术后24h及术后1周平均眼内压无明显差异。结论 研究结果表明,硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠在小切口白内障早期引起的眼压升高比羟丙甲基纤维素更明显。     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入术分析

目的 评价超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术（ＰＨＡＣＯ＋ＩＯＬ）的疗效。方法 对１００例（１１眼）白内障施行超声乳化人工晶状体植入手术治疗,并对术后１周、１月就３月视力及散光进行追踪观察。与同期１００例（１０５眼）白内障囊外摘出后房型人工晶状体植入术（ＥＣＣＥ＋ＩＯＬ）的病例组比较。结果 ＦＨＡＣＯ＋ＩＯＬ组术后视力≥０．５者,１周占９２．９％,１月占９４．１％,３月占９６．８％;术后平均散光１     

人工晶状体脱位的预防和处理

白内障摘出(ＥＣＣＥｏｒＰｈａｃｏ)并ＩＯＬ植入手术,在诸多并发症中,ＩＯＬ脱位越来越引起人们的关注,对其处理方法各不相同。一般资料:自1986年～1998年采集的病例,其来源:本中心、山东、唐山、广州、天津市及新加坡。共10例10眼,年龄6～78岁。平均年龄502岁。女2例,男8例。其中老年性白内障8例,外伤性白内障1例,无晶状体眼1例。ＥＣＣＥ ＩＯＬ7眼,Ｐｈａｃｏ ＩＯＬ2眼,无晶状体眼二期巩膜固定缝合1眼。一期ＩＯＬ植入9眼,二期植入1眼。脱位时间:为人工晶状体植入术后2天～10年不等。其中术后6月、2年、10年者为洗脸以后发生ＩＯＬ脱…     

超声乳化术中不同粘弹剂(Viscoat和透明质酸钠)对角膜内皮细胞的影响

目的　比较两种粘弹性物质Viscoat和透明质酸钠在白内障超声乳化手术中对角膜内皮的影响。方法　老年性白内障 49人 68眼 ,其中透明质酸钠组 2 5人 3 4眼 ,Viscoat组 2 4人 3 4眼 ,两组患者无内眼病史、眼外伤及眼内手术史 ,无糖尿病等全身疾病史。采用超声乳化术摘出白内障同时植入折叠性人工晶体 ,术前术后用非接触型角膜内皮显微镜观察测量角膜内皮细胞密度。结果　二组一般情况包括年龄 ,晶体核硬度及超声能量与时间的乘积无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;透明质酸钠组术前和术后的角膜内皮细胞丢失率为 15 % ,经统计学处理有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。Viscoat组术前和术后的角膜内皮细胞丢失率为 9% ,经统计学处理没有显普性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　在白内障超声乳化手术中粘弹剂Viscoat对角膜内皮细胞的保护能力强于透明质酸钠     

类风湿病人人工晶状体植入术的研究

目的调查类风湿关节炎病人白内障囊外摘除加人工晶状体植入（ＥＣＣＥ＋ＩＯＬ）术的可行性，探讨各种反映类风湿活动性指标与术后前房反应的关系。方法１１例类风湿关节炎病人１６只眼常规行ＥＣＣＥ＋ＩＯＬ术，术后复诊随访。结果除１例老年黄斑变性者外，所有病人均获得了０．６或以上的视力，３月后前房炎症消失，无手术并发症；病人术后前房反应的持续性与术前类风湿因子的滴度正相关，与其它指标无相关性。结论类风湿性关节炎病人ＥＣＣＥ＋ＩＯＬ手术安全可行；术后前房反应的持续时间与术前血清类风湿因子的滴度正相关     

后房型人工晶体巩膜缝线固定术

报告一种后房型人工晶体（ＰＣＩＯＬｓ）睫状沟植入技术。７０眼（７０例）行穿透巩膜的ＰＣＩＯＬｓ缝线固定术,术后随访６￣３６个月（平均１８个月）。术前视力ＣＦ￣０．１。术后４３眼（６１．５％）视力增进至０．４￣０．６,７眼（１０％）至０．７￣１．０,很少有并发症发生。介绍了手术方法及术中注意事项,该手术的开展使ＰＣＩＯＬｓ。植入几可以应用于所有白内障摘除术眼。     

不同手术切口对白内障术后视力和屈光力的影响

目的　评价白内障不同的手术切口对术后视力恢复的影响。方法　对１８６ 只眼老年性、并发性、发育性和无角膜瘢痕的外伤性白内障行ＥＣＣＥ（ＣＣＣ） 加ＩＯＬ。切口为１１ ｍ ｍ ,隧道６ ｍ ｍ 及反眉状５ ．５ ｍ ｍ 巩膜切口,手术后１ ｗｋ ,１ ｍ ｏ ,３ ｍ ｏ 进行视力和屈光检查与比较。结果　随着手术切口的缩小和手术切口的改进,角膜散光明显减少,视力明显提高。结论　提示反眉状隧道式白内障摘出术ＩＯＬ 术具有有效控制术后散光,全面重建视功能的优点     

48例白内障术后视力预测研究

目的 研究探讨视网膜计在白内障术后视力预测中的意义和临床应用价值。方法 随机选择各类型白内障患者４８例（４８只眼）,采用ＥＣＣＥ／ＩＯＬ手术方法,术前用ＬＡＭＢＤＡ１００视网膜计检测术眼的预测视力,并与术后三个月时的矫正视力作比较分析。结果预测视力作比较分析。结果 预测视力与术后视力之间呈良好的正直线相关（ｒ＝０．８０２,Ｐ〈０．００５）,结果完全一致８只眼（１６．７％）,假阳性结果１０只眼（２     

不用粘弹剂的连续环形撕前囊探讨

目的探讨不用粘弹剂,而通过前房雏持器(anteri-orc hamber maintainer,ACM)用平衡盐溶液(BSS)来维持前房深度,完成连续环形撕前囊(continuous curvilinear anterior capsulorhexis,CCC)的效果。方法将各种白内障患者846例(904眼)随机分成2组进行现代白内障囊外摘出术或超声乳化吸出术,其中ACM组451例489眼,对照组395例415眼。结果ACM组中,430眼能顺利完成CCC,直径约5.5-6.0mm,前囊撕开口光滑;对照组中375眼能顺利完成CCC。两组患者年龄、例数、晶状体核硬度及CCC成功率比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论通过ACM用联BSS来代替粘弹剂作前房填充,能顺利完成连续环形撕前囊,获得与粘弹荆相同的效果,因此在白内障手术中可替代粘弹剂用于CCC,从而减少白内障术中粘弹剂的使用,减少手术费用。     

Removal of viscoelastic materials after experimental cataract surgery in vitro.

The one significant complication of viscoelastic materials is that they may cause postoperative intraocular pressure rise. We investigated the rate and ease of removal of various viscoelastics using the Miyake video technique. Five viscoelastics were investigated: sodium hyaluronate (Healon), Healon GV, chondroitin sulfatesodium hyaluronate (Viscoat), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Occucoat), and polyacrylamide (Orcolon). The viscoelastics were dyed with fluorescein and, after filling the capsular bag with a viscoelastic material, a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted. The viscoelastic was then aspirated using an automated irrigation/aspiration device. Healon and Healon GV were completely removed within 20 to 25 seconds. Viscoat adhered to the lens capsule and to the posterior surface of the IOL and cooplete removal required approximately 3.5 minutes. Most Occucoat and Orcolon was aspirated within one minute; however, removal was completed only after three minutes. Removal of Healon and Healon GV was faster and more complete than removal of the other viscoelastics. Whether a small amount of viscoelastic left in the eye or trapped behind the IOL optic has any clinical significance has to be studied.     

Tensioverhalten nach Einsatz dreier verschiedener Viskoelastika nach Kataraktoperation

By using three different viscoelastics [Adatocel (methylhydroxypropylcellulose), Amvisc Plus (sodium hyaluronate) and Healon (sodium hyaluronate)] a prospective randomized study was conducted to investigate whether postoperative intraocular pressure shows significant differences according to the viscoelastics used after 150 cases of cataract surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The inclusion criteria for this study were: extracapsular cataract extraction via the usual small-incision techniques and endocapsular posterior-chamber lens implantation. A total of 150 eyes were operated upon. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups according to the viscoelastics, 50 cases used adatocel, 50 Amvisc Plus and 50 Healon. As far as possible, the viscoelastics were sucked out under visual control. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured after 6 and 24 h. RESULTS: Six hours postoperatively, no statistically significant difference between the intraocular pressure after using different viscoelastics (adatocel: 19.6 +/- 9.7 mmHg, Amvisc Plus: 20.5 +/- 9.6 mmHg und Healon: 21.8 +/- 8.8 mmHg) was seen. At 24 h IOP was statistically significant higher for Healon than for adatocel and Amvisc Plus (adatocel: 16.3 +/- 4.8 mmHg, Amvisc Plus: 16.5 +/- 4.6 mmHg and Healon: 19.7 +/- 6.6 mmHg). CONCLUSIONS: Six hours postoperatively after phacoemulsification there was no significant difference between the IOP using different viscoelastics adatocel, Amvisc Plus and Healon. Twenty-four hours postoperatively a significantly higher intraocular pressure was measured for Healon than for the other viscoelastics.     

Transient corneal edema after phacoemulsification: comparison of 3 viscoelastic regimens

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of different viscoelastic substances on the grade and time course of postoperative corneal edema. SETTING: Department of Clinical Sciences/Ophthalmology, Ume? University Hospital, Ume?, Sweden. METHODS: This study comprised 62 patients with otherwise healthy eyes who had routine phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was given Healon GV (sodium hyaluronate 1.4%) at phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Group 2 was given Viscoat (sodium hyaluronate 3.0%-chondroitin sulfate 4.0%) at phacoemulsification and Healon GV at IOL implantation. Group 3 was given Viscoat at phacoemulsification and Provisc (sodium hyaluronate 1.0%) at lens implantation. The central corneal thickness was measured with ultrasonic pachymetry before surgery and 5 and 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery. RESULTS: The mean increase in corneal thickness was significantly greater in Group 1 than in the other 2 groups 5 and 24 hours and 1 week after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The transient postoperative increase in central corneal thickness was greater in patients receiving Healon GV during phacoemulsification than in patients receiving Viscoat. The use of Provisc or Healon GV for IOL implantation did not affect the postoperative corneal thickness when Viscoat was used for phacoemulsification. The time course of the edema may be explained by a difference between the 2 agents in endothelial protection from ultrasonic, mechanical, or irrigation trauma.     

Randomized clinical comparison of Healon GV and Viscoat

PURPOSE: To compare the ability of Healon GV (sodium hyaluronate 1.4%) and Viscoat (sodium chondroitin sulfate 4.0%-sodium hyaluronate 3.0%) to protect the corneal endothelium during endocapsular phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. SETTING: A small ophthalmology group practice. METHODS: One hundred forty patients were randomized, 70 per group, in a prospective, partially masked study of cataract surgery using Healon GV or Viscoat. One ophthalmologist performed all surgery. Primary outcome variables were the 2 week postoperative changes in corneal thickness, endothelial cell density, mean endothelial cell size, and endothelial cell hexagonality. Several secondary variables were measured, and an analysis of the statistical power of the study was performed. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of age (P = .856), cataract density (P = .117), preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (P = .892), postoperative BCVA (P = .969), amount of viscoelastic material used during surgery (P = .444), amount of irrigating solution used (P = .125), or phacoemulsification time (P = .088). It took longer to remove the Viscoat than the Healon GV (P < .001), and total operating time for the Viscoat group was longer (P < .001). Two weeks after surgery, there were no significant differences between groups in corneal thickness (P = .362), endothelial cell density (P = .351), or mean endothelial cell size (P = .610). However, Viscoat preserved the hexagonal shape of endothelial cells slightly better than Healon GV (P = .043). The study had sufficient power to detect clinically significant differences in corneal thickness, endothelial cell density, and endothelial cell size. CONCLUSIONS: Healon GV and Viscoat were comparable in their ability to protect the corneal endothelium during endocapsular phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation. Results may vary, however, if phacoemulsification is performed anterior to the iris plane.     

小切口手法劈核白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术

目的:探讨小切口手法劈核白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的疗效、手术技巧、相关并发症及处理方法。方法:回顾分析173例199眼采用小切口手法劈核白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,随访观察1a。结果:裸眼视力≥0.5的眼数术后1d;1wk;1mo;1a分别为70眼(35.2%)、93眼(46.7%)、134眼(67.3%)、158眼(79.4%),矫正视力≥0.6的眼数术后1d;1wk;1mo;1a分别为78眼(39.2%)、101眼(50.8%)、145眼(72.9%)、164眼(82.4%)。结论:小切口手法劈核白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术作为防盲手术,具有疗效确切、安全、经济的特点,并发症少,值得临床应用与推广。     

The Clinical Study of Healon 5 in Phacoemulsification and IOL Implantation

Purpose: To compare a new ophthalmic viscoelastic device (OVD) Healon 5 with two other kinds of OVDs commonly used in China during phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in terms of removal time, intraocular pressure, corneal and anterior chamber response.Methods: This prospective randomized study, in which patients and observers are masked, comprises niety eyes. They were randomly divided into 3 groups with different OVDs. Healon 5 (sodium hyaluronate 5 000 2.3%) was compared with Healon GV (sodium hyaluronate 7 000 1.4%) and Iviz (sodium hyaluronate 1.0%) . The surgeries were performed with temporal corneal incision, phacoemulsification in situ and foldable lens intracapsular implantation. The characteristic and the removal time of the viscoelastic material as well as the postoperative IOP, corneal reaction and anterior chamber reactions of the eyes were observed preoperatively and 24 hrs postoperatively. Exclusion criteria were glaucoma, a preoperative dilated pupil diameter small     

Comparison of the clinical performance of Healon 5 and Healon in phacoemulsification

PURPOSE: Healon 5 is a high-molecular-mass fraction of sodium hyaluronate. Its density endows it with a number of viscoelastic characteristics. In this prospective, randomised clinical study we compared the performance of Healon 5 and Healon in phacoemulsification. SETTING: Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. METHODS: Two groups of patients underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. In the first 27 patients Healon 5 was used as viscoelastic substance during surgery, and in the second 27 Healon was used. The surgeons subjective comments on the performance of these viscoelastic agents were recorded at the different steps of surgery: injection, capsulorhexis, phacoemulsification, IOL implantation, removal of viscoelastic agent and trasparency throughout the operation. The surgeon's overall impression of the viscoelastics during the whole operation was noted. Tonometry and endothelial cell count were performed in all patients before and after operation. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the two groups as regards visual acuity, ocular pressure and endothelial damage. Healon 5 showed excellent ability to maintain the anterior chamber during capsulorhexis, phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Removal time with Healon 5 was not appreciably longer than Healon. CONCLUSIONS: Healon 5 emerges as a very interesting viscoelastic substance. Visibility is better if the anterior chamber is filled completely. Removal is easier if it is aspirated while moving the irrigation aspiration tip with circular movements over the top and around the border of the IOL.     

655例白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的探讨超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术对老年性白内障患者的手术治疗效果。方法对655例(655眼)老年性白内障患者行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术,观察术后裸眼视力恢复情况及术后并发症。结果患者术后1d裸眼视力≥0.5者256眼占39.08%,术后3天复查裸眼视力≥0.5者419眼占63.97%。655例患者裸眼视力均有不同程度提高,手术后主要并发症为角膜水肿,无其他严重并发症。结论超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术是治疗老年性白内障的有效手术方法,疗效确切,手术中规范操作可减少术后并发症的发生。     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入术影响视力因素分析

目的　分析超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入影响视力因素。方法　对 196例 2 19眼白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术影响视力因素进行分析。结果　术后 1月 ,矫正视力 :<0 .5者 5 6眼 (2 5 6% ) ,0 .5～ 0 .9者 94眼 (4 2 .9% ) ,≥ 1 0者69眼 (3 1 5 % )。影响视力的主要因素 :术后并发症如角膜水肿及失代偿、后囊浑浊、葡萄膜炎、人工晶状体偏位及术前合并眼病。结论　白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术中减少术中术后并发症 ,可提高术后视力     

Objective assessment of intraocular flare after cataract surgery with combined primary posterior capsulorhexis and posterior optic buttonholing in adults

AIM: Combining primary posterior capsulorhexis (PPC) and posterior optic buttonholing (POBH) in cataract surgery is an innovative approach to prevent after-cataract formation effectively and to increase postoperative stability of the intraocular lens (IOL). The present study was designed to compare the postoperative intraocular flare after cataract surgery with combined PPC and POBH to conventional in-the-bag implantation of the IOL. METHODS: Fifty consecutive age-related cataract patients with cataract surgery under topical anaesthesia in both eyes were enrolled prospectively into a prospective, randomised clinical trial. In randomised order, cataract surgery with combined PPC and POBH was performed in one eye; in the other eye cataract surgery was performed conventionally with in-the-bag IOL implantation keeping the posterior lens capsule intact. Intraocular flare was measured 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h postoperatively, as well as 1 week and 1 month postoperatively, using a KOWA FC-1000 laser flare cell meter. RESULTS: The peak of intraocular flare was observed in POBH eyes and eyes with in-the-bag IOL implantation 1 h postoperatively. In both groups, the response was steadily decreasing thereafter. During measurements at day 1, small though statistically significant higher flare measurements were observed in eyes with in-the-bag IOL implantation (p<0.05). At 1 week and 1 month postoperatively, intraocular flare measurements were comparable again (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Cataract surgery with combined PPC/POBH showed slightly lower postoperative anterior chamber reaction compared to conventional in-the-bag implantation during 4-week follow-up, indicating that POBH might trigger somewhat less inflammatory response. This could be explained by the posterior capsule sandwiching between the optic and the anterior capsule, preventing direct contact-mediated myofibroblastic trans-differentiation of anterior lens epithelial cells with consecutive cytokine depletion.