金纳多注射液对脂多糖致急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织中核因子-κB表达的影响

目的：探讨金纳多注射液对脂多糖致急性肺损伤（ ALI）大鼠肺组织中核因子-κB（ NF-κB）表达的影响。方法采用随机法将24只Wistar大鼠分为3组：对照组（ Control）、脂多糖组（ LPS）和金纳多处理组（ GBE）。采用尾静脉注射脂多糖（ LPS）的方法建立急性肺损伤模型,光学显微镜下观察每组大鼠的肺组织病理学改变;检测血清中肿瘤坏死因子-αB（ TNF-αB）和肺组织中核因子-κB（NF-κB）的表达变化。结果与对照组相比,脂多糖组大鼠血清中TNF-αB含量升高（P＜0．05）,肺组织中NF-κB表达增加（P＜0．05）;与脂多糖组相比,金纳多处理组大鼠血清中TNF-αB含量减少（P＜0．05）,肺组织中NF-κB表达减少（P＜0．05）。结论金纳多注射液可有效减轻ALI时肺组织的炎症反应,其机制可能与其降低大鼠体内TNF-α含量、减少NF-κB表达有关。     

白藜芦醇对脂多糖诱导小鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的研究白藜芦醇对脂多糖(LPS)致小鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)的保护作用,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法以小鼠气道滴注LPS制备急性肺损伤模型,检测气道吸气阻力(Ri)、气道呼气阻力(Re)和动态肺顺应性(Cdyn)的变化,测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的含量,检测肺湿/干比值和毛细血管通透性,观察组织病理学变化。结果白藜芦醇能明显抑制Ri、Re增长和Cdyn降低,降低BALF中IL-1βI、L-6、TNF-α的含量,降低肺湿/干比值和渗透性,减轻肺组织病理学的损伤。结论白藜芦醇对LPS诱导的ALI具有保护作用,作用机制可能与抑制炎症因子的合成与释放有关。     

甘草酸单铵对脂多糖致小鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用

采用脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide，LPS)气道滴入诱导小鼠急性肺损伤(acute lung injury，ALI)模型，研究甘草酸单铵(monoammonium glycyrrhizinate，MAG)对ALI的防治作用及其机制。雄性ICR小鼠随机分为生理盐水(NS)对照组、MAG 3、10 及30 mg·kg^-1组、LPS组、地塞米松(dexamethasone，DXM) 5 mg·kg^-1组。MAG各组气道滴入LPS前1 h及滴入后3 h各给药1次，DXM组气道滴入LPS前1 h给药1次。LPS气道滴入后6 h处死动物，测定各组的肺湿重/干重比、肺通透性、肺组织中性粒细胞髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase，MPO)含量、ELISA法检测肺组织匀浆TNF-α、IL-10含量，常规细胞形态学检测中性粒细胞在支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid，BALF)中的比例和肺组织病理改变。结果表明，MAG剂量依赖性减轻气道内滴入LPS诱导的小鼠ALI程度，降低肺湿重/干重比及肺组织伊文斯蓝的渗出，降低BALF中白细胞总数和中性粒细胞数比例，抑制组织MPO的释放，降低肺组织匀浆TNF-α的含量，增加肺组织IL-10的释放。以上结果提示，MAG可能通过调节TNF-α/IL-10的平衡而有效保护脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤。     

乌司他丁对急性肺损伤小鼠肺组织中白细胞介素-10表达的影响

目的探讨鸟司他丁（UTI）对急性肺损伤（Au）小鼠肺组织中白细胞介素-10（IL-10）表达的影响。方法将昆明种小鼠50只随机分为脂多糖（LPs）组和uTI组，腹腔注射LPS建立小鼠急性肺损伤模型，用放射免疫法测定各组各时相点肺组织匀浆上清液中IL-10的含量，同时观察肺组织形态学改变。结果两组小鼠肺组织中IL-10含量均呈上升趋势，UTI组升高幅度明显高于LPS组（P〈0．05）。结论UTI可能通过上调抗炎因子IL-10的表达，对Au小鼠产生保护作用。     

依布硒啉对大鼠脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的探讨依布硒啉对内毒素性急性肺损伤大鼠肺功能的保护作用及对肺组织中相关细胞因子表达的影响。方法健康雄性SD大鼠随机分成6组：正常对照组,模型组,地塞米松对照组,依布硒啉30、15和7.5 mg/kg治疗组。通过大鼠尾静脉注射脂多糖（5 mg/kg）建立急性肺损伤模型,治疗大鼠组于造模前30 min腹腔注射给药,对照组和模型组分别注入等量溶剂。造模后6 h,麻醉抽取动脉血并放血处死动物,检测动脉血氧分压（PaO2）和二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）,取肺组织,测定肺湿/干质量比,收集支气管肺泡灌洗液,检测其中总蛋白水平。分别检测肺组织中丙二醛（MDA）、TNF-α含量及核因子E2相关因子（Nrf2）蛋白表达。结果与模型组相比,依布硒啉15和30 mg/kg剂量组大鼠动脉血中PaO2明显增高、PaCO2明显降低,肺湿/干质量比降低,肺组织MDA和TNF-α含量显著减少,而Nrf2表达明显增高。结论依布硒啉对内毒素性急性肺损伤有一定保护作用,其机制可能与诱导Nrf2表达有关。     

肿节风水提物对脂多糖致小鼠急性肺损伤的预防作用

目的观察肿节风水提醇沉物（SGE）对脂多糖致小鼠急性肺损伤的预防作用。方法将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、地塞米松治疗组及低、中、高剂量SGE治疗组,每组14只。静脉注射脂多糖5 mg/kg造成小鼠急性肺损伤模型后12 h,测定各组小鼠肺指数、肺组织通透性指数、肺组织匀浆中磷脂酶A2（PLA2）活性。结果造模12 h后模型组肺间质水肿,肺泡腔内可见大量炎细胞浸润和血浆蛋白渗出,肺指数、肺通透性指数及肺组织匀浆中PLA2活性均显著升高。地塞米松、SGE治疗组均较模型组显著下降（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论 SGE对脂多糖致急性肺损伤具有预防作用,该作用与其抑制肺组织中PLA2活性有关。     

红霉素对内毒素诱导急性肺损伤大鼠炎症因子的影响

目的观察红霉素对内毒素诱导急性肺损伤（Au）大鼠体内白介素1β（IL-1β）、白介素6（IL-6）表达的影响，探讨红霉素对急性肺损伤的干预作用。方法气道内滴注内毒素（LPS）4mg／kg建立大鼠ALI模型。48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组：对照组、实验组、治疗组，每组16只。对照组于大鼠尾静脉注射生理盐水，实验组向大鼠尾静脉内注射内毒素，治疗组注射内毒素和红霉素注射液。用双抗体夹心酶标免疫（EIASA）分析法测定48只大鼠血清中IL-1β、IL-6的水平。结果各组大鼠血清中IL-1β、IL-6的水平比较：实验组和治疗组明显高于对照组，P〈0．01；实验组高于治疗组，P〈0．05。结论红霉素能够抑制内毒素诱导急性肺损伤（ALI）大鼠体内白介素1β、白介素6的表达，减少炎症介质对急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织的损伤，起到干预急性肺损伤发展的作用。     

肽转运载体2 mRNA在脂多糖致急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织中的表达(英文)

目的研究肽转运载体(PEPT)2 mRNA在脂多糖(LPS)致急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织的表达。方法健康雄性SD大鼠分为正常对照组,生理盐水组,LPS 0.5mg·kg-12,4和8h组。光镜下观察肺组织病理变化,测定肺湿/干重比、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中蛋白含量和肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性;半定量RT-PCR检测肺组织PEPT2 mRNA表达。结果气管内给予LPS 0.5mg·kg-1,大鼠肺组织呈现典型的炎症病理变化,如肺泡充血、出血、水肿、中性粒细胞浸润、肺泡壁增厚和透明膜形成等。LPS 2,4和8h组大鼠肺湿/干重比(4.72±0.18,5.06±0.17和5.12±0.16)明显高于正常对照组和生理盐水组(4.12±0.15和4.14±0.11)。与正常对照组和生理盐水组〔(1.26±0.12)和(1.25±0.07)U·g-1湿组织〕相比,LPS2,4和8h组大鼠肺MPO活性〔(1.96±0.15),(2.23±0.10)和(2.34±0.12)U·g-1湿组织〕明显增高。LPS 2,4和8h组大鼠BALF中蛋白含量〔(36.6±2.9),(86.9±3.5)和(92.2±2.7)mg·L-1〕明显高于正常对照组和生理盐水组〔(29.3±1.3)和(29.4±2.7)mg·L-1〕。LPS各组大鼠肺组织PEPT2 mRNA的表达水平与正常对照组和生理盐水组相比无明显变化。结论PEPT2 mRNA在LPS致急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织中的表达水平无明显变化。     

胰岛素对脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤大鼠的影响

目的 观察胰岛素对脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤大鼠的影响.方法 SD大鼠72只随机分为3组,模型组和胰岛素组予内毒素5 mg经颈静脉插管注射,复制急性肺损伤模型;空白对照组给予生理盐水1 mL·kg-1.2 h后,空白对照组、模型组经微量泵泵入生理盐水1 mL·kgq-h-1,胰岛素组泵入含0.5 kU·L-l胰岛素的生理盐...     

金纳多对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的观察金纳多对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法采用在体大鼠结扎冠状动脉前降支10min后,松扎再灌注30min造成心肌缺血再灌注模型,计算心肌梗死范围(MIS),测定血清磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量,观察心律失常发生情况。结果金纳多对心肌缺血10min再灌注损伤30min大鼠,可明显缩小MIS,降低血清CK、LDH活性和MDA含量,提高SOD活性,降低心律失常的发生率。结论金纳多对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

地塞米松对早期脓毒症大鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用研究

目的 观察地塞米松对早期脓毒症大鼠急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)的保护作用.方法 将雄性大鼠随机分为3组:生理盐水组(N组)、脂多糖组(L组)、脂多糖+地塞米松组(LD组).各组大鼠于造模后4h麻醉处死,行动脉血气分析,测定肺组织湿/干质量比值(W/D),用RT-PCR法检测肺组织水通道蛋白1(aquaporin 1,AQP1 )mRNA表达水平.结果 与L组比较,LD组大鼠肺组织湿/千质量比明显降低,AQP1 mRNA表达水平升高,动脉血气改善.结论 地塞米松对早期脓毒症大鼠ALI有保护作用,该作用与上调肺AQP1 mRNA表达水平有关.     

辛伐他汀对脓毒症小鼠肺损伤的保护作用

目的观察辛伐他丁对脓毒症小鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用,并探讨其可能机制。方法采用盲肠结扎穿孔术制备脓毒症小鼠模型,将72只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分成3组:假手术组、脓毒症急性肺损伤组(脓毒症组)、脓毒症+辛伐他汀治疗组(治疗组)。治疗组给予辛伐他汀0.2μg/g,q12h腹腔注射1周;假手术组、脓毒症组给予等量安慰剂腹腔注射1周。分别于造模后6、12、24 h留取肺脏标本。HE染色观察肺组织病理学变化,免疫组化检测肺组织toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)蛋白的表达,ELISA测定肺组织匀浆中IL-1β及TNF-α的表达水平。结果与假手术组比较,造模后6、12、24 h,脓毒症组肺组织病理学评分、肺组织TLR4蛋白的表达,以及TNF-α、IL-1β水平明显升高(P<0.05);与脓毒症组相比,治疗组上述指标明显降低(P<0.05)。结论辛伐他汀通过抑制TLR4信号转导通路,减少其下游炎症介质TNF-α、IL-1β的释放,对脓毒症导致的急性肺损伤具有一定保护作用。     

三氟醚对内毒素性急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织的保护作用

目的探讨七氟醚对内毒素性急性肺损伤大鼠肺组织的保护作用。方法选择12只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为两组各6只。观察组使用吸入七氟醚1．5％-2．0％,对照组仅单纯吸人氧气,比较两组大鼠DAD各项目评分以及白细胞计数、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平。结果观察组白细胞计数显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）,TNF-α水平低于对照组（P〈0．05）,观察组肺泡纤维素渗出、肺泡出血、肺间质水肿、肺泡和肺间质中性粒细胞聚集评分均显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论七氟醚能减少急性肺损伤大鼠的炎症反应,降低体内白细胞数量,具有一定的肺保护作用。     

Protective effects of pravastatin in murine lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury

1. The present study was designed to determine whether pravastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, could attenuate acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in BALB/c mice. 2. Acute lung injury was induced successfully by intratracheal administraiton of LPS (3 microg/g) in BALB/c mice. Pravastatin (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to mice 24 h prior to and then again concomitant with LPS exposure. 3. Challenge with LPS alone produced a significant increase in lung index and the wet/dry weight ratio compared with control animals. Pulmonary microvascular leakage, as indicated by albumin content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and extravasation of Evans blue dye albumin into lung tissue, was apparently increased in LPS-exposed mice. Lipopolysaccharide exposure also produced a significant lung inflammatory response, reflected by myeloperoxidase activity and inflammatory cell counts in BALF. Furthermore, histological examination showed that mice exposed to LPS also exhibited prominent inflammatory cell infiltration and occasional alveolar haemorrhage. 4. Pravastatin (3, 10 or 30 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a significant reduction in multiple indices of LPS-induced pulmonary vascular leak and inflammatory cell infiltration into lung tissue. Elevated tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels in lung tissue homogenates of ALI mice were significantly decreased after administration of 10 or 30 mg/kg pravastatin. 5. These findings confirm significant protection by pravastatin against LPS-induced lung vascular leak and inflammation and implicate a potential role for statins in the management of ALI. The inhibitory effect of pravastatin was associated with its effect in decreasing TNF-alpha.     

Protective effects of intranasal curcumin on paraquot induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice

Paraquot (PQ) is widely and commonly used as herbicide and has been reported to be hazardous as it causes lung injury. However, molecular mechanism underlying lung toxicity caused by PQ has not been elucidated. Curcumin, a known anti-inflammatory molecule derived from rhizomes of Curcuma longa has variety of pharmacological activities including free-radical scavenging properties but the protective effects of curcumin on PQ-induced acute lung injury (ALI) have not been studied. In this study, we aimed to study the effects of curcumin on ALI caused by PQ in male parke's strain mice which were challenged acutely by PQ (50 mg/kg, i.p.) with or without curcumin an hour before (5 mg/kg, i.n.) PQ intoxication. Lung specimens and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were isolated for pathological and biochemical analysis after 48 h of PQ exposure. Curcumin administration has significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities. Lung wet/dry weight ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content, total cell number and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in BALF as well as neutrophil infiltration were attenuated by curcumin. Pathological studies also revealed that intranasal curcumin alleviate PQ-induced pulmonary damage and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO). These results suggest that intranasal curcumin may directly target lungs and curcumin inhalers may prove to be effective in PQ-induced ALI treatment in near future.     

Protective effects of naringin against paraquat-induced acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis in mice

The present study evaluates protective effects of naringin against paraquat (PQ)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Survival probability against PQ intoxication was tested by a single intraperitoneal injection of PQ. Results showed that survival rates of mice exposed to PQ only (50 mg/kg within 7 days) were much lower than that in mice daily treatment with NAC or naringin. Moreover, protection against PQ-induced ALI was tested by daily pretreatment mice with saline, NAC or naringin for 3 days before PQ (30 mg/kg, i.p.). Results showed that increase in leukocytes infiltration and overexpressions of TNF-α and TGF-β1 caused by 8 h of PQ exposure were dose-dependently ameliorated by naringin. Furthermore, protection against PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis was tested by pretreatment mice with PQ (20 mg/kg, i.p.), and then daily administration with saline, NAC or naringin for prolonged 21 days. Results showed that naringin of 60 and 120 mg/kg significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of TNF-α, TGF-β1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, levels of pulmonary malonaldehyde and hydroxyproline, as well as pulmonary fibrosis deposition, while increased activities of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1. These results indicated that naringin had effective protection against PQ-induced ALI and pulmonary fibrosis.     

急性肾损伤诱导急性肺损伤的研究进展

急性肾损伤是一种ICU患者中常见的疾病,致死率较高,当合并肺损伤时,致死率显著提高,可达到80%。急性肾损伤可导致全身体液灌注量增加,血浆渗透压升高进而引起肺水肿和急性呼吸衰竭。同时,炎症反应,氧化应激,细胞凋亡和可溶性调节因子代谢异常等也可能参与急性肾损伤诱导的肺损伤。对急性肾损伤诱导肺损伤的临床认识和可能发病机制的研究,将有助于临床疾病的治疗和死亡率的降低,同时也将有助于对其它肾脏疾病发病机制的认识。     

芸香苷对实验性急性胰腺炎肺损伤的保护作用及机制

目的探讨芸香苷(rutoside,Ru)对实验性急性胰腺炎(AP)肺损伤的保护作用及机制。方法牛磺胆酸钠(STC)逆行胆胰管注射诱发大鼠AP模型后,立即按Ru15、30、60mg.kg-1.h-13个剂量持续静脉输注6h,观察AP大鼠动脉血气分析、肺湿重/干重比值、肺组织病理学、肺TNF-α、ICAM-1、NF-κB表达的变化。结果60mg.kg-1剂量组可升高AP大鼠降低的动脉PO2;Ru30、60mg.kg-1剂量组可降低肺湿/干重比值,同时可以改善肺病理损伤情况;Ru15、30、60mg.kg-1剂量组均可降低肺TNF-α、ICAM-1、NF-κB的表达。结论静脉输注Ru对实验性AP胰外肺损伤具有一定的保护作用,其发挥保护作用的机制可能与降低TNF-α、ICAM-1、NF-κB的表达有关。